Interdisciplinary Toxicology最新文献_第8页

Content of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural in biscuits for kids. 儿童饼干中5-羟甲基-2-糠醛的含量。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0011

Blanka Švecová, Mojmír Mach

{"title":"Content of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural in biscuits for kids.","authors":"Blanka Švecová, Mojmír Mach","doi":"10.1515/intox-2017-0011","DOIUrl":"10.1515/intox-2017-0011","url":null,"abstract":"5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF) is a thermal decomposition product of saccharides. There are two main ways for the formation of 5-HMF. First, 5-HMF is forming during Maillard reaction and second, during thermic dehydration of saccharides under acid conditions. Significant parameters of 5-HMF formation are temperature, time, pH, water activity, type of saccharide and amino acids. It is suspected that 5-HMF has genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. This chemical can be found in many food sources, e.g. honey, dried fruits, fruit juice and concentrates, alcoholic beverages, bakery products, roasted nuts and seeds, brown sugar, and milk. The present study aimed to determine the amount of 5-HMF in children´s biscuits. The examined samples were divided into three groups. The first group of biscuits claimed availability for children older than six months, the second for children older than one year. The third group did not give a determined age range. For the assessment of 5-HMF, a HPLC method with UV/VIS detection was used. In the first group of samples, the amount of 5-HMF ranged from 0.34±0.04 to 1.73±0.03 mg/kg, in the second group from 0.57±0.09 to 1.78±0.07 mg/kg, and in the third group the amounts of 5-HMF were from 1.80±0.05 to 34.99±0.22 mg/kg. In conclusion, the results showed that the content of 5-HMF in biscuits without age group determination was significantly higher than in biscuits with declared availability for children older than six months or one year. Since the acceptable daily intake is 2 mg/kg bw, the established amount of 5-HMF in all samples cannot be regarded as dangerous in a normal dose of biscuits.","PeriodicalId":13715,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Toxicology","volume":"10 2","pages":"66-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4c/3e/ITX-10-66.PMC6096856.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36410692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

The effects of berberine on reactive oxygen species production in human neutrophils and in cell-free assays. 小檗碱对人中性粒细胞和无细胞测定中活性氧产生的影响。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0010

Rami B Kassab, Ondrej Vasicek, Milan Ciz, Antonin Lojek, Tomas Perecko

{"title":"The effects of berberine on reactive oxygen species production in human neutrophils and in cell-free assays.","authors":"Rami B Kassab, Ondrej Vasicek, Milan Ciz, Antonin Lojek, Tomas Perecko","doi":"10.1515/intox-2017-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2017-0010","url":null,"abstract":"The health benefits of berberine have been recognized for years. Even so, its effects on human neutrophils, the first line of immune defense, have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of berberine on the human neutrophil oxidative burst. Reactive oxygen species production was analyzed by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. The analysis was performed in spontaneous and stimulated (phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or opsonized zymosan particles (OZP)) whole blood and isolated neutrophils in the presence or absence of berberine. The effects of berberine on oxidant production in cell-free assays were evaluated using luminescence (H2O2-peroxidase-luminol) and fluorescence (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity - ORAC) techniques. Berberine decreased the production of reactive oxygen species in human whole blood and isolated neutrophils stimulated with either PMA or OZP with a different efficiency (EC50 was 69 μM and 197 μM for PMA and OZP, respectively). The effect was more pronounced in isolated neutrophils. Cell-free assays showed the antioxidant activity of berberine against peroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide. Based on our results, we suggest that the effects of berberine on reactive oxygen species production in human neutrophils are due to its antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":13715,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Toxicology","volume":"10 2","pages":"61-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/intox-2017-0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36410691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Pharmacological intervention with oxidative burst in human neutrophils. 人类中性粒细胞氧化爆发的药物干预。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0009

Rado Nosáí, Katarína DráBiková, Viera Jančinová, Tatiana Mačičková, Jana Pečivová, Tomáš Perečko, Juraj Harmatha

