Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Разработка и Исследование Экономического Поведения Домохозяйств в Изменяющихся Условиях (Development and Research of Economic Behavior of Households in Changing Conditions)","authors":"M. Levin, K. Matrosova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3168545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3168545","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> Домохозяйства как сложный экономический объект, состоящий из одного или нескольких агентов, является значимым участником функционирования и развития экономики. Взаимодействие лиц, принимающих индивидуальные и коллективные решения, существенно зависит от внутренних и внешних условий. Основные направления исследования включают в себя принятие решений семьей или домашним хозяйством о потреблении и сбережении, распределении времени и инвестиций в человеческий капитал, а также вопросы, связанные с браком, разводом, рождаемостью и выходом на пенсию. Целью нашего исследования являются исследование микроэкономических моделей, помогающих прогнозировать экономическое поведение домашних хозяйств в изменяющихся условиях как внутри семьи, так и вне ее. <b>English Abstract:</b> Household as a complex economic object consisting of one or more agents, is a one of the main participants in the economy. The interaction of individuals who make individual and collective decisions depends significantly on internal and external conditions. The main purposes of this research include the decision making by the family or household about consumption and savings, the resource allocation and investment in human capital, the issues related to marriage, divorce, birth and retirement. The aim of our research is to study microeconomic models that help predict the economic behavior of households in a changing conditions.","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77935891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Проблемы научно-инновационного развития промышленного сектора региона (на примере Саратовской области) (Problems of Scientific and Innovative Development of the Industrial Sector of the Region (by the Example of the Saratov Region))","authors":"Vitaly Sakhnenko","doi":"10.22394/1682-2358-2018-1-56-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22394/1682-2358-2018-1-56-63","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> Рассматривается роль региональных участников научной фазы инновационного процесса, в частности их вклад в проведение НИР и ОКР. Анализируется состояние региональной системы управления инновациями в промышленности. Автором предлагаются направления деятельности по совершенствованию системы научно-инновационного развития на уровне региона. <b>English Abstract:</B> The role of regional participants in the scientific phase of the innovation process, in particular their contribution to R & D is considered. The state of the regional innovation management system in industry is analyzed. The author suggests the directions of activity on the improvement of the system of scientific and innovative development at the level of the region.","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89873337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Mommies Become Nannies: The Effects of Parental Retirement Across Generations","authors":"Yi Chen, Xiaoyun Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3146737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3146737","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the effect of parental retirement on the next generation through intergenerational time transfer. We investigate a series of consequences, including women's time allocation, fertility decisions, labor force participation, and subjective well-being. The study uses data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) and employs regression discontinuity estimation to account for the potential endogeneity in mothers' retirement decisions. The mandatory retirement age (50 for blue-collar women) in China is used as an exogenous variation of retirement decisions. The results show that maternal retirement decreases women's childcare time by eight hours per week. At the same time, the retirement of mothers/in-law significantly increases the employment rate of women with children by 12%. Women are also more likely to give birth around their mother's retirement age. This paper contributes new findings to the literature on the intergenerational effects of retirement and provides important evidence of the intergenerational consequences of pension reforms that delay retirement in China. The effects are expected to be larger in the coming years as a result of the two-child policy implemented in 2016. The results suggest that childcare services need to be improved and developed if the government wants to increase female labor force participation.","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84717731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk-Taking Incentives and Returns on R&D Investment","authors":"Bruce K. Billings, James R. Moon, Richard M. Morton, Dana M. Wallace","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3141196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3141196","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional finance theory suggests that riskier investments should yield higher returns. Challenging this notion, anecdotal and empirical evidence suggests that highly-incented managers may take on excessive risk, leading to greater losses, while other theoretical research argues that high levels of option-based compensation may actually lead to greater risk aversion, resulting in lower return investment choices. Therefore, we assess whether incentives associated with stock option compensation (“vega”), presumed to increase managers’ appetite for risk, uniformly yield higher returns on R&D investment. Our results suggest that the return on R&D, as measured by future earnings and patent awards, varies concavely with vega. That is, low to moderate levels of vega correspond to increasing returns on R&D, consistent with vega inducing more profitable investments, but marginal returns decline as vega increases. Supplemental analyses suggest that these results are driven by greater risk aversion rather than excessive risk-taking. Overall, our results imply that risk-taking incentives (i.e., vega) may prove counterproductive.","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86835974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Labor Reallocation and Demographics","authors":"Joanna Tyrowicz, Lucas Augusto van der Velde","doi":"10.1016/J.JCE.2017.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCE.2017.