CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians最新文献

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Comparison of Swollen vs. Compounded Cross-linked High-Cis-1,4-Polybutadiene/n-Tetracosane Shape Memory Polymers 膨胀型与复合型交联高顺式-1,4-聚丁二烯/正十四烷形状记忆聚合物的比较
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20240820
Sayan Basak, Kevin A. Cavicchi
{"title":"Comparison of Swollen vs. Compounded Cross-linked High-Cis-1,4-Polybutadiene/n-Tetracosane Shape Memory Polymers","authors":"Sayan Basak, Kevin A. Cavicchi","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20240820","url":null,"abstract":"Blending elastomers with phase change materials offers a modular approach to fabricating smart materials, such as shape memory polymers. This study compares shape memory polymers prepared by peroxide cross-linking a blend of polybutadiene and <i>n</i>-tetracosane (compounded samples) versus swelling peroxide cross-linked polybutadiene in <i>n</i>-tetracosane (swollen samples). Characterization of the thermal, thermomechanical, and shape memory behavior of the two types of samples show very similar behavior as a function of polybutadiene content. The sample with ca. 30% polybutadiene displayed shape memory metrics of ~90% fixity and ~99% recovery at 25% applied strain. The main difference in the samples was the change in fixity and recovery with cycling where they were heated and cooled using water baths. The compounded samples exhibited a 1.4% decrease in fixity, 0.2% decrease in recovery, and 2.25% weight loss over 20 cycles. In contrast, the swollen samples have a 4.2% decrease in fixity, 0.4% decrease in recovery, and 5.63% weight loss over 20 cycles. This weight loss was attributed to the expulsion of the <i>n-</i>tetracosane that experienced a higher driving force in the swollen sample with stretched chains. The cyclic and long-term aging of these polymers is different depending on the preparation method to incorporate the <i>n</i>-tetracosane into the material.","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introducing Antifouling Properties Onto Janus-Like Decellularized Corneas via Graft-From Zwitterionic Polymers 通过接枝自聚维塔利聚合物在类人角膜脱细胞中引入防污特性
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20240720
Simin Wu, Jiandong Han, Xiukai Guo, Zilong Rao, Kexin Zhang, Daping Quan, Ying Bai
{"title":"Introducing Antifouling Properties Onto Janus-Like Decellularized Corneas via Graft-From Zwitterionic Polymers","authors":"Simin Wu, Jiandong Han, Xiukai Guo, Zilong Rao, Kexin Zhang, Daping Quan, Ying Bai","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20240720","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of endothelial layer hinders the use of decellularized corneal stroma in keratoplasty, resulting in adverse effects, such as non-specific protein adsorption and corneal oedema after implantation, which leads to rapid failure of the ophthalmic implants. In this study, superhydrophilic poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) was gently introduced to the porcine-derived decellularized corneal stroma matrix (pDCSM), aiming to resist undesirable biofilm adsorption within the ocular environment. After complete decellularization, the pDCSM was first methacrylated by the integration of methacrylic anhydride. Consecutively, PMPC was only grafted from the back surface (endothelium side) of the methacrylated pDCSM through surface-initiated free radical polymerization. This one-side surface-modified pDCSM not only retained good optical transmittance and mechanical properties that were comparable to the untreated pDCSM, but both surfaces of the same artificial cornea also showed non-cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility. Moreover, the PMPC-grafted back surface exhibited considerable antifouling properties that resisted both protein and cell adhesion. Consequently, such Janus-like artificial cornea holds great promise in future ophthalmic applications, which may serve as a springboard for the design of versatile decellularized extracellular matrix based biomedical implants with Janus-like properties.","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preparation and Characterization of Low-Voltage Responsive Nanocomposite Shape-Changing Hydrogels/Carbon Nanofibers With Enhanced Mechanical Properties 具有增强机械性能的低电压响应型纳米复合材料--可改变形状的水凝胶/碳纳米纤维的制备与表征
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20240746
Jiale Li, Qiang Ma, Guohe Xu, Chunqiang Jiang, Mengru Wang
