Instruments最新文献_第10页

Enhanced Proton Tracking with ASTRA Using Calorimetry and Deep Learning 使用量热法和深度学习的ASTRA增强质子跟踪

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/instruments6040058

C. Jesús-Valls, M. Granado-González, T. Lux, T. Price, Federico Sánchez

引用次数: 0

Hadron-Induced Radiation Damage in Fast Heavy Inorganic Scintillators 快速重无机闪烁体中强子诱导的辐射损伤

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.3390/instruments6040057

Chen Hu, Fan Yang, Liyuan Zhang, R. Zhu, J. Kapustinsky, Xuan Li, M. Mocko, Ronald O. Nelson, S. Wender, Zhehui Wang

引用次数: 2

Noble Liquid Calorimetry for FCC-ee FCC-ee的惰性液体量热法

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/instruments6040055

N. Morange

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Crystal Light Yield Non-Proportionality on a Typical Calorimetric Space Experiment: Beam Test Measurements and Monte Carlo Simulations 晶体光产率非比例性对典型量热空间实验的影响:光束测试测量和蒙特卡罗模拟

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/instruments6040053

L. Pacini, O. Adriani, E. Berti, P. Betti, G. Bigongiari, L. Bonechi, M. Bongi, S. Bottai, P. Brogi, G. Castellini, C. Checchia, R. D’Alessandro, S. Detti, N. Finetti, P. Maestro, P. Marrocchesi, N. Mori, M. Olmi, P. Papini, C. Poggiali, S. Ricciarini, P. Spillantini, O. Starodubtsev, F. Stolzi, A. Tiberio, E. Vannuccini

{"title":"The Impact of Crystal Light Yield Non-Proportionality on a Typical Calorimetric Space Experiment: Beam Test Measurements and Monte Carlo Simulations","authors":"L. Pacini, O. Adriani, E. Berti, P. Betti, G. Bigongiari, L. Bonechi, M. Bongi, S. Bottai, P. Brogi, G. Castellini, C. Checchia, R. D’Alessandro, S. Detti, N. Finetti, P. Maestro, P. Marrocchesi, N. Mori, M. Olmi, P. Papini, C. Poggiali, S. Ricciarini, P. Spillantini, O. Starodubtsev, F. Stolzi, A. Tiberio, E. Vannuccini","doi":"10.3390/instruments6040053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments6040053","url":null,"abstract":"Calorimetric space experiments were employed for the direct measurements of cosmic-ray spectra above the TeV region. According to several theoretical models and recent measurements, relevant features in both electron and nucleus fluxes are expected. Unfortunately, sizable disagreements among the current results of different space calorimeters exist. In order to improve the accuracy of future experiments, it is fundamental to understand the reasons of these discrepancies, especially since they are not compatible with the quoted experimental errors. A few articles of different collaborations suggest that a systematic error of a few percentage points related to the energy-scale calibration could explain these differences. In this work, we analyze the impact of the nonproportionality of the light yield of scintillating crystals on the energy scale of typical calorimeters. Space calorimeters are usually calibrated by employing minimal ionizing particles (MIPs), e.g., nonshowering proton or helium nuclei, which feature different ionization density distributions with respect to particles included in showers. By using the experimental data obtained by the CaloCube collaboration and a minimalist model of the light yield as a function of the ionization density, several scintillating crystals (BGO, CsI(Tl), LYSO, YAP, YAG and BaF2) are characterized. Then, the response of a few crystals is implemented inside the Monte Carlo simulation of a space calorimeter to check the energy deposited by electromagnetic and hadronic showers. The results of this work show that the energy scale obtained by MIP calibration could be affected by sizable systematic errors if the nonproportionality of scintillation light is not properly taken into account.","PeriodicalId":13582,"journal":{"name":"Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70125919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Non-Inductive Magnetic Eye-Tracker: From Dipole Tracking to Gaze Retrieval 一种无感磁眼动仪：从偶极跟踪到视线检索

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/instruments7010008

V. Biancalana, P. Chessa

引用次数: 2

Upgrade of ATLAS Hadronic Tile Calorimeter for the High-Luminosity LHC 高亮度强子对撞机ATLAS强子瓦量热计的改进

