International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Plastic-Damage Thin-Layer Element Model for Seismic Failure Analysis of Concrete Dams","authors":"Yi-Xiang Qiu,&nbsp;Tian-Yu Zhou,&nbsp;Jin-Ting Wang,&nbsp;Jian-Wen Pan,&nbsp;Chu-Han Zhang","doi":"10.1002/nme.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Finite element methods based on the small deformation assumption have been widely used in the seismic response analysis of concrete dams. However, these methods are not effective in simulating the entire process of concrete dams transitioning from small deformation damage cracking to larger deformation collapse under extreme earthquake events. This paper proposes a plastic-damage thin-layer element model for analyzing large deformation failure of concrete dams under strong earthquakes. Using the equivalence principles, the smeared crack model is equivalently transformed into a layered separation format, which can consider both small and large deformations. Numerical verification through single thin-layer elements and Petersson's three-point bending beam demonstrates that the proposed model can comprehensively consider plastic deformation, damage, and stiffness changes in concrete. Furthermore, the seismic failure process of Koyna gravity dam is simulated using the proposed plastic-damage thin-layer element method. The results show that this model can realistically simulate the entire process from initial cracking to ultimate failure in concrete dams.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Material Networks for Fiber Suspensions With Infinite Material Contrast","authors":"Benedikt Sterr,&nbsp;Sebastian Gajek,&nbsp;Andrew Hrymak,&nbsp;Matti Schneider,&nbsp;Thomas Böhlke","doi":"10.1002/nme.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We extend the laminate based framework of direct deep material networks (DMNs) to treat suspensions of rigid fibers in a non-Newtonian solvent. To do so, we derive two-phase homogenization blocks that are capable of treating incompressible fluid phases and infinite material contrast. In particular, we leverage existing results for linear elastic laminates to identify closed form expressions for the linear homogenization functions of two-phase layered emulsions. To treat infinite material contrast, we rely on the repeated layering of two-phase layered emulsions in the form of coated layered materials. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions which ensure that the effective properties of coated layered materials with incompressible phases are non-singular, even if one of the phases is rigid. With the derived homogenization blocks and non-singularity conditions at hand, we present a novel DMN architecture, which we name the flexible DMN (FDMN) architecture. We build and train FDMNs to predict the effective stress response of shear-thinning fiber suspensions with a Cross-type matrix material. For 31 fiber orientation states, six load cases, and over a wide range of shear rates relevant to engineering processes, the FDMNs achieve validation errors below 4.31% when compared to direct numerical simulations with fast-Fourier-transform based computational techniques. Compared to a conventional machine learning approach introduced previously by the consortium of authors, FDMNs offer better accuracy at an increased computational cost for the considered material and flow scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/nme.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normalized Field Product Approach: A Parameter-Free Density Evaluation Method for Close-To-Binary Solutions in Topology Optimization With Embedded Length Scale","authors":"Nikhil Singh,&nbsp;Prabhat Kumar,&nbsp;Anupam Saxena","doi":"10.1002/nme.7673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.7673","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article provides a normalized field product approach for topology optimization to achieve close-to-binary optimal designs. The method uses a parameter-free density measure that enforces a specified minimum length scale on the solid phase, ensuring smooth and transition-free topologies. The density evaluation does not rely on weight functions; however, the associated density functions are required to confined between 0 and 1. The method combines the SIMP scheme with the introduced density function for material stiffness interpolation. The success and efficacy of the approach are demonstrated through the design of both two- and three-dimensional designs, including stiff structures and compliant mechanisms. The structure's compliance is minimized for the former, whereas the latter involves optimizing a multicriteria objective. The presented numerical examples consider different volume fractions, length scales, and density functions. The proposed method is also seamlessly extended with advanced elements for solving 3D problems. The optimized designs obtained are close to binary without any user intervention while satisfying the desired feature size on the solid phase.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Feasibility of Foundational Models for the Simulation of Physical Phenomena","authors":"Alicia Tierz,&nbsp;Mikel M. Iparraguirre,&nbsp;Icíar Alfaro,&nbsp;David González,&nbsp;Francisco Chinesta,&nbsp;Elías Cueto","doi":"10.1002/nme.