Moscow University Psychology Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Features of psychosemantic description of functional states.","authors":"M. M. Abdullaeva","doi":"10.11621/VSP.2019.01.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/VSP.2019.01.34","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123987714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of time intervals for different functional states of a working person.","authors":"M. Shirokaya","doi":"10.11621/vsp.2019.01.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2019.01.141","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131308141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive effects of mental fatigue.","authors":"B. Velichkovsky","doi":"10.11621/vsp.2019.01.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2019.01.108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116741723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Psychological niches\": topos and chronos in determination of the subject’s professional specialization.","authors":"V. Tolochek","doi":"10.11621/vsp.2019.01.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2019.01.195","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124337633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological functional state self-regulation and professional success.","authors":"A. Kuznetsova, M. Titova, T. Zlokazova","doi":"10.11621/vsp.2019.01.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2019.01.51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127790684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GROUP AS AN OBJECT: IMMATURITY OR DESTRUCTION?","authors":"E. N. Lisova","doi":"10.11621/vsp.2020.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2020.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The study of the “pole” of a group as an object is important for a more complete understanding of the patterns of the group’s development. Information about the incompleteness and impermanence of the subjective manifestation of a group has not yet been considered from the standpoint of different forms of its function as an object. Understanding of the essence of groups that have not developed subjective potential is limited. Objective. To develop an appropriate system-subject approach to the theoretical foundations of the study of the group as an object. Method. Theoretical analysis of the group as an object from the standpoint of a system-subject approach. Results. The article describes the features of the group as an object, reflecting not only internal but also external connections, the underdevelopment of various forms of activity, and moral and psychological damage to the community and its social environment. External and intra-group factors of the group as an object were considered, showing the effect of the protective mechanisms of its development. The forms of the group as an object were identified, taking into account the coverage of group life, the stability of its manifestation, and the stage of group functioning. Conclusion. A comprehensive analysis of intra- and inter-group factors and attributes of the group as an object allows us to test whether its manifestations are signs of its immaturity or of its destruction. The stability of “objectness” as a variant of immaturity or of destruction of the group is a promising direction of study.","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116794032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMPATHY AND IMPLICIT THEORIES OF EMOTIONS AND PERSONALITY IN A CHINESE SAMPLE","authors":"T. Kornilova, Zhou Qiuqi","doi":"10.11621/vsp.2021.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2021.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Empathy is widely recognized as a multifaceted trait that includes cognitive and emotional components. The Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCEI) (Reniers et al., 2011) has been widely used in many countries. However, the question of its factor structure as applied to the Chinese samples was not resolved in two previous works Our approbation allowed us to clarify its psychometric characteristics, which is important for its further application in China and in cross-cultural studies.The problem of the relationship between the implicit theories (IT) of emotions and personality and empathy, which has not yet been investigated, is also relevant. Objective. 1) re-adaptation of the QCEI questionnaire on a Chinese sample, 2) testing hypotheses about the connections of implicit theories of personality and the ability to control emotions with the cognitive and affective components of empathy (on a Chinese sample). Design. 1,319 Chinese participants completed the QCEI questionnaire, of which 520 in person and 799 through online communication. Their data was randomly split into two samples. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out for the first sample, and confirmatory factor analysis was done for the second one. These 1319 people filled out the questionnaire of implicit theories of emotions (ITE). 520 participants filled out the questionnaire of implicit theories of personality (ITP) as well. To assess the convergent validity of our Chinese version of the QCAE questionnaire 799 participants also completed the M. Davis IRI empathy questionnaire. Results. A four-factor QCAE model was established for the Chinese sample (as opposed to the author’s five-factor model); IRI components are significantly positively correlated with QCAE components, which indicates the commonality of their nomological network. Based on the fact that the incrementality index for ITE is significantly and positively correlated with cognitive empathy, we accepted the hypothesis of the cognitive component as the leading one in the person’s assumption about the possibility of controlling emotions. The ITP incrementality index positively correlates only with the “Adjustment” subscale, which indicates a lower representation of the cognitive component in ITP in the Chinese sample. It follows from our results that the hypothesis on the connection of the affective component of empathy with the IT of emotions and personality can be rejected.","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"284 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120868096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE RO LE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ECONOMIC DECISION-MAKING: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND RISK-TAKING","authors":"T. Folomeeva, Ekaterina D. Sadovskaia, F. Vinokurov, S. Fedotova","doi":"10.11621/vsp.2022.03.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2022.03.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Artifi cial Intelligence is being actively introduced into the economic life of the country in the context of the digital economy. Features of economic decision-making based on Artifi cial Intelligence are becoming an extremely relevant area of research in social psychology. Objective of the study was to identify the features of economic decision-making based on recommendations obtained using artifi cial intelligence. Methods. Th e study took place in two stages: an interview and an experiment. Sample. Th e sample of the fi rst stage was 8 people (4 men and 4 women, age 18–45). At the second stage, the sample consisted of 289 people (48 men and 241 women), aged 18–25 years. Results. At the fi rst stage, possible factors of trust and distrust in Artifi cial Intelligence-based programs were formulated, including the context of economic decisions. At the second stage, an experiment was conducted where participants were asked to play a stock exchange simulator. Th e game had the option of contacting an economic adviser. In the experimental group, the adviser was a program based on Artifi cial Intelligence, in the control group — a person. 