Amrita Journal of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Rhinogenic contact point headache in pediatric age: Our experiences at a tertiary care teaching hospital of eastern India","authors":"S. Swain, A. Sahu","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_53_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_53_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Headache is a common clinical entity seen among pediatric patients in routine clinical practice. The pressure of two opposing mucosa in the nasal cavity even in the absence of inflammation can be a cause of headache, which is called a rhinogenic contact point headache. Anatomical variations of the nose such as rhinogenic contact point headache may result in headache due to the contact of the nasal mucosa which often missed during the evaluation of the pediatric patients. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the rhinogenic contact point headache in the pediatric age group. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study and 112 children with rhinogenic contact point headache enrolled in this study. This study conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital during September 2018–October 2021. The anatomical variations of the nose were evaluated with help of diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scan. These anatomical variations in rhinogenic contact point headache were treated surgically. Results: Out of 112 children with rhinogenic contact point headache, 31 (27.67%) had deviated nasal septum, 28 (25%) had septal spur, 20 (17.85%) middle turbinate concha bullosa, 11 (9.82%) enlarged ethmoidal bullosa, 11 (9.82%) had hypertrophied inferior turbinate, 7 (6.25%) had hypertrophied super turbinate, and 4 (3.57%) had nasal septal bullosa. Treatment of each child with rhinogenic contact point was personalized for every patient. Conclusion: Headache is a common clinical symptom and is nearly universal in the life of a child. The contact between opposing mucosa in the nasal cavity in the absence of inflammation can result in headache and/or facial pain in the pediatric age group. Endoscopic excision of the contact points of nasal cavity is effective for the treatment of rhinogenic contact point headaches.","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125069312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A change in seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among healthcare professionals (HCPs) of tertiary care hospital of northern state of India","authors":"D. Kumar, S. Raina, S. Jaryal, Sushant Sharma","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_43_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_43_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: SARS-CoV-2 is being managed rigorously by healthcare professionals (HCPs) making them vulnerable to infection and pose risk for human resource management. Objective: The current study was done to assess the change in seroprevalence, suggesting recent SARS-CoV-2 among HCPs of a tertiary care health facility as per government guidelines. Materials and Methods: Two hospital-based surveys (phase 1: September 2020 to January 2021; phase 2: May to June 2021) were carried out to quantify change in seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCPs. A total of 1279 and 765 HCPs were assessed in first and second phase accordingly. Out of 765, a total of 412 professionals were assessed for serum IgG antibody. Results: Seroprevalence increases from 12.7% to 31.1% from first to second phase of the study. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was found to be significantly high for residents [aOR: 3.57; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17–10.89], nurses (aOR: 3.54; 95% CI: 1.20–10.42), administrative (aOR: 8.18; 95% CI: 1.43–46.53), and laboratory staff (aOR: 6.03, 95% CI: 2.97–16.05). Adjusted odds were observed to be significantly more among participants positive for reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction test (aOR: 6.90; 95% CI: 2.97–16.05) and positive for IgG in P1 (aOR: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.32–5.09). Discussion: HCPs mainly residents, nurses, hospital support, and laboratory staff are observed with increased SARS-CoV-2 infection from first to second phase of the study.","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129693663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study on the association of hypothyroidism with adhesive capsulitis of shoulder","authors":"A. Greeshma, Ravi Sankaran, N. Joseph, Kutickat Surendran","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_20_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_20_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Adhesive capsulitis (AC) is a pathologic condition characterized by pain and limitation of shoulder movements. Thyroid dysfunction often accompanies musculoskeletal disorders, and undiagnosed hypothyroidism can delay response to treatment outcomes. Early diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism in patients with AC of shoulder could help to improve pain and disability. This study was done to assess the association of hypothyroidism with AC of shoulder and to find the correlation of severity of pain and disability in AC with hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: In this case–control study, patients who attended PMR OPD during a period of 2 years with pain and limitation of shoulder movements satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included as cases and patients without AC as controls. Fifty-seven patients were selected as cases and 114 patients as controls. