International Journal of Case Reports and Images最新文献

{"title":"From diagnosis to treatment of post-polio syndrome: A case study","authors":"Daniel Antunes Pereira, Yasmin Faria Menezes Castro Santos, Marco Antonio Orsini Neves, A. M. da Silva Catharino, Gilberto Canedo Martins Jr, Eduardo Rodrigues Davidovich","doi":"10.5348/101384z01dp2023cr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101384z01dp2023cr","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Acute anterior poliomyelitis (AAP) can affect people of any age, despite being uncommon before six months. The viral invasion destroys the lower motor neurons of the spinal cord, brain, and brainstem. As a result, it leads to partial or complete flaccid and asymmetrical paralysis of the lower limb and spine muscles. Big names like Frida Kahlo and US President Franklin D Roosevelt were diagnosed with polio.\u0000\u0000 Case Report: We present the case of a patient with AAP diagnosed at two years of age. As an adult, he gave osteomyoarticular sequelae, insomnia, new central (adynamia), peripheral fatigue, cold intolerance, joint and neuropathic pain. The patient received a clinical diagnosis of post-polio syndrome (PPS) after fulfilling Dalakas criteria. The physical examination showed some hallmarks of AAP, in addition to those primarily affected by PPS.\u0000\u0000 Conclusion: Post-polio syndrome is a disorder characterized by new neuromuscular deficits that present years after the resolution of polio infection. However, far beyond the physical pain, the psychosocial impact is staggering. Therefore, in addition to surgical intervention and physical therapy, attention should be paid to the psychological follow-up of this patient, who is most often elderly.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81036684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family hypercholesterolemia revealed by myocardial infarction: Case report and literature data","authors":"N. Mahoungou-Mackonia, A. Fadoul, C. Mahamadou, A. Drighil, C. Couderq, R. Habba","doi":"10.5348/101383z01nm2023cr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101383z01nm2023cr","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Familial hypercholesterolemia is a monogenetic, autosomal dominant, heterozygous predominant disease that affects 1/500 births and only 20% of cases are diagnosed. Diagnosis is based on the MedPed score, which includes family history, clinical manifestations, complications, and hypercholesterolemia determined by biological tests with genetic confirmation of the mutation. Complications occur early, before the age of 55 in men and 60 in women, and are even more virulent in the homozygous form. Thus, we relate this clinical case to its underestimation, low prevalence, and especially its virulence.\u0000\u0000 Case Report: A 31-year-old, non-obese patient with a history of stroke in the mother at the age of 52 years, acute coronary syndrome on two occasions at the age of 44 years in the older brother. He was admitted to the hospital with a revascularized myocardial infarction in the right coronary artery by primary angioplasty. The clinical examination was normal, the lipid profile showed hypercholesterolemia (HCT) with low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-CT=3.64 g/L, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-CT=0.32 g/L, and triglyceride (TG)=2.1 g/L. The MedPed score was 12 points with one copy of the LDL receptor gene on the genetic sample. The patient received high-dose lipid-lowering drugs combined with healthy dietary measures. Genetic screening of the rest of the family was performed.\u0000\u0000 Conclusion: Familial hypercholesterolemia is a poorly understood disease, diagnosed late, usually after the onset of complications, requiring early family screening, drug treatment with very potent lipid-lowering drugs at a tolerated effective dose, as early as eight years of age if the diagnosis is confirmed based on the MedPed score.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76280640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectopic pregnancy with implanted gestational sac in the cesarean scar","authors":"Mariana Couto de Moraes, Renata Lopes Furletti Caldeira Diniz, Laura Filgueiras Mourão Ramos, Enzo Furletti Diniz, Paulo Franco Taitson","doi":"10.5348/101382z01mm2023cs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101382z01mm2023cs","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Implantation of a pregnancy in the cesarean scar is considered a rarest presentation of ectopic pregnancy with high morbidity and mortality. The use of imaging tests is capable of early diagnosing such cases and assisting in the management of pregnancy. The present article reports two cases of ectopic pregnancy in the cesarean scar, illustrating the main aspects in ultrasound tomography (UST) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams. In addition, a bibliographic search was carried out in a database that presented data about this clinical condition.\u0000\u0000 Case Series: Case 1: A 44-year-old patient, without comorbidities, G2P1cA0, with a pregnancy of 9w4d, admitted with bleeding for 03 days. Ultrasound tomography showed a single gestational sac with an embryo of anomalous morphology, with no heartbeat and in isthmic topography, in an exophytic position, over the topography of a scar from a previous cesarean section. The initial diagnosis was placental accreta. After MRI of the pelvis, an ectopic pregnancy with a gestational sac implanted in the cesarean section scar (type II—exogenous), with signs of trophoblast/placental accreta. Case 2: A 30-year-old patient, without comorbidities, G2P1c, with a 7w3d pregnancy, with abdominal pain. Ultrasound tomography showed a single gestational sac with a gestational sac implanted in the cesarean section scar, transmural type I (endogenous), which was later confirmed by pelvic MRI.