{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Low-Voltage Responsive Nanocomposite Shape-Changing Hydrogels/Carbon Nanofibers With Enhanced Mechanical Properties","authors":"Jiale Li, Qiang Ma, Guohe Xu, Chunqiang Jiang, Mengru Wang","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20240746","url":null,"abstract":"High-voltage responsiveness and poor mechanical properties hindered the practical applications of electro-induced shape-changing hydrogels (EISCHs). In previous work, mechanical properties were improved simply by increasing the degree of crosslinking, which resulted in reduced deformation capacity. Therefore, the nanocomposite technique of reinforcing nondeformable hydrogels' mechanical properties was introduced into EISCHs, resulting in the successful synthesis of Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-5-acrylamido-1,10-phenanthroline bis (1,10-phenanthroline) iron (II))/hydrophilic-treated hydroxylated carbon nanofibers (P(NIPAM-Fe(phen)<sub>3</sub>)/HMWCNFs) nanocomposite shape-changing hydrogel that exhibits outstanding mechanical properties, doesn't have its deformation ability weakened and possesses low-voltage responsiveness in this work. The impact of various hydrophilic-treated hydroxylated carbon nanofibers (HMWCNFs) content on hydrogels' structure, swelling, crosslinking, mechanics and electro-induced shape-changing properties was investigated. As the HMWCNFs content increased (0.2%–1.0%), the tensile and compressive strengths increased, marking 6.67 times and 2.91 times rise over hydrogel without HMWCNFs. The deformation ability of P(NIPAM-Fe(phen)<sub>3</sub>/HMWCNFs) hydrogel was higher than without HMWCNFs at minimum response voltage 10 V. The physical entanglements and hydrogen bonding between HMWCNFs and polymer chains reduced adhesion energy and provided energy dissipation. HMWCNFs, as a conductive filler, facilitated electron transfer. The hydrogel swelled and shrank due to the transition between 5-acrylamido-1,10-phenanthroline bis (1,10-phenanthroline) iron (II) (Fe(phen)<sub>3</sub>) network iron (II) and iron (III) states under low-voltage stimulation.","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fabrication of Hydroxyl Modified Hollow Glass Microsphere Composite Isocyanate-Based Polyimide Foam and Optimization Strategy Based on Different Bonding Mechanisms 羟基改性中空玻璃微球复合异氰酸酯基聚酰亚胺泡沫的制备及基于不同粘合机制的优化策略
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20240796
Yifei Jin, Gaohui Sun, Guocheng Zhou, Rongrong Chen, Jun Wang, Zailin Yang, Shihui Han
{"title":"Fabrication of Hydroxyl Modified Hollow Glass Microsphere Composite Isocyanate-Based Polyimide Foam and Optimization Strategy Based on Different Bonding Mechanisms","authors":"Yifei Jin, Gaohui Sun, Guocheng Zhou, Rongrong Chen, Jun Wang, Zailin Yang, Shihui Han","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20240796","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the hydroxyl modified hollow glass microsphere (HM-HGM) is added to different foaming slurries of isocyanate-based polyimide foam (IBPIF) at varying ratios, and different bonding effects are formed to optimize the dispersion behavior. Then, the novel HGM composited IBPIF (IBPIF/HGM) is prepared. Hydroxyl groups on HM-HGM establish hydrogen bonding effect with pyromellitic acid dimethyl ester and dimethyl formamide in the white slurry and react with isocyanate groups in the black slurry. The cell structure of IBPIF is altered to improve its sound absorption performance and mechanical behaviors. Compared with IBPIF/HGM-0, the average cell size of IBPIF/HGM-1 and BPIF/HGM-5 decreases significantly. The sound absorption performance and mechanical behaviors of them are improved to some extent. Compared with samples in which the HM-HGM is added alone to a single slurry, when the dosage ratio of HM-HGM in black and white slurries is 1:1, IBPIF/HGM-3 has more uniform cell structure. The change of IBPIF cell structure by the introduction of HM-HGM and the unique structure of HM-HGM can enhance the sound absorption performance and mechanical behaviors of IBPIF. The design idea of different bonding mechanisms significantly provides technical assistance to enhance the acoustic performance of polymeric foam materials.","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis of Ferrocene-Containing Schiff Bases Based on 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane Oligomers for Covalent Modification of Glass Surfaces and Creation of Soft Magnetic Materials 基于 3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷低聚物的含二茂铁席夫碱的合成,用于共价改性玻璃表面和创建软磁材料
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20240629
Raisa Dvorikova, Galy Markova, Anton Shulgin, Ludmila Komarova, Oleg Baranov, Igor Shchetinin, Dmitry Bagrov, Mikhail Buzin, Zinaida Klemenkova, Yaroslav Mezhuev
