International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry最新文献_第3页

Effect of Molecular Sizes of Chondroitin Sulfate on Interaction with L-Selectin 硫酸软骨素分子大小对l -选择素相互作用的影响

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2013-05-08 DOI: 10.1155/2013/856142

N. Igarashi, Atsuko Takeguchi, Shinobu Sakai, H. Akiyama, Kyohei Higashi, T. Toida

{"title":"Effect of Molecular Sizes of Chondroitin Sulfate on Interaction with L-Selectin","authors":"N. Igarashi, Atsuko Takeguchi, Shinobu Sakai, H. Akiyama, Kyohei Higashi, T. Toida","doi":"10.1155/2013/856142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/856142","url":null,"abstract":"Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chain of proteoglycans (PGs) which are widely distributed in the extracellular matrix and at cell surface. CS shows a highly structural diversity in not only molecular weight (MW) but sulfonation pattern. CS has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory activity by having effects on cytokine production by helper T cells. In this study, we focused on the structures of CS chains, especially MW of CS, and investigated effect of the different MW of CS on binding affinity with L-selectin and cytokine production by murine splenocytes. Firstly, we fractionated CS by employing gel　filtration chromatography and obtained several CS fractions with different MW. Then the interaction between fractionated CS and L-selectin was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Finally, the influence of MW of CS on cytokine production by murine splenocytes was investigated in vitro. The results showed that interferon-gamma production was significantly increased by mouse splenocytes cocultivated with CS. On the contrary, CS inhibited interleukin 5 production by murine splenocytes depending on MW of the cocultivated CS. These results strongly indicate the existence of the optimal molecular size for an anti-inflammatory effect of CS through cytokine production by murine splenocytes.","PeriodicalId":13788,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88074146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Certain Rheological Aspects of Functionalized Guar Gum 功能化瓜尔胶的流变学研究

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2013-04-24 DOI: 10.1155/2013/463907

M. Kapoor, D. Khandal, Ruchi Gupta, P. Arora, Geetha Seshadri, S. Aggarwal, R. K. Khandal

引用次数: 5

Development and Characterization of Semi-IPN Silver Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Antibacterial Applications 抗菌用半ipn银纳米复合水凝胶的研制与表征

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2013-03-21 DOI: 10.1155/2013/243695

A. Chandra Babu, M. Prabhakar, A. Suresh Babu, B. Mallikarjuna, M. Subha, K. Chowdoji Rao

引用次数: 24

Analysis by Vibrational Spectroscopy of Seaweed Polysaccharides with Potential Use in Food, Pharmaceutical, and Cosmetic Industries 海藻多糖的振动光谱分析及其在食品、制药和化妆品行业的潜在应用

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2013-03-12 DOI: 10.1155/2013/537202

L. Pereira, S. Gheda, P. Ribeiro-Claro

引用次数: 185

The Effect of Tribomechanical Micronization and Activation on Rheological, Thermophysical, and Some Physical Properties of Tapioca Starch 摩擦力学微粉化和活化对木薯淀粉流变学、热物理和某些物理性质的影响

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2013-03-12 DOI: 10.1155/2013/657951

Z. Herceg, Verica Batur, A. Jambrak, T. Vukušić, Ines Gmajnički, Igor Špoljarić

{"title":"The Effect of Tribomechanical Micronization and Activation on Rheological, Thermophysical, and Some Physical Properties of Tapioca Starch","authors":"Z. Herceg, Verica Batur, A. Jambrak, T. Vukušić, Ines Gmajnički, Igor Špoljarić","doi":"10.1155/2013/657951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/657951","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of tribomechanical treatments on rheological, thermophysical, and some physical properties of tapioca starch. Samples of tapioca starch were treated using laboratory equipment for tribomechanical micronization and activation (TMA equipment). Before and after the TMA treatment, analysis of the particle size and particle size distribution was carried out, in addition to scanning electron micrography in tapioca starch. Scanning electron micrography showed that tribomechanical processing of tapioca starch resulted in breaking accumulations of starch granules in the form of granules. Pasting parameters have shown that maximal viscosities of model starch suspension have been decreasing after tribomechanical treatment. On the basis of gelatinization curves, it can be concluded that there are changes in the gelatinization point after treatment, and there is decrease in enthalpy of gelatinization for model suspension. After tribomechanical treatment, changes in physical properties of starch suspensions were determined, as well as specific swelling capacity, solubility index, and turbidity of tapioca starch suspensions.","PeriodicalId":13788,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90212590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Production methods for hyaluronan 透明质酸的生产方法