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/instruments6040054

P. Starovoitov

{"title":"Upgrade of ATLAS Hadronic Tile Calorimeter for the High-Luminosity LHC","authors":"P. Starovoitov","doi":"10.3390/instruments6040054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments6040054","url":null,"abstract":"The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is a sampling hadronic calorimeter covering the central region of the ATLAS experiment, with steel as the absorber and plastic scintillators as the active medium. The High-Luminosity phase of the LHC, delivering five times the LHC’s nominal instantaneous luminosity, is expected to begin in 2029. TileCal will require new electronics to meet the requirements of a 1 MHz trigger, higher ambient radiation, and to ensure better performance under high pile-up conditions. Both the on- and off-detector TileCal electronics will be replaced during the shut-down of 2026–2028. The photomultiplier tube (PMT) signals from every TileCal cell will be digitized and sent directly to the back-end electronics, where the signals are reconstructed, stored, and sent to the first level of the trigger at a rate of 40 MHz. This will provide better precision in the calorimeter signals used by the trigger system and will allow the development of more complex trigger algorithms. The modular front-end electronics feature radiation-tolerant, commercial, off-the-shelf components and a redundant design to maintain system performance in case of single points of failure. The timing, control, and communication interface with the off-detector electronics is implemented with modern Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and high-speed fiber optic links running up to 9.6 Gb/s. The TileCal upgrade program has included extensive R&D and test beam studies. A Demonstrator module with reverse compatibility with respect to the existing system was inserted in ATLAS in August 2019 for testing in actual detector conditions. The ongoing developments for on- and off-detector systems, together with expected performance characteristics and results of test-beam campaigns with the electronics prototypes, will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":13582,"journal":{"name":"Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43376839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Tracker-in-Calorimeter (TIC) Project: A Calorimetric New Solution for Space Experiments 跟踪量热计(TIC)项目:空间实验的量热新解决方案

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.3390/instruments6040052

Gabriele Bigongiari , Oscar Adriani , Giovanni Ambrosi , Philipp Azzarello , Andrea Basti , E. Berti, Bruna Bertucci , Lorenzo Bonechi , Massimo Bongi , Sergio Bottai , Mirko Brianzi , P. Brogi, Guido Castellini , Enrico Catanzani , Caterina Checchia , Raffaello D’Alessandro , Sebastiano Detti , Matteo Duranti , Noemi Finetti , Valerio Formato , Maria Ionica , Paolo Maestro , Fernando Maletta , Pier Simone Marrocchesi , Nicola Mori , Lorenzo Pacini , Paolo Papini , S. Ricciarini, Gianluigi Silvestre , Piero Spillantini , O. Starodubtsev, F. Stolzi, Jung Eun Suh , Arta Sulaj , A. Tiberio, Elena Vannuccini

{"title":"Tracker-in-Calorimeter (TIC) Project: A Calorimetric New Solution for Space Experiments","authors":"Gabriele Bigongiari , Oscar Adriani , Giovanni Ambrosi , Philipp Azzarello , Andrea Basti , E. Berti, Bruna Bertucci , Lorenzo Bonechi , Massimo Bongi , Sergio Bottai , Mirko Brianzi , P. Brogi, Guido Castellini , Enrico Catanzani , Caterina Checchia , Raffaello D’Alessandro , Sebastiano Detti , Matteo Duranti , Noemi Finetti , Valerio Formato , Maria Ionica , Paolo Maestro , Fernando Maletta , Pier Simone Marrocchesi , Nicola Mori , Lorenzo Pacini , Paolo Papini , S. Ricciarini, Gianluigi Silvestre , Piero Spillantini , O. Starodubtsev, F. Stolzi, Jung Eun Suh , Arta Sulaj , A. Tiberio, Elena Vannuccini ","doi":"10.3390/instruments6040052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments6040052","url":null,"abstract":"A space-based detector dedicated to measurements of γ-rays and charged particles has to achieve a balance between different instrumental requirements. A good angular resolution is necessary for the γ-rays, whereas an excellent geometric factor is needed for the charged particles. The tracking reference technique of γ-ray physics is based on a pair-conversion telescope made of passive material (e.g., tungsten) coupled with sensitive layers (e.g., silicon microstrip). However, this kind of detector has a limited acceptance because of the large lever arm between the active layers, needed to improve the track reconstruction capability. Moreover, the passive material can induce fragmentation of nuclei, thus worsening charge reconstruction performances. The Tracker-In-Calorimeter (TIC) project aims to solve all these drawbacks. In the TIC proposal, the silicon sensors are moved inside a highly-segmented isotropic calorimeter with a couple of external scintillators dedicated to charge reconstruction. In principle, this configuration has a good geometrical factor, and the angle of the γ-rays can be precisely reconstructed from the lateral profile of the electromagnetic shower sampled, at different depths in the calorimeter, by silicon strips. The effectiveness of this approach has been studied with Monte Carlo simulations and validated with beam test data of a small prototype.","PeriodicalId":13582,"journal":{"name":"Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42531116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The SiD Digital ECal Based on Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors 基于单片有源像素传感器的SiD数字ECal