\u0000\u0000 Conclusion: It is necessary to highlight the importance of early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy with implantation in a cesarean scar, given the possibility of making an appropriate therapeutic decision depending on the clinical context, aiming to reduce the possible complications of the condition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80776655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bradyarrhythmia in acute massive pulmonary embolism","authors":"Jia Wei Tan, J. Parekh, Anant Shukla","doi":"10.5348/101381z01jt2023cr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101381z01jt2023cr","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Pulmonary embolism (PE) can present with a variety of electrocardiographic findings. Bradycardia is a rare finding in acute PE, which typically manifests with sinus tachycardia. Bradycardia in acute PE might arise from the physiologic Bezold–Jarisch reflex, which describes the constellation of bradycardia, peripheral vasodilation, and hypotension. We report the case of a woman in her 60s who was admitted initially for submassive PE and found to have sinus bradycardia. She had progressed to massive PE with acute worsening of atrioventricular conduction block in the setting of atrial flutter. Her bradyarrhythmia resolved and hemodynamics improved after catheter directed thrombolysis. This case revisits the pathophysiology of Bezold–Jarisch reflex, and the importance of recognizing that it signifies an underlying pathologic insult, especially a life-threatening one like PE.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90236498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special case of bilateral postaxial longitudinal deficiency in a 3-year-old child","authors":"C. Abourak, A. Lahfidi, Brahim El Hasbaoui, Siham Oukassem, Wouadie Elmenaoui, J. El fenni, M. Edderai","doi":"10.5348/101380z01ca2023cr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101380z01ca2023cr","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Considering the variety of their clinical, radiological, and etiological manifestations, congenital abnormalities of the upper limbs represent complex diseases. They can be separated into brachydactyly, duplication, differentiation failure, and training failure. Ulnar longitudinal deficiency, a deformity that belongs to the first group and is uncommon, manifests differently in the forearm and the hand. Postaxial longitudinal deficiency and unilateral radial humerus synostosis are common diagnoses.\u0000\u0000 Case Report: We present a case of a 3-year-old boy who had radio-humeral synostosis on the right side along with a typical congenital failure of longitudinal bilateral ulnar development.\u0000\u0000 Conclusion: While traditional radiography still plays a significant role in diagnosis and prognosis, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will soon be valuable diagnostic tools. Each case is different, and the treatments and the time of surgery are specific, the optimal treatment remains the prosthetic door; however, the placement of a prosthetic on a sensitive member requires early intervention of the patient and his family.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79456126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated right peroneal mononeuropathy after silent SARS-CoV-2 infection in a child: Case report and review of the literature","authors":"Maria Terzidou, Athina Sygkouna, Marios Thodis, D. Cassimos, E. Mantadakis","doi":"10.5348/101379z01mt2023cr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101379z01mt2023cr","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Peroneal neuropathy is considered as the most common mononeuropathy of the lower extremities, albeit with limited medical documentation. Risk factors include local injuries or recurrent minor trauma, surgery, weight loss, habitual leg crossing, other prolonged postures, or application of inappropriately fitted orthopedic devices that lead to uninterrupted pressure at the fibular head, intoxication, bicycle riding, prolonged anesthesia, lengthy hospitalization, other underlying neuropathies, diabetes mellitus, exposure to cold and irradiation and infection by neurotropic viruses.\u0000\u0000 Case Report: We present a 4-year-old non-immunocompromised boy with an isolated right foot drop. At presentation, he had a characteristic walking that resulted from the inability to bend his right foot upward at the ankle. The foot drop developed gradually over the last week and was not accompanied by other symptoms. A careful history and appropriate serologic and imaging studies ruled out common causes of peroneal neuropathy except for SARS-CoV-2. Indeed, a high titer of specific IgG antibodies to this new coronavirus was detected, despite no history of prior immunization.\u0000\u0000 Conclusion: Peroneal neuropathy may represent one of the many neurological sequelae of infection with SARS-CoV-2; physicians should be aware of this.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"499 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77057924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Massive pleural effusion post-emergency cesarean in undiagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia","authors":"Nurul Liana Roslan, Lim Nikkie, Mahathar Abd Wahab","doi":"10.5348/101378z01nr2023cr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101378z01nr2023cr","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Bochdalek’s hernia is a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) resulting from inadequate closure of the membrane over the left side of the hemidiaphragm. Patients will start to develop symptoms upon displacement of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity. This case report highlights the radiological modality findings that can be used in diagnosing a late-presentation CDH in adults.\u0000\u0000 Case Report: A 35-year-old postpartum woman developed shortness of breath, left-sided chest pain, episodes of vomiting and epigastric tenderness within 24 hours post-emergency cesarean section. An initial diagnosis of left tension hydrothorax was made based on the clinical and radiological findings. Left diagnostic and therapeutic thoracocentesis using landmark technique was performed and brownish fluid was obtained upon aspiration. Post-procedural chest X-ray (CXR) reported cystic-like features over the left hemithorax. Therefore, computed tomography (CT) thorax was proceeded and confirmed the left diaphragmatic hernia with a mediastinal shift to the right. However, the patient’s condition worsened and required emergency open thoracotomy with left diaphragmatic hernia repair. Intraoperative findings showed left Bochdalek’s hernia complicated by multiple visceral organ perforations secondary to previous thoracocentesis. The patient was discharged well after a few weeks of hospital stays.