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2013-03-05 DOI: 10.1155/2013/624967

C. Boeriu, J. Springer, F. Kooy, L. A. Broek, G. Eggink

{"title":"Production methods for hyaluronan","authors":"C. Boeriu, J. Springer, F. Kooy, L. A. Broek, G. Eggink","doi":"10.1155/2013/624967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/624967","url":null,"abstract":"Hyaluronan is a polysaccharide with multiple functions in the human body being involved in creating flexible and protective layers in tissues and in many signalling pathways during embryonic development, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer. Hyaluronan is an important component of active pharmaceutical ingredients for treatment of, for example, arthritis and osteoarthritis, and its commercial value far exceeds that of other microbial extracellular polysaccharides. Traditionally hyaluronan is extracted from animal waste which is a well-established process now. However, biotechnological synthesis of biopolymers provides a wealth of new possibilities. Therefore, genetic/metabolic engineering has been applied in the area of tailor-made hyaluronan synthesis. Another approach is the controlled artificial (in vitro) synthesis of hyaluronan by enzymes. Advantage of using microbial and enzymatic synthesis for hyaluronan production is the simpler downstream processing and a reduced risk of viral contamination. In this paper an overview of the different methods used to produce hyaluronan is presented. Emphasis is on the advancements made in the field of the synthesis of bioengineered hyaluronan.","PeriodicalId":13788,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75244337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 136

Latent Fingerprint Enhancement Using Tripolyphosphate-Chitosan Microparticles 三聚磷酸盐-壳聚糖微颗粒的指纹增强研究

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2013-02-21 DOI: 10.1155/2013/615124

Issa M. A. Il Dueik, G. Morris

引用次数: 7

Acetylation of Wood Flour from Four Wood Species Grown in Nigeria Using Vinegar and Acetic Anhydride 用醋和醋酸酐对尼日利亚四种木材制成的木粉进行乙酰化

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2013-01-10 DOI: 10.1155/2013/141034

Y. Azeh, G. Olatunji, C. Mohammed, P. Mamza

{"title":"Acetylation of Wood Flour from Four Wood Species Grown in Nigeria Using Vinegar and Acetic Anhydride","authors":"Y. Azeh, G. Olatunji, C. Mohammed, P. Mamza","doi":"10.1155/2013/141034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/141034","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of acetylation on pretreated wood flour of four different wood species, Boabab (Adansonia digitata), Mahoganny (Daniella oliveri), African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) and Beech wood (Gmelina arborea), had been investigated. The first batch of wood species were acetylated using acetic anhydride while the second batch were acetylated with commercial vinegar. Both experiments were conducted in the presence of varying amount of CaCl2 as catalyst and at temperature of 120°C for 3 h. The success of acetylation was determined based on Weight Percent Gain for each sample treated with either chemicals used. FT-IR, a veritable tool was used for the analysis of both treated and untreated samples to further investigate the success of acetylation. The results showed the presence of important band such as carbonyl absorptions at 1743, 1744, 1746, 1731, 1718 and 1696 cm−1 as appeared separately in the spectra of acetylated samples, confirming esterification occurred. The purpose of this work was to investigate the applicability of vinegar for acetylation of lignocellulosic fibers. Blends/composites were prepared by solution casting and their kinetics investigated in distilled water. The results indicated they could be used in outdoor applications such as, decking and packaging.","PeriodicalId":13788,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry","volume":"32 1","pages":"147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78088218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Factors Involved in the In Vitro Fermentability of Short Carbohydrates in Static Faecal Batch Cultures 影响粪便静态间歇培养短碳水化合物体外发酵能力的因素

