Intensive Care Medicine Experimental最新文献

{"title":"Approximation of EVLWI in severe COVID-19 pneumonia using quantitative imaging techniques: an observational study.","authors":"Jonas Biehler, Marie Brei, Nina Pischke, Sebastian Rasch, Miriam Dibos, Johanna Erber, Roland M Schmid, Rickmer F Braren, Markus R Makowski, Karl-Robert Wichmann, Kei Wieland Mueller, Wolfgang A Wall, Tobias Lahmer","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00752-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40635-025-00752-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to approximate the level of extravascular lung water (EVLW) in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia using quantitative imaging techniques. The elevation of EVLW is known to correlate with the degree of diffuse alveolar damage and linked with the mortality of critically ill patients. Transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) is the gold standard technique to estimate the total amount of EVLW, but it is invasive and requires specialized equipment and trained personnel.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included patients with severe COVID-19 who required chest CT scanning within the first 48 h of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and had TPTD monitoring. Using in-house software tools for automatic semantic segmentation, lung masks were obtained for estimating the EVLW content. The results were compared with the TPTD measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrate a significant correlation between EVLW-TPTP measured by thermodilution and EVLW-CT estimated from the patient's CT-image (r = 0.629, p = 0.0014).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed that quantitative imaging techniques using chest CT-scans could be used as a convenient and low-cost option for ICUs without TPTD equipment for the assessment of EVLW in severe COVID-19 pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical power and VILI: navigating heterogeneity in critical illness.","authors":"Glauco M Plens, Eduardo Leite Vieira Costa","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00760-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40635-025-00760-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of extended intravenous diclofenac infusions on brain tissue oxygenation in patients with acute brain injury.","authors":"Julian Klug, David Cortier, Stefan Wolf, Emmanuel Carrera, Charles Cerf, Urs Pietsch","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00759-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40635-025-00759-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fever is associated with worse outcomes in patients with acute brain injury. Diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is commonly used as antipyretic therapy. As evidence emerged that short diclofenac infusions (< 1 h) decrease brain tissue oxygen (PtO2) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), clinical practice has shifted to extended infusions (12 h). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of extended diclofenac infusion for the treatment of fever on cerebral perfusion and tissue oxygenation after acute brain injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of prospectively collected data from a cohort of 18 patients with acute brain injury and PtO2 monitoring admitted between November 2018 and April 2024. The hour before and the 12 h during an extended diclofenac infusion were compared. Additionally, we compared the 12 h prior and 12 h during the diclofenac infusion. Cerebral autoregulation and metabolites obtained by microdialysis were assessed in a subgroup of patients. Thirty-nine interventions were analyzed. Core temperature decreased from 38.1°C in the hour before to 37.4 °C during an extended diclofenac infusion (p < 0.0001). ICP (11.0 vs 10.0 mmHg, p < 0.0001) and heart rate (84 vs. 77 bpm, p < 0.0001) decreased. CPP and PaCO2 did not vary significantly. PtO2 decreased from 23.1 mmHg (IQR 19.0-31.4) during fever peak to 21.7 mmHg (IQR 17.8-27.2) (p < 0.0001). Median PtO2 during the 12 h before diclofenac was 23.3 mmHg (IQR 18.9-30.5). In a multivariable analysis the effect of treatment was significantly influenced by heart rate and temperature (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Extended diclofenac infusions for the treatment of fever in patients with acute brain injury achieve a clinically significant reduction in temperature but are associated with a small decrease in PtO2, even in the setting of maintained CPP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the ArtekMed mixed reality teleconsultation system with a standard video call system in critical care: user acceptance and feasibility analysis.","authors":"Nadine Liebchen, Julia Schrader-Reichling, Frieder Pankratz, Marc Lazarovici, Selina Kim, Jennifer Tempfli, Ulrich Eck, Stephan Prückner","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00758-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-025-00758-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Telementoring and teleconsultation are increasingly employed for collaboration within the healthcare system. The ArtekMed alliance project has developed a mixed reality (MR) teleconsultation system for intensive care units (ICU) using virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), facilitating real-time interaction between the real world and its reconstructed virtual model, shared by two or more coworkers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to explore the feasibility and user acceptance of the ArtekMed MR teleconsultation system in a critical care setting and compare it to a standard teleconsultation system using a simulated video call.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A randomized cross-over study was conducted in a local simulation center: A remote expert (VR user) solved four clinical scenarios, each involving the treatment of an ICU patient with respiratory failure in collaboration with a local practitioner as facilitator (AR user). They used either the MR system (intervention) or a simulated video call (control). A mixed-methods approach was followed to explore structured pre- and post-trial interviews with qualitative and quantitative analyses including standardized usability scores (NASA Task Load Index, System Usability Scale SUS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five professionals with intensive care experience completed 100 simulated scenarios. The ArtekMed system achieved an average SUS score of 66, while the simulated video call system was rated almost excellent (SUS score: 84). In three out of four scenarios, the perceived workload using the MR teleconsultation system did not significantly differ from the workload using the standard video call. Most users rated working with both teleconsultation systems positively and anticipated increased efficiency and feasibility with greater familiarity with the MR system. Common issues included visual impairment due to insufficient graphical resolution and unfamiliarity with handling the equipment. 