Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal最新文献_第4页

Breaks and Breakouts: Explaining the Persistence of COVID-19 突破和爆发:解释COVID-19的持续存在

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3775506

Björn Thor Arnarson

引用次数: 1

The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oil Prices: Evidence From Turkey 新冠肺炎疫情对油价的影响:来自土耳其的证据

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-01-26 DOI: 10.46557/001C.18723

M. Kartal

引用次数: 23

Sodium Intake in the U.S.: Evidence From Scanner Data 美国的钠摄入量:来自扫描仪数据的证据

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-01-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3751512

C. Rojas, Ezgi Cengiz

{"title":"Sodium Intake in the U.S.: Evidence From Scanner Data","authors":"C. Rojas, Ezgi Cengiz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3751512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3751512","url":null,"abstract":"Diet quality can be improved via two factors: healthier product offerings by food manufacturers and healthier purchasing habits of consumers. In this paper, we take a closer look at sodium, a food constituent identified as an important determinant of several acute health problems. In 2009, food manufacturers in the U.S. voluntarily committed to substantial reductions in sodium content through a self-regulatory process known as the National Salt Reduction Initiative (NSRI). The NSRI set sodium reduction targets for 2012 and 2014, where the targets were based on a sales-weighted average of the sodium content across products. While the existing evidence suggests that the NSRI was partially successful in reducing sodium intake, a limitation of using a sales-weighted measure as a metric is that it conflates two effects: reformulation efforts by food manufacturers (the focal point of the initiative) and changes in consumer purchasing behavior. In this paper, we use UPC-level nutrition data on the near-universe of all packaged food products in the U.S. over 2007-2015 to quantify each effect. We find that the two effects exerted strikingly opposing forces, nearly canceling each other out: while reformulation efforts contribute to a 53% reduction in sodium intake, the changes in consumer shopping behavior increase the intake by 48.3%. Furthermore, our results show that lower income households as well as ethnic and racial minority groups experience the smallest sodium reductions. The results suggest that policy interventions towards reducing the sodium intake should focus on altering consumer behavior, especially in vulnerable populations.","PeriodicalId":13563,"journal":{"name":"Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86414420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Once índices bursátiles 2007- 7 enero 2021 y desempleo en 30 países 2000-2020 (Eleven Stock Market Indices 2007- January 7, 2021 and Unemployment in 30 Countries 2000-2020) Once índices bursátiles 2007- 7 enero 2021 y desempleo en 30 países 2000-2020(11个股票市场指数2007- 2021年1月7日和30个国家的失业率2000-2020)

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-01-13 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3765352

Pablo Fernández, Sofia Bañuls

{"title":"Once índices bursátiles 2007- 7 enero 2021 y desempleo en 30 países 2000-2020 (Eleven Stock Market Indices 2007- January 7, 2021 and Unemployment in 30 Countries 2000-2020)","authors":"Pablo Fernández, Sofia Bañuls","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3765352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3765352","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish Abstract: Se compara la evolucion de once indices bursatiles en el periodo 2007- 7 enero 2021 y se comparan los descensos de la “crisis del coronavirus” y los de la crisis de 2007… (financiera en algunos paises, politica-regulatoria-inmobiliaria-financiera en otros…), que en algunos paises puede darse por solucionada y en otros todavia no. \u0000El indice menos rentable en 2019-2020 fue el espanol IBEX 35. \u0000Tambien se muestra la evolucion del desempleo en 30 paises en el periodo 2000-2020. Los dos paises con mayor desempleo en febrero de 2013 y en 2020 fueron Grecia y Espana. \u0000 \u0000English Abstract: The evolution of eleven stock market indices in the period 2007-7 January 2021 is compared and the declines of the “coronavirus crisis” are compared with those of the 2007 crisis… (financial in some countries, policy-regulatory-real estate-financial in others ...), which in some countries may be considered resolved and in others not yet. The least profitable index in 2019-2020 was the Spanish IBEX 35. The evolution of unemployment in 30 countries in the period 2000-2020 is also shown. The two countries with the highest unemployment in February 2013 and in 2020 were Greece and Spain.","PeriodicalId":13563,"journal":{"name":"Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72823507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taxation and Banking Challenges for Medical Marijuana 医用大麻的税收和银行挑战

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3837662

Philip MacFarlane

引用次数: 0

Financing COVID-19 Deficits in Fiscally Dominant Economies: Is The Monetarist Arithmetic Unpleasant? 为财政主导经济体的COVID-19赤字融资:货币主义者的计算令人不快吗?