{"title":"Synthesis of Ferrocene-Containing Schiff Bases Based on 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane Oligomers for Covalent Modification of Glass Surfaces and Creation of Soft Magnetic Materials","authors":"Raisa Dvorikova, Galy Markova, Anton Shulgin, Ludmila Komarova, Oleg Baranov, Igor Shchetinin, Dmitry Bagrov, Mikhail Buzin, Zinaida Klemenkova, Yaroslav Mezhuev","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20240629","url":null,"abstract":"A ferrocene-containing oligoorganosiloxane with a number-average degree of polymerization of 8.8 and a number-average molecular weight of 3200 is synthesized by hydrolytic condensation of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane followed by chemical modification of the resulting oligomer with acetylferrocene. Its structure is characterized by MALDI-TOF, NMR and IR spectroscopy. <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy shows the predominance of more thermodynamically stable units containing <i>anti</i>-configuration Schiff bases. Using IR spectroscopy as well as experimental determination of surface energy and its polar (acid–base) and dispersion components, the covalent immobilization of ferrocene-containing oligoorganosiloxane on a glass surface after heating at 110°C is shown. The formed coating provides hydrophobization, acid–base indifference of the glass surface and serves as a precursor for the formation of magnetically soft materials after pyrolysis in argon already at 350°C. The main stages of ferrocene-containing oligoorganosiloxane thermal destruction in an inert atmosphere and the formation of a mixture of iron and silicon oxides during its thermal oxidative destruction are established by combination of TGA/DTA, IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The proposed approach opens up new possibilities for functionalizing silicates surfaces, creating magnetic glasses, as well as regulating surface energy and its components.","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regulation of Glass Transition Temperature in Thermo-Responsive Epoxy Shape Memory Polymers: The Roles of Chemical Crosslinking Density and Chain Flexibility 热响应环氧形状记忆聚合物玻璃化温度的调节:化学交联密度和链柔性的作用
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20240728
Yijia Guan, Hui Guo, Xiaofeng Jia, Jieyi Qin, Yue Yang, Kun Cao, Tao Li, Jianguo Liao, Yanru Zhang
{"title":"Regulation of Glass Transition Temperature in Thermo-Responsive Epoxy Shape Memory Polymers: The Roles of Chemical Crosslinking Density and Chain Flexibility","authors":"Yijia Guan, Hui Guo, Xiaofeng Jia, Jieyi Qin, Yue Yang, Kun Cao, Tao Li, Jianguo Liao, Yanru Zhang","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20240728","url":null,"abstract":"Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are novel kinds of smart materials whose shape can be changed in external conditions such as heat stimulus. Due to their excellent structural versatility and high elastic strain, they have important applications in the field of biomaterials. Here, a series of amorphous shape memory polymer materials are prepared and their shape memory properties and glass transition temperature (<i>T</i><sub>g</sub>) are also investigated. A special kind of epoxy polymer, whose shape can be changed at around physiological temperature, is synthesized by regulating the crosslinking density and introducing flexible aliphatic epoxy chains. The shape memory function of this epoxy polymer is studied by deformation test. In addition, to explore their application in the field of biomedical materials, the biocompatibility of the materials are evaluated, including the effects on the erythrocyte hemolysis rate and cell activity. The experimental results show that this kind of epoxy polymer has good shape memory function and biocompatibility.","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Localized Thermoresponsive Behavior in P(NIPAm-co-AAc) Copolymers: Structural Insights From Rheology and Small Angle X-Ray Scattering P(NIPAm-co-AAc)共聚物的局部热致伸缩行为:流变学和小角 X 射线散射的结构启示
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20240799
S. P. Fernandez Bordín, E. Rufeil Fiori, J. M. Padró, V.M. Galván Josa, T. S. Plivelic, M. R. Romero