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.3390/instruments6040051

J. Brau, M. Breidenbach, Alexandre Habib, L. Rota, C. Vernieri

{"title":"The SiD Digital ECal Based on Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors","authors":"J. Brau, M. Breidenbach, Alexandre Habib, L. Rota, C. Vernieri","doi":"10.3390/instruments6040051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments6040051","url":null,"abstract":"The SiD detector concept capitalizes on high granularity in its tracker and calorimeter to achieve the momentum resolution and particle flow calorimetry physics goals in a compact design. The collaboration has had a long interest in the potential for improved granularity in both the tracker and ECal with an application of monolithic active pixel sensors (MAPS) and a study of MAPS in the SiD ECal was described in the ILC TDR. Work is progressing on the MAPS application in an upgraded SiD design with a prototyping design effort for a common SiD tracker/ECal design based on stitched reticules to achieve 10 × 10 cm2 sensors with 25 × 100 micron2 pixels. Application of large area MAPS in these systems would limit delicate and expensive bump-bonding, provide possibilities for better timing, and should be significantly cheaper than the TDR concept due to being a more conventional CMOS foundry process. The small pixels significantly improve shower separation. Recent simulation studies confirm previous performance projections, indicating electromagnetic energy resolution based on digital hit cluster counting provides better performance than the SiD TDR analog design based on 13 mm2 pixels. Furthermore, the two shower separation is excellent down to the millimeter scale. Geant4 simulation results demonstrate these expectations.","PeriodicalId":13582,"journal":{"name":"Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41683608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Preliminary Results from ADRIANO2 Test Beams ADRIANO2测试光束的初步结果

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.3390/instruments6040049

Corrado Gatto, G. Blazey, A. Dychkant, J. Elam, M. Figora, Todd Fletcher, K. Francis, Ao Liu, S. Los, Cole Le Mahieu, A. Mane, J. Marquez, Michael J. Murray, E. Ramberg, C. Royon, M. Syphers, R. W. Young, V. Zutshi

{"title":"Preliminary Results from ADRIANO2 Test Beams","authors":"Corrado Gatto, G. Blazey, A. Dychkant, J. Elam, M. Figora, Todd Fletcher, K. Francis, Ao Liu, S. Los, Cole Le Mahieu, A. Mane, J. Marquez, Michael J. Murray, E. Ramberg, C. Royon, M. Syphers, R. W. Young, V. Zutshi","doi":"10.3390/instruments6040049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments6040049","url":null,"abstract":"A novel high-granularity, dual-readout calorimetric technique (ADRIANO2) is under development as part of the research program of T1604 Collaboration. (Talk Presented at the 19th International Conference on Calorimetry in Particle Physics (CALOR 2022), University of Sussex, Sussex, UK, 16–20 May 2022). The building block of such a calorimeter consists of a pair of optically isolated, small size tiles made of scintillating plastic and lead glass. The prompt Čerenkov light from the glass can be exploited to perform high resolution timing measurements, while the high granularity provides good resolution of the spatial components of the shower. Dual-readout compensation and particle flow techniques can be applied simultaneously to the scintillation and to the Čerenkov section, providing excellent energy resolution as well as PID particle identification. These characteristics make ADRIANO2 a 6-D detector, suited for High Energy as well as High Intensity experiments. A report on the status of the ADRIANO2 project, preliminary measurements of light yield, and current and future R&D plans by T1604 Collaboration are discussed.","PeriodicalId":13582,"journal":{"name":"Instruments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43507584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning Techniques for Calorimetry 量热学的机器学习技术

Instruments Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.3390/instruments6040047

P. Simkina

引用次数: 2