{"title":"Pharmacological intervention with oxidative burst in human neutrophils.","authors":"Rado Nosáí, Katarína DráBiková, Viera Jančinová, Tatiana Mačičková, Jana Pečivová, Tomáš Perečko, Juraj Harmatha","doi":"10.1515/intox-2017-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2017-0009","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we investigated the effect of five therapeutically used drugs and four natural polyphenolic compounds on the mechanism of oxidative burst of human neutrophils concerning their participation in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The compounds investigated decreased the oxidative burst of whole blood in the rank order of potency: N-feruloylserotonin > quercetin > curcumin > arbutin > dithiaden > carvedilol. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species in isolated neutrophils decreased in the same rank order, while carvedilol was ineffective. Scavenging of extracellular oxygen radicals followed the rank order of potency: N-feruloylserotonin > curcumin > quercetin > dithiaden. Arbutin and carvedilol had no effect. All compounds tested increased the activity of caspase-3 in cell-free system indicating a positive effect on apoptosis of neutrophils. Activation of protein kinase C was significantly decreased by dithiaden, curcumin, quercetin and N-feruloylserotonin. Carvedilol, dithiaden, quercetin and arbutin reduced activated neutrophil myeloperoxidase release more significantly compared with their less pronounced effect on superoxide generation The presented results are indicative of pharmacological intervention with neutrophils in pathological processes. Of particular interest was the effect of natural compounds. Intracellular inhibition of oxidative burst in isolated neutrophils by the drugs tested and natural antioxidants has to be further analysed since ROS play an important role in immunological responses of neutrophils.","PeriodicalId":13715,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Toxicology","volume":"10 2","pages":"56-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/19/81/ITX-10-56.PMC6096857.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36410690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Effect of 60 and 90 days of isotretinoin treatment on the structure of the small intestine mucosa in young male Wistar rats. 异维甲酸处理60和90天对年轻雄性Wistar大鼠小肠黏膜结构的影响。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0007

Bruna Fontana Thomazini, Mary Anne Heidi Dolder

{"title":"Effect of 60 and 90 days of isotretinoin treatment on the structure of the small intestine mucosa in young male Wistar rats.","authors":"Bruna Fontana Thomazini, Mary Anne Heidi Dolder","doi":"10.1515/intox-2017-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2017-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Isotretinoin is a substance used in cases of severe acne and acne resistant to other treatments. This skin disease affects patients of all ages and can interfere with social life, especially in adolescents. The drug acts by suppressing sebaceous gland activity and creating an inhospitable environment for Propionibacterium acne. The integrity of the small intestine is important for correct nutrition and patient treatment. We intended to assess the small intestine structure after treatment with 5 mg/kg isotretinoin solution and after a period without the drug, which could be considered a rest period. Young male Wistar rats (n=24) were separated into 4 groups (n=6): C: water; D0: soybean oil; D5a: 5 mg/kg; D5b: 5 mg/kg for 60 days followed by 30 days of rest period. Soybean oil was used to dilute the drug and it was offered daily by gavage. The animals were euthanized and the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected for analysis with light and scanning electron microscopy. The treatment stimulated tissue proliferation in the jejunum and ileum but had no significant effect in the duodenum. The results also showed a modification in goblet cell frequency in the duodenum and ileum. A further finding was that some modifications disappeared during the rest period. The protocol showed that the small intestine was somewhat altered by the treatment yet no lasting damage was caused.","PeriodicalId":13715,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Toxicology","volume":"10 2","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/intox-2017-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36410688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Risks of using SSRI / SNRI antidepressants during pregnancy and lactation. 妊娠和哺乳期使用SSRI / SNRI抗抑郁药的风险。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0004

Michal Dubovicky, Kristína Belovicova, Kristína Csatlosova, Eszter Bogi

{"title":"Risks of using SSRI / SNRI antidepressants during pregnancy and lactation.","authors":"Michal Dubovicky, Kristína Belovicova, Kristína Csatlosova, Eszter Bogi","doi":"10.1515/intox-2017-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2017-0004","url":null,"abstract":"At present, affective disorders are among the most commonly diagnosed mental diseases. In pregnancy, they can occur as pre-delivery depression, recurrent depressive disorder or postnatal depression. The estimated prevalence of depressive disorders in pregnancy is approximately 9-16%, with some statistics reporting up to 20%. Approximately 2-3% of pregnant women take antidepressants during pregnancy, and the number of mothers treated increases by birth to 5-7%. Treatment of depression during pregnancy and breastfeeding is a controversial issue, as antidepressants can negatively affect the developing fetus. According to epidemiological studies, the effects of treated depression in pregnancy are related to premature birth, decreased body weight of the child, intrauterine growth retardation, neonatal adaptive syndrome, and persistent pulmonary hypertension. However, untreated depression can adversely affect maternal health and increase the risk of preeclampsia and eclampsia, as well as of subsequent postnatal depression, which can lead to disruption of the mother-child relationship. Based on the above mentioned facts, the basic question arises as to whether or not to treat depression during pregnancy and lactation.","PeriodicalId":13715,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Toxicology","volume":"10 1","pages":"30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/intox-2017-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36408250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Protective efficacy of various carbonyl compounds and their metabolites, and nutrients against acute toxicity of some cyanogens in rats: biochemical and physiological studies. 各种羰基化合物及其代谢物和营养物质对大鼠氰化物急性毒性的保护作用:生化和生理研究。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0001