{"title":"Localized Thermoresponsive Behavior in P(NIPAm-co-AAc) Copolymers: Structural Insights From Rheology and Small Angle X-Ray Scattering","authors":"S. P. Fernandez Bordín, E. Rufeil Fiori, J. M. Padró, V.M. Galván Josa, T. S. Plivelic, M. R. Romero","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20240799","url":null,"abstract":"Stimuli-responsive polymers stand out for their ability to respond to small environmental changes. One of the most representative thermo-sensitive materials is poly(<i>N</i>-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm), which presents reversible phase transitions close to the human body temperature. However, previous studies observed that the copolymerization of NIPAm with small quantities of different monomers like acrylic acid (AAc) results in copolymers with reduced or lost thermo-responsivity. In this study, thermo-sensitive PNIPAm, pH-sensitive poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc), and various proportions of their copolymers P(NIPAm-<i>co</i>-AAc) were obtained by free radical polymerization and thoroughly characterized. Rheological and structural studies reveal the remaining thermosensitivity of the copolymers manifested at short molecular ranges. These alterations in short-range interactions are observed in all samples containing NIPAm, and they are evidenced by changes in the fractality of their structure and flow index behavior of the Viscosity Ostwald–de Waele Model. Particularly, when the copolymer proportion of NIPAm/AAc is about 40/60, the Beaucage model reveals two structural levels, ~200 and ~10 nm. Furthermore, the model exhibits a thermal response of the lower-size substructures, indicating possible segregation of NIPAm-rich regions from copolymer chains. The evidence found in this work could contribute to the development of nanosystems, in which local thermoresponsive effects are sought, such as for active drug targeting.","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preparation of Lipid–Polymer Conjugates by Photoiniferter Polymerization and Application to Cell Surface Modification 通过光iferter 聚合法制备脂质聚合物共轭物并将其应用于细胞表面修饰
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20240850
Wenjin Wang, Shengjie Liu, Yijia Yu, Wenjuan Xia, Zhaoqiang Wu, Hong Chen
{"title":"Preparation of Lipid–Polymer Conjugates by Photoiniferter Polymerization and Application to Cell Surface Modification","authors":"Wenjin Wang, Shengjie Liu, Yijia Yu, Wenjuan Xia, Zhaoqiang Wu, Hong Chen","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20240850","url":null,"abstract":"The growing demand for lipid–polymer conjugates (LPCs) in biomedicine highlights the need for efficient synthesis methods. This study presents a novel Y-type photoiniferter reagent (Lipid-PIT) with a diethyldithiocarbamate group and a diacylglycerol group. Lipid-PIT efficiently initiated the polymerization of vinyl monomers such as oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA), <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), <i>tert</i>-butyl acrylate (tBA), and <i>n</i>-butyl acrylate (<i>n</i>BA) under UV irradiation at room temperature, yielding LPCs. Proton NMR confirmed the presence of diethyldithiocarbamate and diacylglycerol moieties at the chain ends. The polymerization kinetics of DMA showed a linear increase in molecular weight (<i>M</i><sub>n</sub>) with time, with a polydispersity (Đ) below 1.50, demonstrating high controllability. Moreover, Lipid-PIT allows for the creation of block copolymers via secondary chain extension. In vitro assays revealed that LPCs synthesized from OEGMA monomers successfully modified L929 and HeLa cell surfaces and exhibited good biocompatibility. This study offers a rapid, efficient method for LPC synthesis with promising biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Density Modifications Toward High Mechanical Performance Nanocellulose Aerogels 为实现高机械性能而进行密度改性的纳米纤维素气凝胶
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1002/pol.20240736
Gaigai Duan, Qin Qin, Rubei Hu, Zhao Liang, Xiaoshuai Han, Haoqi Yang, Yong Huang, Chunmei Zhang, Shuijian He, Shaohua Jiang
{"title":"Density Modifications Toward High Mechanical Performance Nanocellulose Aerogels","authors":"Gaigai Duan, Qin Qin, Rubei Hu, Zhao Liang, Xiaoshuai Han, Haoqi Yang, Yong Huang, Chunmei Zhang, Shuijian He, Shaohua Jiang","doi":"10.1002/pol.20240736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.20240736","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanical properties are crucial for the application of nanocellulose aerogels. In this work, a series of nanocellulose aerogels with solid content concentration gradient (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 wt%) of precursor dispersion are prepared by freeze-drying method, and the effect of nanocellulose solid content on the mechanical properties of nanocellulose aerogels was investigated. As the solid content concentration increased, the internal microstructure of the aerogel underwent a transition from a sparse reticular structure to a tightly arranged lamellar structure. This transition led to a substantial improvement in the mechanical properties of the aerogel. At 50% strain, the compressive strength of the