Infectious disorders drug targets最新文献

{"title":"Discharge of Confirmed COVID-19 Patients Based on WHO or Regional Criteria? A Cohort Study.","authors":"Seyed-Hasan Adeli,&nbsp;Mahmoud Parham,&nbsp;Akram Asghari,&nbsp;Mohammad Bagherzade,&nbsp;Rasoul Shajari,&nbsp;Reihane Tabarraii,&nbsp;Masoumeh Shakeri,&nbsp;Amir Jabbari,&nbsp;Saeede Jafari,&nbsp;Sajjad Ahmadpour,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Habibi,&nbsp;Javad Khodadai,&nbsp;Hamed Shafiee,&nbsp;Narges Eskandari,&nbsp;Davoud Olad Dameshghi,&nbsp;Maryam Masoumi,&nbsp;Seyed Yaser Foroghi Ghomi,&nbsp;Ali Ebrazeh,&nbsp;Jamshid Vafaeimanesh","doi":"10.2174/1871526522666220815151958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526522666220815151958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increasing the number of COVID-19 patients raises concerns about the capacity of the health care system. This issue emphasizes reducing the admission rate and expediting patient discharge.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop a discharge protocol for COVID-19 patients based on the existing capacity of the healthcare system and to assess its post-discharge outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a multicenter cohort study. All COVID-19 patients referred to selected medical centers in Qom, Iran, from Feb. 19 to Apr. 19, 2020, were target populations. Eligible patients were classified into a) the criterion group and b) the non-criterion group. Patients were followed up daily for 14 days after discharge by phone, and the required data was gathered and recorded in follow-up form. Univariate (chi-square and t-tests) and multivariate multiple (multivariate probit regression) analysis were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2775 patients were included in the study (1440 people in the criterion group and 1335 in the non-criterion group). Based on multivariate probit regression, death was statistically associated with discharge outside our criteria (p<0.001), rising age (p<0.001), and being male (p=0.019), and readmission were associated with discharge outside our criteria (p<0.001), rising age (p=0.009), and having the history of underlying diseases (p=0.003). Furthermore, remission had statistically significant associations with discharge based on our criteria (p<0.001), decreasing age (p=0.001), and lack of a history of underlying diseases (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mortality and readmission were significantly lower according to our discharge criteria. Our designed criteria apply to less developed and developing countries due to the limited capacity and resources available in the health care system.</p>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 1","pages":"e150822207493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10668891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Black Seeds (<i>Nigella sativa</i>) in the Management of Long COVID or Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) and Persistent COVID-19 Symptoms - An Insight.","authors":"Naina Mohamed Pakkir Maideen,&nbsp;Abdurazak Hassan Jumale,&nbsp;Ibrahim Ramadan Barakat,&nbsp;Ayesha Khalifa Albasti","doi":"10.2174/1871526523666230223112045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526523666230223112045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some individuals may experience symptoms persisting for many months after the recovery from COVID-19 and patients with Long COVID are managed mainly with symptomatic treatment and supportive care.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review article focuses on the beneficial effects of black seeds (Nigella sativa) in the management of long COVID and persistent COVID symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature was searched in databases such as LitCOVID, Web of Science, Google Scholar, bioRxiv, medRxiv, Science Direct, EBSCO, Scopus, Embase, and reference lists to identify studies, which evaluated various effects of black seeds (N. sativa) related to signs and symptoms of long COVID.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Black seeds (N. sativa) have shown potential anti-COVID, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and antiasthmatic properties in various clinical, animal, in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies, which would help the patients recovered from COVID to mitigate Long COVID complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients experiencing Long COVID may use black seeds (N. sativa) as adjunctive therapy in combination with symptomatic treatment and supportive care to prevent further deterioration and hospitalization. The safety and efficacy of N. sativa in patients with Long-COVID would further be established by future randomized controlled clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 4","pages":"e230223213955"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9788844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marburg Virus- A Threat During SARS-CoV-2 Era: A Review.","authors":"Sumel Ashique,&nbsp;Vatan Chaudhary,&nbsp;Soumen Pal,&nbsp;Jonee Panwar,&nbsp;Mukesh Kumar,&nbsp;Soumi Pramanik,&nbsp;Abhipsa Sinha,&nbsp;Anagh Mukherjee","doi":"10.2174/1871526523666230228103845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526523666230228103845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the German towns of Marburg, Frankfurt, and Belgrade in 1967, this single negativestranded RNA virus was initially discovered. The importation of infected grivet monkeys from Uganda is what caused this virus-related sickness. As a result of the early link between viruses and non-human primates, this virus is frequently referred to as vervet monkey sickness. This virus causes Marburg hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates. Human endothelial cells serve as the primary vehicle for replication. According to a 2009 report, the virus was being stored in Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus). Body fluids, unprotected sex, broken or injured skin, and other bodily fluids are the main routes of transmission. After the incubation period, symptoms like chills, headaches, myalgia, and stomach pain start to show up. There is no specific medication for such an infection, only hydration therapy and adequate oxygenation are followed. The following diagnostic techniques can be used to confirm the diagnosis: (i) an antibody-capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); ii) an antigen capture ELISA test; iii) a serum neutralization test; iv) an RT PCR assay; v) electron microscopy; or vi) virus isolation by cell culture. Because MARV is a risk group 4 infection, laboratory staff must take strict precautions (RG-4).