{"title":"A Study of three Tibetan letters attributed to Dorzhiev held by the St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences","authors":"Ishihama Yumiko, Inoue Takehiko","doi":"10.5117/9789463728645_ch05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463728645_ch05","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses three Tibetan letters held by the St. Petersburg\u0000 Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences and originally\u0000 collected by the Russian Orientalist Fyodor Shcherbatskoy. The three\u0000 letters are attributed to the well-known figure of Agvaan Dorzhiev, the\u0000 Buryat who became an aide of the Thirteenth Dalai Lama, but the authors\u0000 determine that only the third letter is actually by Dorzhiev, while the\u0000 other two were composed by a Kalmyk leader. The article discusses the\u0000 historical significance of each of the letters and provides an annotated\u0000 translation of them.","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129940327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Russian Archival Documents on the Revitalization of Buddhism Among the Kalmyks in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries","authors":"B. Kitinov","doi":"10.5117/9789463728645_ch06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463728645_ch06","url":null,"abstract":"Baatr Kitinov’s paper uses Russian archival documents to examine the late\u0000 nineteenth century revitalisation of Buddhism among the Russian Kalmyk\u0000 population. He identifies three stages in this process: 1. 1860–1880, when\u0000 Mongols wanted to “find” an incarnation of the Seventh Jebtsundamba\u0000 Khutughtu among the Kalmyks (“Turgut”) in Russia or Olüts in Chinese\u0000 Xinjiang; 2. 1880–1904, when the Dalai Lama was in Mongolia and Kalmyks\u0000 traveled to Tibet; and 3. from 1904 to the first years of Soviet power, during\u0000 which they maintained close contacts with the Dalai Lama. He also identifies\u0000 three internal factors for the revitalization of Buddhism amongst the\u0000 Kalmyks: 1. the revival of Tantrism in khurul practices; 2. the presence of\u0000 Buddhists from other lands among Kalmyks; 3. and the Russian authorities\u0000 permitting Kalmyks to visit the Dalai Lama in Urga.","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129201049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Tibet-Mongolia Political Interface in the First Half of the Twentieth Century","authors":"S. Kuzmin","doi":"10.5117/9789463728645_ch04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463728645_ch04","url":null,"abstract":"Sergey Kuzmin’s paper draws on Russian and Mongolian archives to\u0000 discuss the relationship between the Thirteenth Dalai Lama and the\u0000 Jebtsundamba Khutagtu in the context of their joint hopes for future\u0000 independence. This was promoted by the prevalence of Tibetan Buddhism\u0000 in Mongolia, the leadership of the Tibetan-born Jetsun Dampa Khutuktu,\u0000 the influential Tibetan colony in the Mongolian capital of Niislel Khuree,\u0000 and permanent contacts between Mongols and Tibetans. It demonstrates\u0000 how the two states co-ordinated their independence struggle during the\u0000 first half of the twentieth century. This association continued after the\u0000 two states had broken away from China and continued into the 1930s,\u0000 with individual Tibetan hierarchs becoming involved in local resistance\u0000 to the Socialist suppression of Buddhism in Mongolia.","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128418607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Russian Tsar as Cakravartin","authors":"N. Tsyrempilov","doi":"10.5117/9789463728645_ch08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463728645_ch08","url":null,"abstract":"Based on Russian archival documents and hitherto poorly known primary\u0000 sources, Nikolay Tsyrempilov’s paper is a study of the Buryat Buddhist\u0000 perception and interpretation of the Russian emperors’ enthronement\u0000 ceremonies. Buryat Buddhist hierarchs were among the many Central\u0000 Asian elites invited to the coronation of Tsar Nicholas II in 1896. The\u0000 paper argues that the Buddhists did not simply share their Orthodox\u0000 counterparts’ understanding of the ceremony, but also gave new meaning\u0000 to it within the frames of their own religious worldview and Buddhist\u0000 conceptions of kingship. In this understanding, Moscow and St. Petersburg\u0000 became Pure Lands made holy thanks to the presence of an enlightened\u0000 deity, the Tsar.","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121700553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Buddhist Devotion to the Russian Tsar:","authors":"Inoue Takehiko","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv28hj38x.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv28hj38x.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"644 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116089851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Friendship and Antagonism","authors":"Tachibana Makoto","doi":"10.5117/9789463728645_ch03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463728645_ch03","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is particularly concerned with the economic aspects of the\u0000 Thirteenth Dalai Lama’s Mongolian exile. His presence there eclipsed the\u0000 authority of Mongolia’s highest incarnation, the Jebtsundamba Khutughtu,\u0000 and offerings formerly given to the Mongolian leader were gifted to the\u0000 Tibetan leader. Tibetans accompanying their leader also became an\u0000 important economic presence in Mongolia, and in the final part of the\u0000 paper the author discusses the implications of this Tibetan presence after\u0000 1913, when Mongolia and Tibet afforded each other mutual diplomatic\u0000 recognition amidst claims to independence. The revitalization of the\u0000 interchange between Tibet and Mongolia resulted not only in friendship,\u0000 but also in antagonism.","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123545579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Struggle between Tradition and Modernity in the Early Twentieth Century of the Tibetan Buddhist World","authors":"Hamugetu","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv28hj38x.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv28hj38x.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117045873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Buddhist Devotion to the Russian Tsar : The Bicultural Environment of the Don Kalmyk Sangha and Russian Orthodox Church in the 1830s","authors":"Inoue Takehiko","doi":"10.5117/9789463728645_ch07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463728645_ch07","url":null,"abstract":"Inoue Takehiko’s paper analyses how the close and long-lasting relationship\u0000 between Kalmyk Buddhists and Don Cossacks (in the Don Cossack\u0000 province) developed during the nineteenth century. This relationship\u0000 was mediated both by Kalmyk Buddhist monks and the requirements of\u0000 military and religious services to the Tsar, leading to transformations in\u0000 the identity of this Kalmyk group. He uses the example of the ceremony\u0000 surrounding the opening of a Kalmyk Parish school in 1839 to demonstrate\u0000 how both parties sought to combine their socio-religious cultures in\u0000 furtherance of the alliance of their interests.","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134120913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"9 The Struggle between Tradition and Modernity in the Early Twentieth Century of the Tibetan Buddhist World","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9789048553068-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048553068-012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129682916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"7. Buddhist Devotion to the Russian Tsar: The Bicultural Environment of the Don Kalmyk Sangha and Russian Orthodox Church in the 1830s","authors":"Inoue Takehiko","doi":"10.1515/9789048553068-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048553068-010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":136147,"journal":{"name":"The Early 20th Century Resurgence of the Tibetan Buddhist World","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123129330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}