International Journal of Advances in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Understanding functional dyspepsia and its subtypes and the role of prokinetics in its management: a cross-sectional clinician-based survey","authors":"Shrikant Mukewar, Nitesh Pratap, Samit Jain","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233520","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This survey evaluated opinions of consulting physicians or gastroenterologists on functional dyspepsia (FD) in the Indian population and the management of FD with prokinetics, especially itopride. Methods: A total of 243 clinicians involved in the clinical practice of FD were invited to complete an internet-based, structured survey questionnaire. Questionnaire comprised 29 questions on the diagnosis and treatment options for FD. Results: Majority of the clinicians opined that females were more affected by FD than males in both hospital-based (53.4%) and community-based (56.6%) practices. As per 33.3% of clinicians each, the age group of 21-40 years and 41-60 years were the two most commonly affected groups. FD symptoms were present for >6 months before patients seek consultation as reported by 62.6% of the clinicians. The participating clinicians preferred using detailed patient history (77.7%) and ROME IV criteria (71.1%) for diagnosing FD. Prokinetics were regarded as the therapy of choice primarily because of their efficacy in reducing FD symptoms. Among all prokinetics used, itopride was most preferred for postprandial distress syndrome (64.2% clinicians) and for epigastric pain syndrome in combination with PPIs (66.7% clinicians). Itopride was reported by 93.6% clinicians to be well tolerated, with the leading advantage being absence of extrapyramidal or cardiac side effects according to 40% of clinicians. Conclusions: The clinicians considered itopride to be most preferred to reduce FD symptoms and to be well-tolerated when taken alone or in combination with PPIs.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"72 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135540348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of best treatment option in heart failure 2023","authors":"Gerardo Garcia Santiago, Andrea Marin Gomez, Guillermo Avalos Gonzalez, Oscar Jesus Leal Ramos, Alejandra Arias Castro, Mariano Belisario López Pere","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233512","url":null,"abstract":"Congestive heart failure is a clinical condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body because of pathological changes in the myocardium. The three main causes of CHF are coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. US hospitalizations for heart failure decreased up until 2012; however, from 2013 to 2017, an increase in HF hospitalizations was observed. In 2017, there were 1.2 million HF hospitalizations in the United States among 924 000 patients with HF. This represents a 26% increase in HF hospitalizations and number of patients hospitalized with HF. For this reason, as a team, we have decided to conduct a review of the best treatment options for heart failure based on multiple articles.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"41 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135774271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between depression and efavirenz-based antiretroviral treatment in people living with human immune-deficiency virus: a systematic review","authors":"Selvi Hokman, Anak Agung Istri Sri Kumala Dewi","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233208","url":null,"abstract":"The neuropsychiatric disturbance such as depression in people living with (PLHIV) requires serious attention as this affects their health outcome. Efavirenz (EFV)-based treatment has been associated with neuropsychiatric adverse events, but its mechanism still unknown. The purpose of this systematic review is to dissect recent studies regarding EFV and depression, in the hope to discover reasonings behind this association. PRISMA flow chart was used to search for the related literatures in the last five years (2018-2023). Targeted population was PLHIV on EFV-based ART only and/or compared with non-EFV-based ART. Relevant keywords used to search were HIV, efavirenz and depression. Five eligible articles were selected which included a total of 3272 PLHIV. Overall, three studies agreed that EFV-based ART was related to depression, while the other two studies did not. It was shown that EFV-based ART did cause neuropsychiatric adverse effects in the first few weeks of treatment, but subsided after several months. However, longer-term research is needed to determine its long-term effects. Variation of results in different studies must be influenced by the possible genetic factors, baseline depression, different social and psychological circumstances throughout the treatment and different assessment tools for depression. Depression on EFV-based treatment in PLHIV may manifest in the initial few weeks of treatment, and additional research is still needed to determine its effects throughout longer treatment durations. Early diagnosis of depression in PLHIV is essential to decide the best choice of ARV for better outcome.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"31 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health promotion by preventing and curing diseases of various organs, using evolved homeopathy","authors":"Abhijit Biswas, Krishnan Ramasubramanian","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233212","url":null,"abstract":"When a close track is maintained on the health condition of all organs and endocrine systems of any person, no organ degeneration can take place; hence, organ transplant becomes avoidable; and, hence COVID virus doesn’t get a ‘soft’ target in such human bodies. Thus, the requirement of achieving near zero disease-levels of various organs and endocrine systems, has become an important necessity in the COVID era. The methodology of evolved-homeopathy utilizes several specific medicines for prevention of various diseases, according to the first fundamental-principle of cure (“Prevention is better than cure”). True “nipping in the bud” of any disease from a patient’s body is possible only when the