</p>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 5","pages":"e280223214111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9841207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV/AIDS Curability Study, Different Approaches and Drug Combination.","authors":"Da-Yong Lu,&nbsp;Ting-Ren Lu","doi":"10.2174/1871526523666230117115826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526523666230117115826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>HIV infection is currently an incurable disease characterized by life-long drug utility. Its incurable causality and mechanism are still unknown to us.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To overcome this therapeutic setback, some breakthroughs should be made by utilizing different approaches. How to plan some experimental and clinical novelty for HIV curability is a modern challenge. In this article, new ideas and approaches for global HIV/AIDS therapeutic strategies are proposed and represented by scientific insights.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pharmaceutical characteristics, herbal medicine, novel drug targets, cutting-edge biotherapy, drug combination, animal modalities, and immune-stimuli for HIV latency, as well as clearance, are highlighted.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>To elucidate our understanding of curative treatment for HIV/AIDS, many new pathological discoveries, expansion, technical advances, and potential drug targets are constructed. After the discovery of novel pathogenesis and therapeutic evolution, HIV/AIDS therapeutic curability may become achievable and a reality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transformation from animal model investigation to widespread therapies for larger volume of human population is a necessity in modern medicine. In this infectious treatment scenario, major breakthroughs in medicine and drug development are anticipated.</p>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 4","pages":"e170123212803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10145343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hit or Miss: The Dilemma of Specimen Selection for Microbiological Diagnosis of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral- COVID-Associated Mucormycosis (ROCM-CAM).","authors":"Vidhi Jain,&nbsp;Alisha Aggarwal,&nbsp;Twishi Shrimali,&nbsp;Kirti Vishwakarma,&nbsp;Debaleena Paul,&nbsp;Sarika Prabhakar Kombade,&nbsp;Vidhu Sharma,&nbsp;Kapil Soni,&nbsp;Bikram Choudhary,&nbsp;Amit Goyal,&nbsp;Ankita Chugh,&nbsp;Sarbesh Tiwari,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;Ashwini Agarwal,&nbsp;Sanjeev Misra","doi":"10.2174/1871526522666220816110905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526522666220816110905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We diagnosed various cases of rhino-orbital-cerebral- COVID-associated Mucormycosis (ROCM-CAM) during India's second wave of COVID-19. This helped formulate novel suggestions for improving laboratory output, applicable anywhere in the world.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To diagnose ROCM-CAM by microbiological methods, we used direct microscopy and conventional culture on various clinical samples within the shortest turn-around time.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective single-center observational study.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Patients with ROCM-CAM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 113 suspected cases of ROCM-CAM during May 2021, direct microscopy and culture could confirm the disease in 87.61% and 44.25% of patients, respectively. The highest pathogen isolation was seen from maxillary bone fragments, FESS-guided biopsy from pterygopalatine fossae, nasal turbinates and nasal mucosal biopsy. Direct microscopy could diagnose the disease in almost 40% of patients within 24 hours and 60% within two days. Conventional cultures yielded Rhizopus spp. (86%) as the commonest fungal pathogen followed by Mucor spp. (12%) within 7 days. Deep tissue biopsies are more useful for rapid diagnosis than superficial specimens. Routine fungal cultures can supplement case detection and help prognosticate survivors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The management of ROCM is a surgical emergency. The diagnosis of the condition must therefore be prompt and precise. Despite ongoing antifungal therapy, nasal mucosal tissue, FESSguided, and intra-operative tissue biopsies showed the pathogen's highest diagnostic yield. The diagnostic index improved further when multiple (4-5) high-quality specimens were collected. Nasal swabs and crusts, among the most commonly requested specimens worldwide, were found to have an overall low diagnostic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 1","pages":"e160822207524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10665210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Potential of Photodynamic Therapy in Skin Disorder.","authors":"Arun Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Rishabha Malviya,&nbsp;Swati Verma","doi":"10.2174/1871526522666220907113617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526522666220907113617","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 2","pages":"e070922208600"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10225532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS CoV-2 Omicron (B. 1.1. 