80% of the participants expressed willingness to incorporate the system into their ICU work.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collaboration in the ICU using a real-time MR teleconsultation system was rated as a promising technology by the majority of the participants for future use. Technical imperfections seem to prevent further implementation at this stage. Thus, the MR reconstruction needs improvement before clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex- and age-related differences in LPS-induced lung injury: establishing a mouse intensive care unit.","authors":"Chantal Crispens, Emilia Fleckenstein, Annett Wilken-Schmitz, Sandra Weber, Michael Gröger, Andrea Hoffmann, Peter Radermacher, Lucy Kathleen Reiss, Steven R Talbot, Laura Kästner, Kernt Köhler, Kai Zacharowski, Andreas von Knethen, Ulrike Heinicke","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00756-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-025-00756-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mouse models are widely used to establish new therapy concepts for acute lung injury, but the transfer of therapeutic approaches into the intensive care unit often failed. To establish a mouse intensive care unit to adequately reflect the patient's situation and to investigate sex- and age-related differences in response to lipopolysaccharide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For the establishment of a mouse intensive care unit, young (2-3 months) and old (15-18 months) mice of both sexes received continuous respiratory and cardiovascular monitoring for 6 h. Mimicking an acute lung injury by intratracheal lipopolysaccharide stimulation for 6 or 24 h, the impact of sex and age on survival and physiological parameters was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The establishment revealed sex- and age-related differences in physiological responses during mechanical ventilation, with old males requiring more noradrenaline to maintain stable hemodynamics. While young mice, irrespective of sex, developed acute lung injury 24 h after lipopolysaccharide administration, old mice exhibited a rapid systemic response, showing signs of lactic acidosis and endotoxemia. Among these, old females had the highest mortality risk, whereas in old males, mechanical ventilation provided effective support, contributing to improved survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We successfully established a mouse intensive care unit that integrated all critical aspects of a human intensive care unit simultaneously. By highlighting sex- and age-related differences following lipopolysaccharide stimulation and mechanical ventilation, our study underscored the need for diversity in preclinical models to improve translation of findings on critical illnesses like acute lung injury into clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Expiratory time constants in mechanically ventilated patients: rethinking the old concept-a narrative review.","authors":"Filip Depta, Richard H Kallet, Michael A Gentile, Elias N Baedorf Kassis","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00757-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-025-00757-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic effects of high-dose glucocorticoid following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.","authors":"Rasmus Paulin Beske, Laust Emil Roelsgaard Obling, Martin Abild Stengaard Meyer, Jacob Eifer Møller, Jesper Kjaergaard, Pär Ingemar Johansson, Christian Hassager","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00754-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-025-00754-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Patients resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) face high morbidity and mortality rates, primarily due to ischemia-reperfusion injury, a complex metabolic disorder that triggers a significant systemic inflammatory response. Glucocorticoids mitigate inflammation but also impact the cells beyond the immune response. This study aims to identify glucocorticoid effects on plasma metabolites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This explorative sub-study is part of a two-center, blinded, randomized controlled trial (NCT04624776) examining the effects of high-dose glucocorticoid on comatose patients resuscitated from OHCA of presumed cardiac origin. Following resuscitation, patients received 250 mg of methylprednisolone or a placebo in the prehospital setting. Blood samples were collected upon hospital admission and 48 h later. Sixty metabolites were quantified in the plasma using mass spectrometry and compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the modified intention-to-treat population, 68 patients received methylprednisolone, and 69 received placebo [median age was 66 years (IQR: 56-74) and 83% were men]. Blood samples were available for 130 patients, 121 (88%) at admission and 117 patients (94% of patients alive) after 48 h. Although a nominal difference was observed at admission, no significant metabolic effects were found after correcting for multiple testing. After 48 h, the placebo group had 83.4% (95% CI 16.9-187.6%) higher prostaglandin E2 and higher levels of linolenic acid and arachidonic acid. The methylprednisolone group had higher levels of tryptophan (47.6%; 95% CI 27.9-70.2%), arginine, and propionylcarnitine (C3).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this exploratory study, early administration of 250 mg of methylprednisolone after resuscitation appeared to drive sustained metabolic effects over 48 h. Specifically, methylprednisolone led to reductions in ω-6 fatty acids and increases in several amino acids, with a notable rise in tryptophan.