treatment starts based not on a patient’s perception of symptom(s) but on a whole-body diagnostic chart generated by a sophisticated device like the GDV (Gas discharge visualization) scanner. It is noteworthy to mention that evolved-homeopathy chooses organ-specific, constitutional and polycrest medicines, from various sources. Based on the experience of the persons who are utilizing the side-effect free preventive and curative medicines of evolved-homeopathy for preventing problems of various organs to achieve near zero disease-level, it is clear that the methodology of evolved-homeopathy for health promotion is very effective. It seems evident that for the sincere followers of the three fundamental-principles of cure as mentioned below, health promotion methodology of evolved-homeopathy is very beneficial. When the condition of near zero disease-levels in the various organs and endocrine systems of a person’s body, is achieved, his/her Physical and mental stamina improves.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"55 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of platelet transfusion in dengue fever: Rangpur community medical college and hospital experience at Rangpur, Bangladesh","authors":"M. Ghulam Yusuf, M. Ahashanur Rahman, Mriganko Bhattacharjee, Amaresh Chandra Shaha","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233204","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus and transmitted by mosquitoes, is a global health concern, causing mild to severe illness. Severe cases lead to thrombocytopenia, a low platelet count that can cause bleeding. Platelet transfusion is debated as a treatment strategy; some studies support its use to prevent bleeding, while others raise concerns about side effects. The aim of the study is to see the effectiveness of platelet transfusion in dengue patients who has a very low platelet count. Methods: This single-center study was conducted at The Department of Medicine, Rangpur Community Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh. A total of 52 patients were enrolled and analyzed in this study from March to August 2023. Results: Most cases are Dengue Fever (86.54%), followed by Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Grade 1 (7.69%) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (5.77%). Bleeding occurred in 15.38% of enrollment. Common symptoms include fever (78.85%), headache (57.69%), cough (67.31%), and myalgia (55.77%). Health parameters include blood pressure (110/70 mm Hg), pulse rate (86.5±12.8 bpm), and temperature (100.5±2.8°F). Investigation findings show S. bilirubin (0.61 mg/dl), S. creatinine (0.94 mg/dl), RBS (120.5 mg/dl), HB% (13.78 g/dl), and PCV (39.75). Platelet counts varied in different conditions, with most responders to platelet transfusion (94.23%) showing no deaths but adverse outcomes related to transfusion reactions (5.77%). Conclusions: The prevalence of dengue fever in Bangladesh necessitates a comprehensive understanding of effective treatment modalities. By examining the outcomes and implications of platelet transfusion in this context, the research seeks to shed light on its effectiveness, thereby informing evidence-based medical practices and improving patient care.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"36 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Wilms tumor gene protein (WT1) in different histologic subtypes of ovarian carcinoma","authors":"M. Zahid Hossain, Mahmuda Naznin, Swapna Majumder, Zahir Al Imran, Mohammad Rabiul Haque","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233206","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ovarian carcinoma is the seventh most common cancer among women worldwide and the eighth leading cause of death. Ovarian cancer develops in the ovary's tissues. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the Department of Pathology, RMC and Department of Pathology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2019 to June 2021 carried out with 31 histopathologically confirmed ovarian carcinomas. All cases were subjected to WT1 immunostaining followed by histopathological examination. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version-23.0. The ethical clearance of this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Rajshahi, Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Results: A total of 31 histopathologically confirmed ovarian carcinoma patients were included in this cross-sectional descriptive study. All cases were subjected to WT1 immunostaining followed by histopathological examination. The age of the study sample ranged from 20 to 75 years. The mean age of the respondent was 45.10±13.78 years. According to the histologic subtypes, WT1 was mainly expressed in serous carcinoma. All the serous carcinoma (16/16) showed a positive reaction for WT1. Among them, 14 cases (87.5%) showed >50% (3+) WT1 score and two (2) cases (12.5%) showed 11% to 50 % (2+) scores. Regarding endometrioid carcinoma four (4) (66.6%) of six (6) were negative whereas one (1) (16.6%) showed 1%-10% (1+) and one (1) (16.6%) showed 11%-50% (2+) WT1 scores. All the mucinous (4/4) and all the clear cell carcinoma (3/3) were negative with less than 1 % of the tumor cells stained two (2) cases of undifferentiated carcinoma were also negative. There was a significant relation between WT1 expression and different histologic subtypes of epithelial ovarian carcinoma with a p value of 0.001 (p<0.05). Conclusions: WT1 can be applied by both the histopathologist and clinician as an effective marker regarding diagnosis and patient management.