5652 economic decisions of the participants were analyzed in terms of the degree of risk of these decisions. Conclusion 1. Using a recommendation in the process of an economic decision making has a signifi cant impact on the willingness to risk a resource. 2. In case of agreement with the recommendation, if the source of the recommendation was a program based on Artifi cial Intelligence technology, then the willingness to take risks was higher. 3. Such an eff ect can be explained by the specifi cs of the situation of an economic decision-making: the task is quite formal, the time to solve the problem is limited and the decision-making situation is accompanied by a high degree of uncertainty about the consequences of this decision.","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124865536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POSSIBILITIES OF PSYCHOSEMANTIC APPROACH FOR THE ANALYSIS OF MODERN SPECIALISTS’ PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY","authors":"M. M. Abdullaeva","doi":"10.11621/vsp.2021.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2021.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The article analyzes the problems of modern researchers studying the “man — work” system from the standpoint of post-nonclassical models that develop the idea of “subjectivity” in the relationship between man and world. It is necessary to develop a methodological approach for an adequate noncontroversial description of the world of professionals. Such an approach should describe this system in a consistent way, allow for correlation of ideas about it with the reality itself and remove the limitations associated with the researcher’s abilities. Objective. The purpose of the paper is to discuss the possibilities of psychosemantic approach for studying professional activity on the example of two pieces of empirical research on the activities of medical workers employed by commercial and budgetary organizations and having to do with different contingents of patients. Methods. In the studies conducted we used the survey methods “Integral Satisfaction with Work” (developed by V.A. Rozanova), “Professional Burnout” (N. E. Vodopyaynova, E.S. Starchenkova) and psychosemantic methods: semantic differential “My Work”; free associations; 10 unfinished sentences on the topic “My Work”; C. Osgood’s 14-scale semantic differential modified by E.Yu. Artemyeva. Sample. The study involved 212 doctors with different career span, of which 66 people are employees of budget hospitals, 36 people work in commercial medical centers, 60 people are maternity hospital employees, and 50 people work in a hospice. Results. Semantic features such as “emotional tone of assessment”, “ratio of semantic coincidence between descriptions of different “types” of work object (in our case,“Man” and “Patient”)” and “abstractness/concreteness of descriptions” reflect the conceptual characteristics of professional experience of doctors working in different organizations and with different contingents of patients. Conclusions. The psychosemantic approach to studying the “person — work” system, in which the activity approach of a person to the world is postulated, makes it possible to provide an adequate description of complex systems in a changing environment. The methods of psychosemantics, due to their “sensitivity” to shades of meaning of the words used by respondents, correspond to the idea of post-nonclassical models of mental determination, when external influences are mediated by the activity of a person and by the current structures of his or her subjective experience.","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125836141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THEORY AND DIAGNOSTICS OF PROFESSIONALLY IMPORTANT QUALITIES IN COMPONENTS OF SPORTS ACTS","authors":"B. Bespalov","doi":"10.11621/vsp.2023.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11621/vsp.2023.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Y e concept of “professionally important quality” (PIQ) of a person, introduced in the beginning of the past century in industrial psychology, is now also used in psychology of professional sports. Modern studies of PIQ are based on an intuitive, empirical understanding of what the qualities or properties of a person are, how they arise, function and develop in sports acts, what the criteria of their importance in achieving high results in sports are. Y is concept of PIQ does not explain the correlation between particular qualities or their connections to indicators of success in performance. Y is creates the need and urgency of searching for and developing such a theory of PIQ, which would reveal their essence as well as the underlying correlations between possible psychological mechanisms of PIQ in connection with the success of sports acts. Objective. Y e purpose of this study is to analyze the existing deZ nitions of the concept of PIQ in professional activity and sports acts. Y e article seeks to formulate a theoretical concept of PIQ, as well as to justify the application of this concept not only to athletes, but also to other main components of sports activity (to their objects, tools, motives, goals, etc.).Y is goal also includes the description of the di[ erences between the methods of constructing empirical and theoretical concepts. Methods. When developing the theoretical concept of PIQ (as well as other concepts of the theory of acts), the method of constructing concepts “from the general to the particular” is used, which is similar to the method of “ascent from the abstract to the concrete” (Zinoviev, 2002). Y e concepts of “property”, “quality” and PIQ are consistently built on the basis of a more general concept of “interaction” of people with the world, which is interpreted, as mutual in uence, leading to a change in people and the world in some directions. Interaction is also considered as the main dynamic relationship between people and the world, in which social, psychological and other properties and relationships of people, including their PIQ, are generated, manifested and developed. Results. Y e connection between the concepts of “property” and “interaction” is established in the article by identifying the properties of a person with the directions of the changes occurring in human interactions with the components of the world. Y e result of a person’s change in the direction corresponding to a certain property correlates with the value of the property, which can be expressed in numbers or described in words. When analyzing the concepts of PIQ developed in applied psychology, the following deZ nition was formulated and justiZ ed: PIQ is the quality of the components of sports acts that is “necessary or useful” for their successful development or implementation and can be statistically signiZ cantly related to the indicators of success in the act. Y e concept of anti-PIQ is logically dual. Y is quality is “not ne","PeriodicalId":135988,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Psychology Bulletin","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122627866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}