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86205567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Russia Face Potato Shortage","authors":"N. Shagaida","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3131571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3131571","url":null,"abstract":"The reports which were made public late in 2017 and early in 2018 on a decrease in potato output in the Russian Federation and substantial growth in potato imports do not reflect the actual state of things. Potato output is still at the average multi-year level. Despite some price rises, potato prices remain low. They are unable to instigate the food inflation because the share of potato is insignificantly low in the cost of the food basket.","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74766582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tempi Moderni: Dalla Parasubordinazione Alle Piattaforme Di Lavoro (Modern Times: From Parasubordinazione (Quasisubordinate) to Labour Platform)","authors":"Massimo De Minicis, E. Mandrone, M. Marocco","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3126701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3126701","url":null,"abstract":"Italian Abstract: La tecnologia consente scambi di beni e servizi un tempo impensabili in termini di tempi e costi. Questa possibilita nuova (la vera New economy) richiede, per il lavoro necessario alla sua realizzazione, una nuova declinazione, legata piu al versante dello scambio che a quello della produzione. La dimensione dell’occupazione derivante dalle cd. Labour platform e ancora modesta, ma desta grande preoccupazione sia in termini quantitativi (nuove professioni probabilmente sostituiranno progressivamente le vecchie, andra valutato se il saldo sara positivo), sia in termini qualitativi (appare forte l’asimmetria che il lavoro sconta rispetto a piattaforme globali, vere e propri colossi economici). Queste dinamiche, tutto sommato, classiche all’interno del conflitto tra capitale e lavoro si fronteggiano su piani extra-nazionali e dimensioni molto grandi, difficilmente governabili dai singoli ordinamenti. L’esperienza insegna. Nel nostro paese, solo negli anni recenti, piu volte si sono dovute fronteggiare fughe dal lavoro subordinato, l’utilizzo improprio di forme di lavoro atipiche o veri e propri abusi. Gli strumenti messi a punto per stimare la dimensione del lavoro improprio per forma rispetto alla natura reale della prestazione possono ancora essere validi nel lavoro digitale per identificare casi di falso lavoro autonomo. \u0000English Abstract: Technology allows exchanges a time considered incredible. This new possibility (the real New economy) requires a new declination of work, geared more to the exchange than to the production side. Employment from the Labor Platform is still modest, but seems to have a significant impact both quantitatively and qualitatively. These dynamics typical of the conflict between \"capital and work\" are now faced with extra-national plans and very large dimensions, hardly governed by individual regimes. Therefore, institutions and global solutions are needed to govern this change. Experience teaches. In our country, only in recent years, they have often faced leakage from subordinate work, improper use of atypical forms of abuse and abuses. The tools set up to estimate to identify false self-employment can still be valid in digital work.","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"9 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90053559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Экономическая Самонедостаточность России: Онтологическая Случайность Или Закономерность? (Economic Self-Insufficiency of Russia: Ontologic Incident or Regularity?)","authors":"L. Mullyar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3121617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3121617","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> В статье рассмотрены сущностные проявления феномена «экономическая самонедостаточность», установлена взаимозависимость степени экономической самонедостаточности и степени отчужденности субъекта от его социальной практики, обоснована необходимость трансформации ментальных установок россиян как условие подлинного обновления экономической системы. <b>English Abstract:</b> The article discusses the essential manifestation of the phenomenon of «economic self-sufficiency» degree of economic interdependence set economic self-sufficiency and the degree of alienation of the subject from his social practice, the necessity of transformation of the mentality of Russians plants as a condition of genuine renewal of the economic system.","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83709813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Return Migration and Self-Employment: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan","authors":"Tilman Brück, Clotilde Mahé, W. Naudé","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3129276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3129276","url":null,"abstract":"A common finding of the migration literature is that migrants are more likely to choose self-employment upon return to their origin countries than non-migrants. This has led to the belief that return migration stimulates entrepreneurship in source countries and hence supports economic development. In this paper, we test these assertions, drawing on the Life in Kyrgyzstan Study, a rich longitudinal data set from a transition economy with high levels of international temporary migration. We find that for return migrants, self-employment is often a temporary occupational choice, suggesting that self-employment serves as a 'parking lot'. In addition, we find evidence that return migrants who were self-employed before migrating are less likely to opt for self-employment on their return, implying that migration disrupts self-employment trajectories. Both findings cast doubt on the common narrative of return migration stimulating entrepreneurship and therefore economic development.","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90382225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proactive IT Organization","authors":"Adel Marghalani, Seetah Otaibi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3117256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3117256","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, the use of Information Technology (IT) support services has proved to be time-consuming for the customers and employees in any IT organization. Many chose not to include particular issues when reporting in such user support services, leading to reduced business productivity, low confidence levels that affect employee morale. As technology evolving rapidly, customers begin to embrace high-tech trends and business lead the implementation of new technology in their workplace. The attempt to bring new technologies by customers will greatly advance business productivity and efficiency. While there’s been a lot of debate about IT role and how IT can be ahead of business to drive innovation, automate business processes and to implement new technologies. It goes without saying that technology has become an integral part of any business operations. However, managing customer demands becoming a load, which impact resources from strategic planning and distribution. IT organizations should be proactive to provide a robust in delivering business applications and meeting their demands. This white paper is intended to demonstrate how IT can be proactive and ahead of business to gain a competitive advantage through IT that is measurable and cost effective.","PeriodicalId":13677,"journal":{"name":"Institutions & Transition Economics: Microeconomic Issues eJournal","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90228241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}