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2012-12-18 DOI: 10.1155/2012/197809

Eva Gietl, W. Mengerink, J. D. Slegte, G. Gibson, R. Rastall, E. Heuvel

{"title":"Factors Involved in the In Vitro Fermentability of Short Carbohydrates in Static Faecal Batch Cultures","authors":"Eva Gietl, W. Mengerink, J. D. Slegte, G. Gibson, R. Rastall, E. Heuvel","doi":"10.1155/2012/197809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/197809","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, research has focused on the positive effects of prebiotics on intestinal health and gut microbiota. The relationship between their chemical structure and their fermentation pattern by human intestinal microbiota is still not well understood. The aim of this study was to improve understanding of this relationship and identify factors that may be used to design galactooligosaccharides that reach more distal regions than commercial prebiotics which mainly target the proximal colon. The following factors were investigated: monomer type, linkage, substitution, and degree of polymerisation. Total organic acid production from sugars by faecal bacteria was fitted to a model which allowed an estimate of the time when half of the maximal organic acid concentration was reached (T50) in static faecal batch cultures. The different factors can be grouped by their effectiveness at prolonging fermentation time as follows: substitution is most effective, with methylgalactose, -galactose-pentaacetate, D-fucose, and galactitol fermented more slowly than D-galactose. Monomers and linkage also influence fermentation time, with L rhamnose, arabinose, melezitose, and xylose being fermented significantly slower than D-glucose (), maltose, isomaltose, cellobiose, and gentiobiose showing that Glc1-6Glc and Glc1-4Glc were utilised slowest. Chain length had the smallest effect on fermentation time.","PeriodicalId":13788,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85115391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

ZnO Nanoparticles-Chitosan Composite as Antibacterial Finish for Textiles 纳米氧化锌-壳聚糖复合织物抗菌整理剂研究

International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry Pub Date : 2012-12-12 DOI: 10.1155/2012/693629

A. Farouk, Shaaban H. Moussa, M. Ulbricht, T. Textor

{"title":"ZnO Nanoparticles-Chitosan Composite as Antibacterial Finish for Textiles","authors":"A. Farouk, Shaaban H. Moussa, M. Ulbricht, T. Textor","doi":"10.1155/2012/693629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/693629","url":null,"abstract":"The antibacterial performance of sol-gel-derived inorganic-organic hybrid polymers filled with ZnO nanoparticles-chitosan against a gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli and a gram-positive Micrococcus luteus has been investigated. Three different molecular weights (MW) of chitosan (CTS) 1.36 · 105, 2.2 · 105, and 3.0 · 105 Da with equal degree of deacetylation (DD, 85%) (coded as S 85-60, He 85-250, and He 85-500) with equal degree of deacetylation (DD, 85%) were examined. ZnO was prepared by the base hydrolysis of zinc acetate in isopropanol using lithium hydroxide (LiOH · H2O) to hydrolyze the precursor. Sol-gel-based inorganic-organic hybrid polymers were modified with these oxides and were applied to cellulosic cotton (100%) and cotton/polyester (65/35%) fabrics. Inorganic-organic hybrids polymers were based on 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Bacteriological tests were performed in nutrient agar media on solid agar plates and in liquid broth systems using ZnO nanoparticles with average particle size of (40 nm). Our study showed the enhanced antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles chitosan (different MW) of against a gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli DSMZ 498 and a gram-positive Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 in repeated experiments. The antibacterial activity of textile treated with ZnO nanoparticles chitosan increases with decreasing the molecular weight of chitosan.","PeriodicalId":13788,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86715480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51