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"146 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypokalemia, how to clarify and treat: a review article","authors":"Luh Ayu Made Paramita Dwisari Putri, Ketut Suryana","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233211","url":null,"abstract":"Hypokalemia is a frequent electrolyte disturbance in clinical practice and in hospitalized patients. Potassium disturbances are common and have been associated with increased mortality in several populations. The incidence of hypokalemia often occurs refractory and without a clear cause so very difficult to prevent and can increase risk of recurring conditions and require treatment. Through this overview will discuss what are the underlying causes of hypokalemia and what tests are needed to find out the cause of hypokalemia so that it can remind health worker and to prevent recurrence of emergencies conditions due to hypokalemia. The type of study is used literature review. In addition, the purpose of this study method is to reveal various theories that are relevant to the diagnostic approach to determine the causes of hypokalemia so that it can be used as reference material in daily practice. Hypokalemia is usually a sign of various diseases that can cause emergency conditions. If the cause is not known for certain, it will cause recurrent hypokalemia. It is important for health workers to conduct interviews to find out the patient's medical history, physical examination and comprehensive supporting examinations to determine the cause of hypokalemia. Comprehensive management is needed and must be done immediately so that the condition of hypokalemia does not lead to emergency conditions. In some patients, such as in endocrine related hypokalemia cases, multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approach is needed.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of atherogenic indices as a useful marker to predict cardiovascular risk in patients with spondyloarthritis","authors":"Deepti Joy, P. S. Arul Rajamurugan, R. Ramesh, S. Mythili","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233207","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), linked to cholesterol esterification and its correlation with small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in the blood, can predict atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Methods: The study examined 45 SpA patients from the Institute of Rheumatology, RGGGH, and MMC. They underwent baseline assessments, lipid profiles, measurements, and blood tests. Atherogenic indices (AIP, Castelli's Risk I and II, atherogenic coefficient) were calculated and defined using thresholds. Results: In this study, most patients were males (68.9%) with a mean age of 37.73. Primary ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was (62.2%), and HLAB27 was positive in 33.3% of cases. Elevated AI was prevalent: AIP&gt;0.11 (51.1%), CR-I&gt;3.5 (males) or &gt;3.0 (females) (77.8%), CR-II&gt;3.0 (26.7%), and AC&gt;3.0 (44.4%). Significant correlations were found between AIP and waist-hip ratio (p=0.045) and AIP and fasting blood sugar [FBS] (p=0.023). High AIP was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome (21.7%) but not high disease activity. CR-I was associated with elevated FBS levels (p=0.033). CR-II was linked to higher uric acid levels (p=0.043) and current TNF inhibitor use (p=0.041), and AC showed no significant associations with the assessed factors. Conclusions: This study underscores AI's role in assessing cardiovascular risk in spondyloarthritis patients. AIP, CR-I, and CR-II provide vital risk assessment and management insights. AIP effectively identifies metabolic syndrome, while increased Castelli's risk index II warrants further investigation in a broader population, especially among TNF inhibitor users.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"70 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rifampicin induced acute thrombocytopenia with skin rashes: a case report","authors":"Loknath B., Venkateswara Babu","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233210","url":null,"abstract":"Rifampicin is an essential component of the treatment regimen for tuberculosis. Extensive clinical experience has shown that the drug has mild adverse effect, but on rare occasions, it can cause life threatening adverse reactions like thrombocytopenia. Blajchman et al first described rifampicin-induced thrombocytopenia in 1970. Since then, almost 40 cases have been documented in the literature and a recent review by Cooper and Ghanima included rifampicin in the group of not uncommon drugs that cause immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. Diagnosis of drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia is by identifying clinical symptoms and a careful evaluation of the suspected causative drug. The physician treating tuberculosis patients must be aware of this rare life-threatening complication, when we detected early, is completely reversible.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"22 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory symptom and disorder characteristic of farmer who exposed by pesticide","authors":"Ni Wayan Candrawati, Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai, I Desak Putu Agung Krisdanti, Putu Andrika, Diah Permata Kinanti, I Putu Surya Sujana, Ni Putu Ayu Widiasari, Kadek Sri Adiputri","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20233205","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pesticide is related to respiratory diseases; thus, personal protective equipment is very important as a preventive equipment while using pesticide. However, farmers in Indonesia still rarely use PPE when farming for reasons of inconvenience and availability problems. Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. Sampling technique was consecutive sampling. Subject was 62 residents of Sukawana Village, Kintamani, Bangli who work as farmers and used pesticides. Results: Dominant subject never experienced chronic respiratory symptom. The spirometry results showed mean of FVC (L) was 3.50 liters, FVC% was 93.31%, FEV1 (L) was 3.09, FEV1% was 97.64%, FEV1/FVC was 88.72, FEF 25-75% (L/s) was 4.07 liters/second, and FEF 25-75% was 106.95%. Age was significantly related to the occurrence of wheezing but not significantly related to another. Older people have significantly lower mean of FVC (L), FEV 1 (L), and FEF 25-75% (L/s) than younger. Smokers have significantly higher mean of FVC (L) and FEF 25-75% (L/s) than non-smokers. Conclusions: The dominant subject never experienced chronic respiratory symptom with spirometry mean values within normal limits. Age was significantly related to the occurrence of wheezing. Older age has significantly lower mean of FVC (L), FEV 1(L), and FEF 25-75% (L/s).","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"10 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}