\u0000\u0000 Conclusion: The diagnosis of late-presentation Bochdalek’s diaphragmatic hernia remained challenging and can be easily missed. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation is required prior to performing an invasive diagnostic procedure. Chest X-ray and ultrasound are useful diagnostic aid in the absence of CT thorax and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79069795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontotemporal dementia: From the clinic to the differential diagnosis","authors":"Daniel Antunes Pereira, Shara Aline Bueno Dantas, Marco Antonio Orsini Neves, Everton Gonçalves Pinto, Gilberto Canedo Martins Jr, A. M. da Silva Catharino","doi":"10.5348/101377z01dp2023cr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101377z01dp2023cr","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a disease that encompasses several syndromes that differ in their cognitive, behavioral, language signs, and motor phenomena. Only Alzheimer’s disease causes more early-onset dementia cases than FTD. According to World Health Organization (WHO) projections, dementia rates will double every 20 years and reach 115.4 million people in 2050, ranging from 3% to 26%. The FTD spectrum encompasses three variant syndromes, namely the behavioral variant, the semantic variant, and the non-fluent/agrammatical variant. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration is neuropathologically related to the clinical phenotypes of FTD. Therefore, the frontal and temporal lobes suffer from gliosis and selective neuronal loss due to this neurodegenerative condition.\u0000\u0000 Case Report: A 62-year-old doctor with no comorbidities. According to the family, he reports delivering very slowly, which he doesn’t and comes in the processing very efficiently. He claims that he already lost on the street but managed to restore his visuospatial function. He denies changes in his daily life to recent trauma. Neurological examination revealed impaired attention and behavioral changes, impaired short-term memory (mini-mental: 19/30 points), normal laboratory, regular liquor; skull magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed mild atrophy in the frontotemporal regions. Decreased activity in areas of the cortex was observed by cerebral perfusion scintigraphy.\u0000\u0000 Conclusion: Therefore, this report is relevant because it correlates a patient with neurological examination and tests with a good indication of FTD; however, the diagnosis can be confirmed with greater accuracy through brain perfusion scintigraphy. It is still possible to observe that although there has been a significant increase in the literature on FTD, its variants and its clinic still need further studies regarding their possible differential diagnoses, mainly related to psychiatric disorders and the behavioral variant of FTD.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81657728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac and great vessels pseudoaneurysms and their challenging options of the management in children","authors":"Ghada Shiekheldin M Abdullah, A. Almoukirish, Mohamed Tagaldin, Mashail Bin Obaidan, E. Milad","doi":"10.5348/101376z01ga2023cs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101376z01ga2023cs","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Cardiac and great vessel pseudoaneurysms are often difficult to diagnose and might be easily missed. Delay in diagnosis and management may lead to serious event.\u0000\u0000 Case Series: We are presenting three cases with huge pseudoaneurysms. The clinical approach, diagnostic imaging, and challenging options of management were illustrated. The first case was 12 years old girl presented with clinical features of bacterial endocarditis; echocardiography showed multiple vegetations on mitral valve (MV). She underwent cardiac surgery with removal of vegetation and repair of MV. Three weeks later an echocardiogram revealed a large left ventricle (LV) lateral wall pseudoaneurysm. She underwent aneurysmectomy and repair of LV lateral wall. Second case, a 3 years old girl with history of fever for one month. Echocardiography showed LV pseudoaneurysm and huge pericardial effusion. The pseudoaneurysm entrance was closed percutaneously. The third case was 3-months baby girl diagnosed with aortic coarctation (COA), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and muscular ventricular septal defect. She has repair of COA, pulmonary artery band (PAB), and PDA ligation at three weeks of age. Six weeks later developed sepsis. Echocardiography and CT revealed huge pseudoaneurysm at site of COA repair. Surgical resection of the huge pseudoaneurysm was done.\u0000\u0000 Conclusion: Meticulous evaluation and good utilization of the cardiac diagnostic tools will result in early diagnosis and management of the cardiac and vessel pseudoaneurysms which are usually fatal.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72694356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A series of unfortunate events: Eclampsia with massive post-partum ascites","authors":"Spogmai Saeed Khan, Sher Naidoo Roalkvam, Albert De Ridder Harmse, Y. Saddouk","doi":"10.5348/101375z01sk2023cr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5348/101375z01sk2023cr","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Postpartum ascites in preeclampsia and eclampsia is a rare complication associated with increased maternal morbidity and mortality. Here, we present a case of postpartum ascites, primarily localized in the gastrointestinal interstitium. Medical management with intravenous albumin to increase oncotic pressure, with piggybacked intravenous diuretics to facilitate fluid removal, showed significant clinical improvement.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13833,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Case Reports and Images","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87910144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}