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level and free tetraiodothyronine level were estimated. Shoulder range of motion (ROM) measurement and radiographs were performed in cases, and the TSH values obtained were compared with the severity of ROM restriction, Visual Analog Scale score, and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index Scale (SPADI) score. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Among cases, 8 (14%) patients had hypothyroidism and 16 (28.1%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, and among controls, 4 (3.5%) had hypothyroidism and 9 (7.9%) had subclinical hypothyroidism. Among the 24 patients with elevated TSH, 16 (66.6%) had mild-to-moderate pain and 8 (33.3%) had severe pain. Mean TSH was elevated in patients with severe pain compared with those with mild-to-moderate pain (5.43 ± 2.31 vs. 3.35 ± 2.48 µIU/mL, P = 0.031). TSH levels showed a positive correlation with SPADI pain score (r =0.335, P = 0.011) and SPADI disability score (r = 0.375, P = 0.004), respectively. There was significant restriction in ROM in patients with higher TSH levels (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with AC have higher prevalence of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism compared with those who did not. Patients with higher TSH levels had more severe pain, restriction of movement, and overall disability when compared with euthyroid patients. Proper management of hypothyroidism along with the standard measures of management may result in more speedy relief from symptoms and recovery of function in these patients.","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127665510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis masquerading as Tolosa–Hunt syndrome in an elderly female","authors":"Tilottama Parate, K. Tony, Sonali Chavan, Ankita Khatri","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_12_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_12_21","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (IHCP) is an extremely rare clinical entity of unknown etiology, characterized by a chronic inflammation causing thickening of the dura mater.[1] ICHP can produce similar presentation to Tolosa–Hunt syndrome (THS) if it involves cavernous sinus.[2] THS might represent a focal manifestation of IHCP.[2] The THS is a rare syndrome with an estimated annual incidence of one case per million per year.[3] It typically presents with orbital pain associated with palsy of the third, fourth, or sixth cranial nerve. We present an interesting case of a patient with IHCP associated with THS in an elderly female who responded well to high-dose steroids and in a few days had significant improvement in her retro-orbital pain and ocular movements. The importance of appropriate neuroimaging and serological investigation in patients with suspected THS, role of erythrocyte sedimentation rate in follow-up of these patients, and the relationship between IHCP and THS are discussed.","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115311596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of bilateral foot drop following uncomplicated vaginal delivery: A case report and review of literature","authors":"V. Sharmila, A. Thirunavukkarasu","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_21_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_21_21","url":null,"abstract":"Peroneal neuropathy leading to foot drop is a rare, but preventable, maternal complication following vaginal delivery. Prolonged labor and regional anesthesia during labor are major risk factors for peroneal neuropathy. Obstetric peroneal nerve injury is usually unilateral and is caused by prolonged pressure exerted during full knee flexion in squatting and lithotomy positions while in labor. Bilateral peroneal neuropathies are extremely rare. We report a rare case of bilateral peroneal nerve injury in a 27-year-old primigravida, following spontaneous onset of labor and uncomplicated vaginal delivery.","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130366471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delivering effective e-learning course for medical students","authors":"S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_15_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_15_21","url":null,"abstract":"E-learning has been recognized as an innovative and useful form of learning to the learners and bridges the gap between accessibility and affordability. Even though the number of e-learning courses is mushrooming in the current era, it becomes crucial to ensure that the courses are started after performing a thorough needs assessment and the identification of the potential takers of the course and should have the provision of active engagement of the learners to enhance their learning. A number of strategies have been suggested to ensure that e-learning programs remain interesting and to motivate and involve the learners regardless of their origin. In conclusion, e-learning has emerged as the new face of imparting medical education to students. However, the success and overall utility of the course will depend on the careful planning, involvement of a multidisciplinary team, and active engagement of the learners.","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116089346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An in-vitro comparative evaluation of quantitative release of transforming growth factor β-1 from dentin upon the action of endodontic irrigants, medicaments, ultrasonic activation, and low-level laser irradiation","authors":"A. Akhila, V. Prabath Singh, K. Varma, Senthilvel Vasudevan, V. Sukhithasri, Salu Sasikumar","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_11_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_11_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this article is to evaluate the amount of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF β-1) released from dentin upon the action of various endodontic