2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA)最新文献_第2页

Unlimited Rulebook: a Reference Architecture for Economy Mechanics in Digital Games 无限规则手册:数字游戏经济机制的参考架构

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00014

Wilson Kazuo Mizutani, Fabio Kon

引用次数: 4

REST vs GraphQL: A Controlled Experiment REST与GraphQL:一个受控实验

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00016

Gleison Brito, M. T. Valente

引用次数: 27

COCOS: A Scalable Architecture for Containerized Heterogeneous Systems COCOS:容器化异构系统的可伸缩架构

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00018

L. Baresi, G. Quattrocchi

{"title":"COCOS: A Scalable Architecture for Containerized Heterogeneous Systems","authors":"L. Baresi, G. Quattrocchi","doi":"10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00018","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays software systems are organized around several and heterogeneous components. For example, a modern application can be composed of different microservices, along with dedicated components for machine learning analytics and recurring batch processing jobs. While containers offer a means to deploy the system and tackle heterogeneity, these components have different execution models, can exploit different resource types (e.g., CPUs and GPUs) and result in completely different execution times (milliseconds vs hours). This complexity calls for a new, scalable architecture to allow the systems to operate efficiently. This paper presents COCOS, an architecture, based on containers and control-theory, that is able to manage large and heterogeneous software systems. The architecture is based on a three-level hierarchy of controllers that cooperatively enforce user-defined requirements on execution times and consumed resources. The paper also shows a prototype implementation of COCOS based on Kubernetes, a well-known container orchestrator. The evaluation shows the efficiency of COCOS when dealing with microservices, Spark jobs and machine learning applications.","PeriodicalId":136997,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115427481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A Complexity Metric for Microservices Architecture Migration 微服务架构迁移的复杂性度量

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00024

Nuno Santos, António Rito Silva

{"title":"A Complexity Metric for Microservices Architecture Migration","authors":"Nuno Santos, António Rito Silva","doi":"10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00024","url":null,"abstract":"Monolith applications tend to be difficult to deploy, upgrade, maintain, and understand. Microservices, on the other hand, have the advantages of being independently developed, tested, deployed, scaled and, more importantly, easier to change and maintain. This paper addresses the problem of migrating a monolith to a microservices architecture. Therefore, we address two research questions: (1) Can we define the cost of decomposition in terms of the effort to redesign a functionality, which is implemented in the monolith as an ACID transaction, into several distributed transactions? (2) Considering several similarity measures between domain entities, which provide a better decomposition when they are compared using the proposed complexity metric? To answer the first research question, we propose a complexity metric, for each functionality of the monolith application, that measures the impact of relaxing the functionality consistency on the architecture redesign and implementation. Regarding the second research question, we experiment with four similarity measures, each based on a different type of information collected from monolith functionality implementation. We evaluated our approach with three monolith systems and compared our complexity metric against industry metrics of cohesion and coupling. We also evaluated the different similarity measures in terms of the complexity of the decomposition they produce. We were able to correctly correlate the complexity metric with other metrics of cohesion and coupling defined in other research and we conclude that no single combination of similarity measures outperforms the other, which is confirmed by the existing research. Additionally, we conclude that the approach can help on an incremental migration to microservices, which, actually, is the strategy proposed by the industry experts.","PeriodicalId":136997,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130381577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Title Page i 第1页

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/icsa47634.2020.00001

引用次数: 0

A Goal-Driven Approach for Deploying Self-Adaptive IoT Systems 部署自适应物联网系统的目标驱动方法

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00022

Fahed Alkhabbas, Ilir Murturi, Romina Spalazzese, P. Davidsson, S. Dustdar

{"title":"A Goal-Driven Approach for Deploying Self-Adaptive IoT Systems","authors":"Fahed Alkhabbas, Ilir Murturi, Romina Spalazzese, P. Davidsson, S. Dustdar","doi":"10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00022","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering Internet of Things (IoT) systems is a challenging task partly due to the dynamicity and uncertainty of the environment including the involvement of the human in the loop. Users should be able to achieve their goals seamlessly in different environments, and IoT systems should be able to cope with dynamic changes. Several approaches have been proposed to enable the automated formation, enactment, and self-adaptation of goal-driven IoT systems. However, they do not address deployment issues. In this paper, we propose a goal-driven approach for deploying self-adaptive IoT systems in the Edge-Cloud continuum. Our approach supports the systems to cope with the dynamicity and uncertainty of the environment including changes in their deployment topologies, i.e., the deployment nodes and their interconnections. We describe the architecture and processes of the approach and the simulations that we conducted to validate its feasibility. The results of the simulations show that the approach scales well when generating and adapting the deployment topologies of goal-driven IoT systems in smart homes and smart buildings.","PeriodicalId":136997,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130377257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Quantitative Verification-Aided Machine Learning: A Tandem Approach for Architecting Self-Adaptive IoT Systems 定量验证辅助机器学习:构建自适应物联网系统的串联方法