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We explore the feasibility of foundation models for the simulation of physical phenomena, with emphasis on continuum (solid and fluid) mechanics. Although so-called “learned simulators” have shown some success when applied to specific tasks, it remains to be studied to what extent they can undergo severe changes in domain shape, boundary conditions, and/or constitutive laws and still provide robust (i.e., hallucination-free) and accurate results. In this paper, we perform an exhaustive study of these features, put ourselves in the worst-case scenario, and study their resistance to such strong changes in their domain of application.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monolithic and Staggered Solution Strategies for Constrained Mechanical Systems in Optimal Control Problems","authors":"Ashutosh Bijalwan,&nbsp;Simeon Schneider,&nbsp;Peter Betsch,&nbsp;José J Muñoz","doi":"10.1002/nme.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper deals with the optimal control of constrained mechanical systems, with potential additional kinematic constraints at the final time. Correspondingly, the equations of motion of the underlying mechanical system assume the form of differential-algebraic equations with end constraints. The proposed discretisation of the optimality conditions yields a scheme which is capable of preserving control angular momentum maps resulting from the rotational symmetry of the underlying optimal control problem. The numerical solution of the discretised system is first tested with two solution strategies: Monolithic and staggered approaches, and then also solved with hybrid approaches, which combine salient features of each individual strategy. The monolithic strategy solves all the optimality conditions for all time steps as a single system of non-linear equations and relies on a Newton-Raphson scheme, which guarantees quadratic rates of convergence in the vicinity of the optimal solution trajectory. The staggered strategy is based on the Forward-Backward Sweep Method (FBSM), where state and adjoint equations are solved separately, and the control equations provide an update of the control variables, which we here achieve with also a Newton-Raphson scheme. The proposed hybrid strategies combine the advantages of a conventional gradient-based FBSM with the individual Newton-based solution procedures once the solution is close to the optimal trajectory. The strategies are developed and compared through three representative numerical examples, which show that all schemes yield very similar solutions. However, the hybrid approaches become more advantageous in the computation time when the time-step decreases or the size of the problem increases.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Load-Carrying Boundary Identification-Based Topology Optimization Method for Structures With Design-Dependent Boundary Load","authors":"Boyuan Fan,&nbsp;Huixin Huang,&nbsp;Jingyu Hu,&nbsp;Shutian Liu","doi":"10.1002/nme.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During topology optimization with design-dependent boundary load, updating the load conditions is necessary. However, it is challenging to identify the load-carrying boundary in density-based topology optimization frame. To address this issue, a direct load-carrying boundary identification method is proposed to describe and update the design-dependent boundary load, and a topology optimization method for structures with design-dependent boundary load is presented. First, a Flood Fill algorithm (FFA) based domain extension method is introduced to generate a new structure with a boundary equivalent to the load-carrying boundary of the original structure. Then, the erosion boundary identification method is applied to the new structure to identify the load-carrying boundary instead of the original structure. Finally, the load information (direction and magnitude) of the design-dependent boundary load is determined using a normalized gradient algorithm, which completes the update of the design-dependent boundary load. This method overcomes the difficulty of identifying the load-carrying boundary in density-based methods. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated by several examples of minimum compliance (including 3D) and flexible mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Optimization of Structures and Anisotropic Materials for Mechanical Cloaking","authors":"Yifu Lu,&nbsp;Liyong Tong","doi":"10.1002/nme.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper studies the concurrent optimization of structural topologies and material properties for mechanical cloaking problems, in which the macrostructures, microstructures, and novel spatially-varying microstructure orientations of the cloaking devices are simultaneously considered and form a multiscale topology optimization problem. In this work, we (1) propose a new element-based objective function for mechanical cloaking; (2) establish generic mathematical formulations to model the multiscale optimization problem, including a novel mathematical relation between the original objective function and material microstructures, and implement the formulated optimization problem via an extended moving iso-surface threshold (MIST) method; (3) investigate the concurrent optimization of the macrostructure and material microstructures and orientations; (4) propose a novel analytical method derived for fully anisotropic materials to compute the optimal material orientations. Benchmark numerical examples are investigated to validate the proposed method. The present numerical results show that the proposed method can improve the cloaking performance by up to 26.25% compared with the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/nme.