irrigants, medicaments, ultrasonic activation, and low-level laser irradiation. Materials and Methods: To assess the effect of endodontic irrigants and medicaments on TGF β-1 release, 200 dentin disks of 1 µm thickness prepared from human mandibular premolars were divided into five groups of 40 each. The specimens in the test groups were treated with four reagents: Group A: (2% chlorhexidine gluconate); Group B: (2.5% sodium hypochlorite); Group C: [calcium hydroxide powder (Ca(OH)2)]; Group D: [triple antibiotic paste (TAP) (minocycline 100 mg + ciprofloxacin 200 mg + metronidazole 500 mg)]; and one control reagent group, i.e., Group E: (normal saline). Dentin disks were subsequently treated with 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). To assess the effect of ultrasonic activation and low-level laser irradiation on TGF β-1 release, 90 dentin disks of 1 mm thickness obtained from mandibular premolar roots were divided into 6 groups of 15 disks each: Group 1: (10% EDTA +ultrasonic activation), Group 2: [10% citric acid (CA) + ultrasonic activation], Group 3: (10% EDTA + low-level laser), Group 4: (10% CA+ low-level laser), and two control groups, i.e., Group 5 (10% EDTA) and Group 6 (10% CA). Three subgroups were formed among main groups indicating the region from where the specimens were prepared, namely, coronal, middle, and apical thirds. The irrigation solutions from all the above groups were collected, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at −80°C and later thawed and subjected to growth factor quantification by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test system for TGF β-1. Results: Root canal irrigant 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and intracanal medicament calcium hydroxide both showed an inducing effect on TGF β-1 release, giving a maximum value of 0.741 ng/mL. The least value of 0.0823 ng/mL was given by 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, showing its negative impact on growth factor release. TAP showed a neutral effect similar to that of the control group (normal saline), giving a value of 0.247 ng/mL. Ultrasonic activation and low-level laser irradiation of EDTA and CA have both improved TGF β-1 release from dentin. Conclusion: Chlorhexidine gluconate and calcium hydroxide exerted a positive influence on TGF β-1 release from dentin, whereas sodium hypochlorite retarded its release and TAP gave a neutral impact similar to normal saline. Ultrasonic activation and low-level laser irradiation can enhance TGF β-1 expression. There is no significant difference in the growth factor release among the different regions of root dentin.","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121670687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic determinants of tuberculosis burden in India","authors":"M. Roy","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_17_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_17_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB), the eighth common cause of disability-adjusted life years in India, is a major problem for public health. Social factors such as economic condition and smoking have been implicated among the risk factors for TB. This paper reports the role of different sociodemographic factors in deciding the burden of TB in India. Materials and Methods: In an ecological approach, data from major national surveys were analyzed: National Family Health Survey 4, Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2, and India: Health of the Nation’s States. Spearman correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression were used for state-wise analysis. Results: North India seems to be the major contributor to the national TB burden. Several factors such as the use of clean fuel, tobacco use, and economic condition were seen to impact TB burden. On multivariate analysis, only clean fuel was found to be significant (r = −0.540, P = 0.002). Conclusion: A multi-pronged approach for appropriate policy decisions for focussing on sociodemographic factors is the need of the hour for reducing the mortality burden due to TB.","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134061142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mentor–learner web discussions: A unique component of FAIMER fellowship to enhance the professional expertise of the faculty members","authors":"S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_24_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_24_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127414920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Infection masquerading as bilateral pulmonary embolism: A rare case report and review of literature","authors":"Yajur Arya, Gautam Jesrani, Monica Gupta, A. Syal","doi":"10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_22_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/AMJM.AMJM_22_21","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 infection is an established culprit responsible for a multitude of devastating vascular complications such as venous thrombosis of the extremities and other vascular organs. Dislodgment of these thrombi and extension of damage to other organ systems, particularly pulmonary, are quite uncommon. The occurrence of bilateral pulmonary embolism (PE) without concurrent deep vein thrombosis is, however, rare and reported in only a few case reports. Here we are narrating a case of a 40-year-old male, who suffered from novel COVID-19 infection and unfortunately presented with bilateral submassive PE. Our patient was aggressively managed medically and had a splendid recovery in terms of symptoms with an excellent outcome.","PeriodicalId":138060,"journal":{"name":"Amrita Journal of Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116760368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}