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00010

J. Cámara, H. Muccini, Karthik Vaidhyanathan

{"title":"Quantitative Verification-Aided Machine Learning: A Tandem Approach for Architecting Self-Adaptive IoT Systems","authors":"J. Cámara, H. Muccini, Karthik Vaidhyanathan","doi":"10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00010","url":null,"abstract":"Architecting IoT systems able to guarantee Quality of Service (QoS) levels can be a challenging task due to the inherent uncertainties (induced by changes in e.g., energy availability, network traffic) that they are subject to. Existing work has shown that machine learning (ML) techniques can be effectively used at run time for selecting self-adaptation patterns that can help maintain adequate QoS levels. However, this class of approach suffers from learning bias, which induces accuracy problems that might lead to sub-optimal (or even unfeasible) adaptations in some situations. To overcome this limitation, we propose an approach for proactive self-adaptation which combines ML and formal quantitative verification (probabilistic model checking). In our approach, ML is tasked with selecting the best adaptation pattern for a given scenario, and quantitative verification checks the feasibility of the adaptation decision, preventing the execution of unfeasible adaptations and providing feedback to the ML engine which helps to achieve faster convergence towards optimal decisions. The results of our evaluation show that our approach is able to produce better decisions than ML and quantitative verification used in isolation.","PeriodicalId":136997,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126398791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Architectural Patterns for Cross-Domain Personalised Automotive Functions 跨领域个性化汽车功能的体系结构模式

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00026

Stefan Kugele, Christoph Segler, T. Hubregtsen

{"title":"Architectural Patterns for Cross-Domain Personalised Automotive Functions","authors":"Stefan Kugele, Christoph Segler, T. Hubregtsen","doi":"10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00026","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Future automotive customer functions will be highly personalisable and adapt their settings proactively in an intelligent way. Aim: We aim at designing generic architectural patterns for functional architectures containing machine learning components. Method: We first formalise a new architectural model. Based on this model, we present and discuss three alternative architectural patterns: (1) concurrent learning, (2) end-to-end learning, and (3) user shadow learning. For these patterns, three alternative integration approaches are discussed: (i) centralised holistic approach, (ii) domain-specific approach, and (iii) dedicated approach. Moreover, we conduct an evaluation using real car data for different customer functions. Conclusion: We propose the use of the user shadow learning pattern in the dynamic architectural model. The user shadow learning pattern is not affected by safety constraints, as is usually the case for integrating artificial intelligence, as it only models user behaviour while leaving the original function intact. To integrate the multitude of models, we propose a domain-specific approach. This approach provides a balance between the trade-offs in the dedicated approach and the holistic approach, being high computational overhead and design complexity, respectively.","PeriodicalId":136997,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116390301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Incremental Calibration of Architectural Performance Models with Parametric Dependencies 具有参数依赖性的建筑性能模型的增量校准

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00011

Manar Mazkatli, David Monschein, Johannes Grohmann, A. Koziolek

{"title":"Incremental Calibration of Architectural Performance Models with Parametric Dependencies","authors":"Manar Mazkatli, David Monschein, Johannes Grohmann, A. Koziolek","doi":"10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00011","url":null,"abstract":"Architecture-based Performance Prediction (AbPP) allows evaluation of the performance of systems and to answer what-if questions without measurements for all alternatives. A difficulty when creating models is that Performance Model Parameters (PMPs, such as resource demands, loop iteration numbers and branch probabilities) depend on various influencing factors like input data, used hardware and the applied workload. To enable a broad range of what-if questions, Performance Models (PMs) need to have predictive power beyond what has been measured to calibrate the models. Thus, PMPs need to be parametrized over the influencing factors that may vary. Existing approaches allow for the estimation of the parametrized PMPs by measuring the complete system. Thus, they are too costly to be applied frequently, up to after each code change. Moreover, they do not keep manual changes to the model when recalibrating. In this work, we present the Continuous Integration of Performance Models (CIPM), which incrementally extracts and calibrates the performance model, including parametric dependencies. CIPM responds to source code changes by updating the PM and adaptively instrumenting the changed parts. To allow AbPP, CIPM estimates the parametrized PMPs using the measurements (generated by performance tests or executing the system in production) and statistical analysis, e.g., regression analysis and decision trees. Additionally, our approach responds to production changes (e.g., load or deployment changes) and calibrates the usage and deployment parts of PMs accordingly. For the evaluation, we used two case studies. Evaluation results show that we were able to calibrate the PM incrementally and accurately.","PeriodicalId":136997,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128910912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

The Evolution of Architectural Decision Making as a Key Focus Area of Software Architecture Research: A Semi-Systematic Literature Study 作为软件架构研究重点领域的架构决策的演变:半系统的文献研究

2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA) Pub Date : 2020-02-21 DOI: 10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00015

Manoj Bhat, Klym Shumaiev, U. Hohenstein, A. Biesdorf, F. Matthes

{"title":"The Evolution of Architectural Decision Making as a Key Focus Area of Software Architecture Research: A Semi-Systematic Literature Study","authors":"Manoj Bhat, Klym Shumaiev, U. Hohenstein, A. Biesdorf, F. Matthes","doi":"10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSA47634.2020.00015","url":null,"abstract":"Literature review studies are essential and form the foundation for any type of research. They serve as the point of departure for those seeking to understand a research topic, as well as, helps research communities to reflect on the ideas, fundamentals, and approaches that have emerged, been acknowledged, and formed the state-of-the-art. In this paper, we present a semi-systematic literature review of 218 papers published over the last four decades that have contributed to a better understanding of architectural design decisions (ADDs). These publications cover various related topics including tool support for managing ADDs, human aspects in architectural decision making (ADM), and group decision making. The results of this paper should be treated as a getting-started guide for researchers who are entering the investigation phase of research on ADM. In this paper, the readers will find a brief description of the contributions made by the established research community over the years. Based on those insights, we recommend our readers to explore the publications and the topics in depth.","PeriodicalId":136997,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA)","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132702300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13