Rahul Bhattacharya, Niranjan L Gujar, Deo Kumar, Jebin Jacob John

{"title":"Protective efficacy of various carbonyl compounds and their metabolites, and nutrients against acute toxicity of some cyanogens in rats: biochemical and physiological studies.","authors":"Rahul Bhattacharya, Niranjan L Gujar, Deo Kumar, Jebin Jacob John","doi":"10.1515/intox-2017-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2017-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanogens are widely used in industries and their toxicity is mainly due to cyanogenesis. The antidotes for cyanide are usually instituted for the management of cyanogen poisoning. The present study reports the protective efficacy of 14 carbonyl compounds and their metabolites, and nutrients (1.0 g/kg; oral; +5 min) against acute oral toxicity of acetonitrile (ATCN), acrylonitrile (ACN), malononitrile (MCN), propionitrile (PCN), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), succinonitrile (SCN), and potassium ferricyanide (PFCN) in rats. Maximum protection index was observed for alpha-ketoglutarate (A-KG) against MCN and PCN (5.60), followed by dihydroxyacetone (DHA) against MCN (2.79). Further, MCN (0.75 LD50) caused significant increase in cyanide concentration in brain, liver and kidney and inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase activity in brain and liver, which favorably responded to A-KG and DHA treatment. Up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase by MCN, PCN and SNP, and uncoupling protein by PCN and SNP observed in the brain was abolished by A-KG administration. However, no DNA damage was detected in the brain. MCN and SNP significantly decreased the mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and neuromuscular transmission, which were resolved by A-KG. The study suggests a beneficial effect of A-KG in the treatment of acute cyanogen poisoning.","PeriodicalId":13715,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Toxicology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/8e/ITX-10-1.PMC6096866.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36408247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Animal models of maternal depression for monitoring neurodevelopmental changes occurring in dams and offspring. 用于监测母鼠及其后代神经发育变化的抑郁动物模型。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0005

Eszter Bogi, Kristína Belovicova, Kristína Csatlosova, Michal Dubovicky

{"title":"Animal models of maternal depression for monitoring neurodevelopmental changes occurring in dams and offspring.","authors":"Eszter Bogi, Kristína Belovicova, Kristína Csatlosova, Michal Dubovicky","doi":"10.1515/intox-2017-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2017-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is one of the most prevalent and life-threatening forms of mental illness affecting about 20% of the population. Depressive disorder as a biochemical phenomenon, was first recognized in the mid-20th century of research, however the etiology of this disease is still not well understood. Although the need to investigate depressive disorders has emerged from the needs of clinical practice, there are many preclinical studies, which brought new insights into this field of research. During experimental work it was crucial to develop appropriate animal models, where the neurohumoral mechanism was similar to humans. In the past decades, several animal models of maternal depression have been developed. We describe the three most popular rodent models of maternal depression which are based on 1. stress prior to gestation, 2. prenatal stress and 3. early life stress. The above-mentioned animal models appear to fulfill many criteria for a relevant animal model of depression; they alter the regulation of the HPA, induce signs of depression-like behavior and several antidepressant treatments can reverse the state induced by maternal stress. Although, they are not able to model all aspects of maternal depression, they are useful models for monitoring neurodevelopmental changes occurring in dams and offspring.","PeriodicalId":13715,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Toxicology","volume":"10 1","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/intox-2017-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36408251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Animal tests for anxiety-like and depression-like behavior in rats. 老鼠焦虑样和抑郁样行为的动物实验。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0006

Kristina Belovicova, Eszter Bogi, Kristina Csatlosova, Michal Dubovicky

引用次数: 133

Melatonin protects against chromium (VI) induced hepatic oxidative stress and toxicity: Duration dependent study with realistic dosage. 褪黑素对铬（VI）诱导的肝脏氧化应激和毒性的保护作用：现实剂量的持续时间依赖性研究。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0003