aerogel increased from 8.4 to 37.56 kPa with the increase of nanofibrillar cellulose solid content. Furthermore, the specific strength, specific modulus, and compressive modulus also increased, while maintaining a low density (20.02 mg/cm<sup>3</sup>) and high porosity (98.63%). This work confirms the feasibility of structural strengthening and mechanical property enhancement of nanocellulose aerogels by density modification, which provides a guidance for the design of durability enhancement of nanocellulose aerogels for broadening their application fields.","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study identifies signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer risk at younger ages 研究确定了年轻人患结直肠癌风险的体征和症状
IF 254.7 1区 医学
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21810
Mike Fillon
{"title":"Study identifies signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer risk at younger ages","authors":"Mike Fillon","doi":"10.3322/caac.21810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21810","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Eight years ago, Paula Chambers-Raney from Houston, Texas, suffered from stomach pain, blood in her stool, and anemia. Her primary care physician told her that she had hemorrhoids. Then, over the next 18 months, other clinicians told her that she might have irritable bowel syndrome, she had probably eaten something red, and she should eat more green leafy vegetables for her anemia. After losing her job because of the number of sick days she had taken, with her health still not improving, she went to her county hospital’s emergency room for a colonoscopy. “They found a baseball-sized tumor,” says Chambers-Raney. “I was 44 years old and up until then was told I was too young to have something serious like colon cancer.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recognizing the alarming trend of younger people being diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC), in 2018, the American Cancer Society, followed by other health organizations, began recommending lowering the age for screening from the age of 50 years to the age of 45 years. A new study appearing in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute (doi:10.1093/jnci/djad068) is the latest to validate this change.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the study, the researchers looked for abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and iron-deficiency anemia, with each indicating an increased risk for early-onset CRC. They sought to determine if these four symptoms—identified as red flags—might be key to the detection of early-onset CRC. To perform this work, the researchers conducted a nested case-control study from the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database, which includes individual claims data from approximately 113 million insured adults aged 18–64 years from across the United States. The primary analyses were restricted to adults aged 18–49 years with at least 2 years of continuous enrollment before the index date. For the secondary analyses, they included adults aged 50–64 years.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The primary analyses focused on identifying red-flag indications that appeared 3 months to 2 years before the index date of diagnosis. “Ultimately, the overarching objective is to improve the early detection of CRC at younger ages, which holds significant potential for improving patient outcomes,” says senior study author Yin Cao, ScD, MPH, an associate professor of surgery in the Division of Public Health Sciences of the Department of Surgery at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“To our knowledge, this study is among the first large-scale studies to identify predictive red-flag signs and symptoms for early-onset CRC compared to a matched control group and in comparison with signs and symptoms in people with CRC diagnosed at older ages,” she says.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The researchers found that 19.3% of people with early-onset CRC had symptoms beginning within 3 months to 2 years of their diagnosis with a median diagnostic interval of 8.7 months. In addition, 49.1% first showed symptoms within 3 months of their diagnosis. Also, the median diagnostic interva","PeriodicalId":137,"journal":{"name":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians","volume":"73 5","pages":"448-450"},"PeriodicalIF":254.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.3322/caac.21810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5975403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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