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3766673

Martin Uribe

{"title":"Financing COVID-19 Deficits in Fiscally Dominant Economies: Is The Monetarist Arithmetic Unpleasant?","authors":"Martin Uribe","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3766673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3766673","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus pandemic of 2019-20 confronted fiscally dominant regimes around the world with the question of whether the large deficits caused by the health crisis should be monetized or financed by issuing debt The unpleasant monetarist arithmetic of Sargent and Wallace (1981) states that in a fiscally dominant regime tighter money now can cause higher inflation in the future In spite of the qualifier 'unpleasant,' this result is positive in nature, and, therefore, void of normative content I analyze conditions under which it is optimal in a welfare sense for the central bank to delay inflation by issuing debt to finance part of the fiscal deficit The analysis is conducted in the context of a model in which the aforementioned monetarist arithmetic holds, in the sense that if the government finds it optimal to delay inflation, it does so knowing that it would result in higher inflation in the future The central result of the paper is that delaying inflation is optimal when the fiscal deficit is expected to decline over time [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of East Asian Economic Review (EAER) is the property of Korea Institute for International Economic Policy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )","PeriodicalId":13563,"journal":{"name":"Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73889177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Russian Industrial Sector in November 2020 2020年11月俄罗斯工业部门

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3749984

S. Tsukhlo

引用次数: 0

Cinderella's Slipper: A Better Approach to Regulating Cryptoassets as Securities 灰姑娘的拖鞋:将加密资产作为证券进行监管的更好方法

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-12-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3744254

Carol R. Goforth

{"title":"Cinderella's Slipper: A Better Approach to Regulating Cryptoassets as Securities","authors":"Carol R. Goforth","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3744254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3744254","url":null,"abstract":"The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seeks both to protect investors and to promote efficient capital formation, but in the context of cryptoassets these goals sometimes collide. The SEC vigorously reacts to fraudulent offerings of cryptoassets but has had to do so by forcing crypto into an antiquated framework designed with very different interests in mind. Even worse than the convoluted and complex arguments needed to force crypto into the existing category of “investment contracts,” once crypto is treated as a security, a host of onerous and inapt disclosure requirements and regulations follow. Developers, promoters, exchanges, and others who might assist in the sale of such assets are all forced into a regime that was never intended to cover this new class of assets. <br><br>This Article therefore suggests changes to the existing regulatory regime to more fairly apportion duties and responsibilities between regulators, issuers, promoters, and purchasers. This Article suggests that the SEC is the appropriate agency to oversee transactions in cryptoassets, but the underlying legislation should be amended to create a new category of securities, with different disclosure requirements and exemptions tailored to the informational needs of potential crypto purchasers. Maintaining the current anti-fraud rules will protect the public while allowing for innovation in this rapidly moving space. It will avoid wasting assets of both regulators and the regulated by eliminating the debate over whether crypto is or is not a security and will avoid duplication of efforts between the SEC and other federal regulators. It will also improve the relevance of available information for potential purchasers. This approach has the dual advantage of facilitating both parts of the SEC’s mission: protection of investors while supporting innovative capital formation for legitimate crypto enterprises.","PeriodicalId":13563,"journal":{"name":"Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90085482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

When Workers Travel: Nursing Supply During Covid-19 Surges 工作人员旅行时:Covid-19激增期间的护理供应

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.3386/w28240

J. Gottlieb, Avi Zenilman

引用次数: 5

Effects of Public Health Insurance Expansions on the Non-Healthcare Consumption Expenditures of Low-Income Households 公共医疗保险扩大对低收入家庭非医疗消费支出的影响

Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-11-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3740775

T. Panchalingam

{"title":"Effects of Public Health Insurance Expansions on the Non-Healthcare Consumption Expenditures of Low-Income Households","authors":"T. Panchalingam","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3740775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3740775","url":null,"abstract":"I explore patterns of non-healthcare consumption in targeted U.S. households due to public health insurance expansions. Specifically, I investigate the effects of the recent Medicaid expansions on eligible low-income households’ recurring food and other preventative non-healthcare consumption expenditures. I use a consumer panel data that deploys at-home scanner technology to track grocery purchases. Using an event-study design, and a triple difference-in-differences framework, I find that the Medicaid eligible households from expansion states spent less on fresh produce per adult and more on health and beauty products after the Medicaid expansion. Almost all the increase in the health and beauty product expenditure is due to an increase in expenditure on over-the-counter medications and remedies, which are more responsive and palliative than preventative in nature. The robust reduction in fresh produce expenditures and increase in expenditures on over-the-counter medications and remedies suggests that while expanded public health insurance increases formal healthcare activity and it decreases informal preventative non-healthcare expenditures. These new patterns of non-healthcare consumption may occur because of improved finances due to subsidized healthcare, changes in relative costs of healthcare and non-healthcare consumption, or the substitution between healthcare and preventative non-healthcare consumption. These findings may begin to shift the focus in the literature on the unintended consequences of Medicaid expansion from sins of commission, i.e., moral hazard responses such as increased smoking, alcohol use and junk food consumption, to sins of omission, i.e., responses in which preventative health habits erode.","PeriodicalId":13563,"journal":{"name":"Insurance & Financing in Health Economics eJournal","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86498612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0