Sudip Banerjee, Niraj Joshi, Raktim Mukherjee, Prem Kumar Singh, Darshee Baxi, A V Ramachandran

{"title":"Melatonin protects against chromium (VI) induced hepatic oxidative stress and toxicity: Duration dependent study with realistic dosage.","authors":"Sudip Banerjee, Niraj Joshi, Raktim Mukherjee, Prem Kumar Singh, Darshee Baxi, A V Ramachandran","doi":"10.1515/intox-2017-0003","DOIUrl":"10.1515/intox-2017-0003","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken to assess the degree of oxidative stress and toxic effects induced by chromium on hepatic tissue in male Wistar rats exposed to a realistic dosage of Cr(VI) (20 mg/kg/b.w./day) through drinking water, based on the levels of these metals found in the environment, for a duration of 15, 30 and 60 days. The protective effect of melatonin (10 mg/kg) was also studied by simultaneous administration with the metal. Levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants as well as lipid peroxidation were assessed. There was a significant decrease in enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants and an increase in the lipid peroxidation level, which were prevented and maintained at near-normal levels by the administration of melatonin in all treatment periods. Metal accumulation was maximal at 15 days, with gradual decreases till 60 days. Histopathological observations also demonstrated the fact that Cr (VI) exposure leads to cytological lesions in the hepatic tissue promoting cellular necrotic/apoptotic changes, while melatonin was able to counteract insults induced by Cr (VI) at all treatment periods. It also prevented alterations in insulin and glucose levels. Overall, the present study suggests a duration-dependent effect of Cr on hepatic oxidative stress and cytotoxicity and shows the potent activity of melatonin in preventing the negative effects of Cr (VI).","PeriodicalId":13715,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Toxicology","volume":"10 1","pages":"20-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0c/ec/ITX-10-20.PMC6096861.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36408249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pyridoindole SMe1EC2 as cognition enhancer in ageing-related cognitive decline. 吡啶多酚SMe1EC2对衰老相关认知衰退的促进作用。

Interdisciplinary Toxicology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0002

Nataša Mrvová, Martin Škandík, Štefan Bezek, Natália Sedláčková, Mojmír Mach, Zdenka Gaspárová, Dominika Luptáková, Ivan Padej, Lucia Račková

{"title":"Pyridoindole SMe1EC2 as cognition enhancer in ageing-related cognitive decline.","authors":"Nataša Mrvová, Martin Škandík, Štefan Bezek, Natália Sedláčková, Mojmír Mach, Zdenka Gaspárová, Dominika Luptáková, Ivan Padej, Lucia Račková","doi":"10.1515/intox-2017-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2017-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic pyridoindole-type substances derived from the lead compound stobadine represent promising agents in treatment of a range of pathologies including neurological disorders. The beneficial biological effects were suggested to be likely associated with their capacity to ameliorate oxidative damage. In our study, the effect of supplementation with the derivative of stobadine, SMe1EC2, on ageing-related cognitive decline in rats was investigated. The 20-months-old male Wistar rats were administered SMe1EC2 at a low dose, 0.5 mg/kg, daily during eight weeks. Morris water maze test was performed to assess the spatial memory performances. The cell-based assays of capacity of SMe1EC2 to modulate proinflammatory generation of oxidants by microglia were also performed. The rats treated with SMe1EC2 showed significantly increased path efficiency, significantly shorter time interval of successful trials and exerted also notably lower frequencies of clockwise rotations in the pool compared to non-supplemented aged animals. Mildly improved parameters included test durations, distances to reach the platform, time in periphery of the pool and overall rotations in the water maze. However, the pyridoindole SMe1EC2 did not show profound inhibitory effect on production of nitric oxide and superoxide by activated microglial cells. In conclusion, our study suggests that pyridoindole SMe1EC2, at low doses administered chronically, can act as cognition enhancing agent in aged rats. The protective mechanism less likely involves direct modulation of proinflammatory and prooxidant state of microglia, the prominent mediators of neurotoxicity in brain ageing and neurodegeneration.","PeriodicalId":13715,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Toxicology","volume":"10 1","pages":"11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/27/3c/ITX-10-11.PMC6096865.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36408248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0