</p>","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slow releasing sulphide donor GYY4137 protects mice against ventilator-induced lung injury.","authors":"Lilly Veskemaa, Mahdi Taher, Jan Adriaan Graw, Adrian Gonzalez-Lopez, Roland C E Francis","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00753-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-025-00753-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cyclic stretching of the lung during mechanical ventilation induces inflammation that contributes to the development of ventilator induced lung injury. Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter known for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the administration of exogenous H₂S is constrained by its narrow therapeutic window, rapidly leading to potentially toxic peak concentrations. Alternatively, slow-release sulphide donors, such as GYY4137, offer a more controlled delivery. The primary aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of GYY4137 in mitigating VILI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anaesthetised male C57BL/6 J mice were pretreated with an intraperitoneal injection of GYY4137 (50 mg/kg, n = 14) or an equivalent volume of phosphate-buffered saline (controls, n = 13) and were then subjected to high tidal volume ventilation (V_T 40-42.5 ml/kg) for a maximum of 4 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GYY4137 pretreatment led to a notable 50% increase in survival rates compared to controls (p = 0.0025). It also improved arterial oxygenation after high V_T ventilation, with arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) of 64 mmHg (IQR 49-125 mmHg) vs. 44 mmHg (IQR 42-51 mmHg) in controls (p < 0.001). Additionally, GYY4137 reduced total protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by 30% (p = 0.024) and lowered IL-1β levels by 40% (p = 0.006). GYY4137 mitigated the decline in dynamic respiratory system compliance caused by high V_T ventilation, showing values of 24 μl/cmH₂O (IQR 22-27) compared to 22 μl/cmH₂O (IQR 22-24) in controls (p = 0.017). GYY4137 had minimal effects on antioxidant gene expression related to the erythroid nuclear factor 2, and it did not affect glutathione metabolism, the nuclear factor kappa B pathway, or the endoplasmic reticulum stress response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this mouse model of VILI, pretreatment with GYY4137 showed protective effects. GYY4137 significantly improved survival. It also improved arterial blood oxygenation and dynamic respiratory system compliance, and mitigated the development of lung oedema and inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Expiratory time constants in mechanically ventilated patients rethinking the old concept: a narrative review\".","authors":"Rachana Mehta, Shubham Kumar, Ranjana Sah, Edward Mawejje","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00751-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-025-00751-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial response to positive end-expiratory pressure is influenced by lung recruitability and gas distribution during mechanical ventilation in acute brain injury patients: a proof-of-concept physiological study.","authors":"Reka Bencze, Rafael Kawati, Anders Hånell, Anders Lewen, Per Enblad, Henrik Engquist, Kristin Jona Bjarnadottir, Odin Joensen, Annelie Barrueta Tenhunen, Filip Freden, Laurent Brochard, Gaetano Perchiazzi, Mariangela Pellegrini","doi":"10.1186/s40635-025-00750-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-025-00750-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intracranial pressure (ICP) dynamics in patients with acute brain injury (ABI) remains controversial. PEEP can benefit oxygenation by promoting alveolar recruitment, but its influence on ICP is complex. The primary aims of this study were to investigate 1) how lung recruitability influences oxygenation and 2) how lung recruitability and regional gas distribution, measured via recruitment-to-inflation (RI) ratio and electrical impedance tomography (EIT), affect ICP in response to PEEP changes in critically ill patients in their early phase of ABI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten mechanically ventilated ABI patients were included. Pressure reactivity index (PRx) was estimated. Using RI manoeuvre and EIT, lung recruitability and gas distribution were assessed in response to a standardised PEEP change (from high to low levels, with a delta of 10 cmH₂O). Changes in ICP (ΔICP) were calculated between high and low PEEP. Lung inhomogeneity indices (global inhomogeneity index [GI] and local inhomogeneity index [LI]) were derived from EIT. Correlations between ventilatory variables and ICP were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Blood oxygenation significantly decreased, going from high (14 [IQR: 12-15] cmH₂O) to low (4 [IQR: 2-5] cmH₂O) PEEP. Reducing PEEP significantly increased ICP (from 9 [IQR: 5-13] to 12 [IQR: 8-16] mmHg, p < 0.01), while cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) improved (from 71 [IQR:67-83] to 75 [IQR: 70-84] mmHg, p = 0.03) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased (from 79 [IQR: 69-95] to 84 [IQR: 76-99] mmHg, p < 0.01). The RI ratio correlated significantly with ΔICP (rho = 0.87, p < 0.01), as did Vrec% (proportion of recruited volume, rho = 0.65) and GI (rho = 0.5). LI did not correlate with ΔICP. PRx was 0.30 [IQR: 0.12-0.42], indicating a deranged cerebral autoregulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with a higher potential for lung recruitability had a more beneficial effect of PEEP on oxygenation. These effects should be interpreted cautiously, given that lung recruitability and global inhomogeneity of gas distribution significantly influenced the intracranial response to PEEP in ABI patients. As indicated by MAP and CPP, PEEP may impact systemic haemodynamics and cerebral perfusion when cerebral autoregulation is deranged. These findings underscore the importance of multimodal (i.e. respiratory, cerebral and haemodynamics) monitoring for optimising ventilation strategies in ABI patients and provide a framework for future research. Trial registration Registration number: NCT05363085, Date of registration: May 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":13750,"journal":{"name":"Intensive Care Medicine Experimental","volume":"13 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}