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling of Kirchhoff and Mindlin–Reissner Plate Bending With Hybrid-Trefftz Stress Elements","authors":"J. A. Teixeira de Freitas,&nbsp;Carlos Tiago,&nbsp;E. M. B. R. Pereira","doi":"10.1002/nme.7668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.7668","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The polynomial bases usually applied in the implementation of hybrid-Trefftz stress elements for plate bending are extended to include the formal solutions necessary to model high-gradient stress fields associated with boundary layer and singular wedge effects. To this end, the approximation of the stress-resultant field includes the (Trefftz) solutions of the harmonic, biharmonic, and Helmholtz governing systems of differential equations. Numerical testing problems are selected to show that the element can be used to solve the Kirchhoff model and to adequately simulate both boundary layer and singular wedge effects in thin and moderately thick Mindlin–Reissner plates.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laminated Composite Plate Model Considering Interfacial Imperfection Based on Quasi-Conforming Element Technique","authors":"Zhiyuan Zhu,&nbsp;Xiaobin Li","doi":"10.1002/nme.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Laminated composite plates widely used in industries are prone to various defects at the interfaces between layers in complex usage environments and manufacturing processes, also known as the interfacial imperfection. Therefore, based on the third-order zigzag displacement field and a layer-spring model, a four-node quadrilateral quasi-conforming plate element (QCQ4) is proposed to calculate the free vibration of the composite laminates with interfacial imperfection. In addition, combined with the numerical results from other literature, it is verified that the proposed plate element (QCQ4) can effectively obtain the stress and deflection of the composite laminates with interfacial imperfection, and accurately calculate the free vibration of laminates with different geometries, thicknesses and fiber directions. Furthermore, numerical results show that when the dimensionless interface parameter <i>R</i> characterizing the interfacial imperfection increases from 0.0 to 1.0 and 5.0, respectively, the maximum reduction in the natural frequency of the laminated thick and thin plates in the first six modes exceeds 33% and 37%. This means that <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>R</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>1.0</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ R=1.0 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>R</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>5.0</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ R=5.0 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> seem to be two critical values for evaluating whether thick and thin laminates will experience a significant decrease in stiffness due to interfacial imperfection. Besides, it is also found that as the increase of the dimensionless interface parameter <i>R</i>, the 4th and 5th mode shapes of the square and circular laminate, and the 5th and 6th mode shapes of the triangular laminate will change compared with the mode shapes of laminates without interfacial imperfection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural Level Set Topology Optimization Using Unfitted Finite Elements","authors":"Connor N. Mallon,&nbsp;Aaron W. Thornton,&nbsp;Matthew R. Hill,&nbsp;Santiago Badia","doi":"10.1002/nme.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To facilitate the widespread adoption of automated engineering design techniques, existing methods must become more efficient and generalizable. In the field of topology optimization, this requires the coupling of modern optimization methods with solvers capable of handling arbitrary problems. In this work, a topology optimization method for general multiphysics problems is presented. We leverage a convolutional neural parameterization of a level set for a description of the geometry and use this in an unfitted finite element method that is differentiable with respect to the level set everywhere in the domain. We construct the parameter to objective map in such a way that the gradient can be computed entirely by automatic differentiation at roughly the cost of an objective function evaluation. Without handcrafted initializations, the method produces regular topologies close to the optimal solution for standard benchmark problems whilst maintaining the ability to solve a more general class of problems than standard methods, for example, interface-coupled multiphysics.</p>","PeriodicalId":13699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","volume":"126 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/nme.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}