529) Recent Updates and Challenges Worldwide.","authors":"Rina Das,&nbsp;Sherril Yadav,&nbsp;Vishal Sharma,&nbsp;Sumeet Gupta,&nbsp;Anju Goyal,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar Mehta","doi":"10.2174/1871526523666230324113146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526523666230324113146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current world is plagued by unpredictability as a result of various COVID-19 variants. The current variants of concern (VOCs) are B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta), P.1 (Gamma) and B.1.617/B.1.617.2(Delta). WHO classified two variants, delta (B.1.617.2) and omicron (B.1.1.529), as having highly mutable strikes. The WHO predicted that it would be more dangerous than previous variants due to its mutatable capability. The Omicron variant of coronavirus has caused widespread disruption, with countries struggling to manage the massive number of infections. Due to its unique properties, such as protein structure, symptoms, transmission, and epidemiology, this review aims to compare omicron to other variants. Furthermore, we have highlighted vaccines that have been used to combat this pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 5","pages":"e240323214950"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10217950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenovirus Meningoencephalitis and Neurocysticercosis Co-infection: First Case from India.","authors":"Anju Dinkar,&nbsp;Jitendra Singh,&nbsp;Bhavya J,&nbsp;Swati Singh,&nbsp;Nilesh Kumar,&nbsp;Kailash Kumar","doi":"10.2174/1871526523666230329123428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526523666230329123428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adenovirus generally causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections. It is common in children and occasionally in adults. Neurological involvement is rare, which may be mild aseptic meningitis to potentially fatal acute necrotizing encephalopathy. Recently, viruses have been reported increasingly to cause CNS infections. Viral aetiology typically varies with age.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here, we report an unusual adenovirus meningoencephalitis with a co-infection of neurocysticercosis in an immunocompetent adult patient. An 18-year-old healthy female student was admitted with fever and headache for 11 days and progressive altered behaviour for 5 days, followed by altered sensorium for 3 days. This variable and unusual presentation of adenoviral infection involving CNS provoked diagnostic difficulties, but with the help of advanced diagnostics, especially molecular, exact aetiology was detected. Even with the neurocysticercosis infection in this patient, the outcome was not adversely affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This unusual co-infection with a successful outcome is the first case of this type in literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 5","pages":"e290323215132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10217959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Avoidance and Emotional Deprivation of Healthcare Providers during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Esmaeil Mehraeen,&nbsp;Parinaz Paranjkhoo,&nbsp;SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi,&nbsp;Daniel Hackett","doi":"10.2174/1871526523666230516155643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526523666230516155643","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 6","pages":"e160523216981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10218101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Activity of Curcumin: A Systematic Review of Pre-clinical Studies.","authors":"Hamed Kalani,&nbsp;Pegah Shakib,&nbsp;Roghiyeh Faridnia,&nbsp;Jeffery Ho,&nbsp;Omid Mardanshah,&nbsp;Mehrdad Dolatshah,&nbsp;Asghar Sepahvand,&nbsp;Kourosh Cheraghipour,&nbsp;Masoomeh Zivdaria","doi":"10.2174/1871526522666220820185637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871526522666220820185637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study has focused on anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of curcumin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this systematic review, anti-parasitic activity of Curcuma longa on Toxoplasma gondii was assessed. Therefore, several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar, were searched from 2010 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2200 papers retrieved between 2010 and 2020, six articles were reliable and were scrutinized. In 2 in vitro studies, the most used strain was the RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii, whereas among 4 in vivo studies, RH strain was found in 2 (50%) studies, Me49 strain in 1(25%) study, and RH and Me49 strain in 1 (25%) study. In four in vivo studies, the most used animal model was BALB/c, and Swiss albino was found in 1 study (25%) and Albino rats in 1 study (25%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Curcumin and nanoparticles formulated with curcumin are new and useful agents for the treatment of parasitic diseases and reduction of drug resistance. The success of this therapeutic approach stems from the specific action of Curcuma longa against parasites and pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":13678,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"23 2","pages":"e200822207821"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9775702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}