Impact最新文献

{"title":"‘Adequate amount of data’‐driven system design theory: how far can we know/control/protect?","authors":"Tomonori Sadamoto","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"In contrast to the natural tendency of many researchers to focus on collecting as much data as possible, Assistant Professor Tomonori Sadamoto, from the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems at the University of Electro-Communications in Japan, believes that the\u0000 pursuit of big data is not always desirable. He is promoting a shift towards the acceptance of a “adequate amount of data”-driven system design theory. Sadamoto is concentrating on data-driven methodologies and their application in social systems. Through key international collaborations\u0000 with colleagues at leading institutions, he is advancing his research. His work on data-driven methodologies focuses on interdisciplinary studies that combine machine learning and control theory. His more applied work primarily falls within the realm of smart grids. In his projects, he formulates\u0000 his questions mathematically from the perspective of control theory. For instance, Sadamoto has developed a novel mathematical tool known as the VARX (vector autoregressive with exogenous input) framework, which facilitates the tractable analysis of dynamic systems. Using this new tool, he\u0000 has developed data-dependent system identification analyses when only an “insufficient amount of data” is available. Furthermore, for the first time, Sadamoto was able to demonstrate that the informativeness of data in a certain class of dynamic output controller design is equivalent\u0000 to the identification of the target system. His efforts are aimed at expanding the horizons of these novel control theories into the field of smart grids.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interdisciplinary studies on the evolution of senior high school English education in postwar Taiwan and the relevance to Japan's system","authors":"Seiko Hirai","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.60","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years in Japan, there has been an urgent need to develop logical, critical thinking, and communication skills in Japanese English education. While there has long been considerable research on Japan’s English language education system and that of other East Asian nations,\u0000 there has been less information available on the English education system in Taiwan. Despite similarities between the English education systems in Japan and Taiwan, there is less data on the Taiwanese system, which makes it difficult to draw comparisons between the two. This is the research\u0000 focus of Professor Seiko Hirai, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan. Hirai is interested in English education, with a particular focus on Taiwan, and her research also explores cognitive perspectives of bilingualism. Hirai has been investigating the English education\u0000 situation in Taiwan, with a focus on Taiwanese English textbooks. Hirai’s findings indicate that, as demonstrated by the Taiwanese English education situation, it is possible to develop communicative skills in tandem with critical thinking skills and that these are not mutually exclusive.\u0000 Her studies also suggest that literature materials used in Taiwanese English textbooks are useful for developing these skills, and for deepening the level and type of intellectual exposure to English in its many forms. There is some consensus in the literature that acquiring reading and writing\u0000 abilities in one language helps with the acquisition of reading and writing abilities in other languages and that this could possibly also improve higher thinking processes. Hiraiâ–™s research on the cognitive perspectives of bilingualism is ongoing but she is eager to promote\u0000 the improvement of communicative-based language development learning in Japanese school environments. She intends to collaborate with other researchers to explore how to improve Japanese English textbooks by using knowledge gained from her research on the Taiwanese system as well as research\u0000 on other East Asian nations.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"32 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the formation of weathering substances as reserve materials for collapse and climatic conditions","authors":"Chiaki Oguchi","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.28","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy rainfall or natural disasters such as earthquakes can lead to slope failure, which is when a slope weakens and rapidly collapses without warning. The speed of slope failure means there is little chance for people to escape and so there can be significant numbers of injuries and\u0000 deaths. Warnings of slope failures from authorities tend to be inaccurate due to myriad factors, including the different properties of soils, as well as factors such as temperature and annual rainfall. Researchers at Saitama University and the National Research Institute for Earth Science\u0000 and Disaster Resilience in Japan, including Associate Professor Chiaki Oguchi and Principal Researcher of the project, Tsuyoshi Wakatsuki, are working to address knowledge gaps about sediment-related disasters, particularly slope failure. A key focus for the researchers is on estimating formation\u0000 rates of slope materials that are waiting to collapse. The team is working to reduce unpredictability and improve the accuracy of disaster prevention measures. Currently, the researchers are investigating the formation of weathering substances as reserve materials for collapse and climatic\u0000 conditions and, so far, they have ascertained that in areas with annual high temperatures, the slow failure materials tend to be those that are composed of a thick slope which contains a greater amount of fine soil particles. They have also confirmed that these materials show a higher potential\u0000 for greater weathering, thereby exacerbating the issue and exponentially increasing the possibility of slope failure.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"21 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welcome – Editor’s Note","authors":"L. Annette","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular economy, turning decay into magic: heparin extraction from pig viscera","authors":"T. Chiang","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.67","url":null,"abstract":"The transformation of industrial waste into valuable resources is an increasingly important concept. At Taiwanâ–™s National Cheng Kung University a multi-disciplinary team has been working towards the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations\u0000 member states in 2015 and has developed a method of extracting a valuable medical drug called heparin from agricultural waste. The researchers have combined the advantages of chemical engineering and biotechnology to effectively improve the extraction efficiency and purity of heparin and protected\u0000 it with technology patents. This exciting innovation could solve the problem of waste disposal from pork production while creating a high-medical value resource from that waste and the residue of the production process could be transformed into fertiliser and animal feed. As such, the researchers\u0000 believe the application of this technology will help improve the economic productivity of pig farmers and promote environmentally sustainable farming. The value of Chiangâ–™s research are the anticoagulant benefits heparin offers to patients, and also providing new techniques\u0000 that offer a sustainable and stable supply of the drug. He and the team have taken an innovative approach to extracting heparin sodium, which is the heparin precursor, from pig viscera waste by using dual hydrogen peroxide oxidation methodology and microbial monitoring to enhance the purity\u0000 of the extracted heparin sodium, creating a higher-quality product for medical applications.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on continuous authentication using dynamic biometrics during information terminal operation","authors":"Takeshi Yamada","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.63","url":null,"abstract":"Cyberattacks and cybercrime have increased along with digitisation, causing financial damage and putting lives at risk. It‘s difficult to stop criminals attempting attacks, but more can be done to thwart these efforts. Measures such as 2FA (two factor authentication) aren‘t\u0000 foolproof. At the Department of Information and Electronic Systems Engineering, Daiichi Institute of Technology, Japan, researchers are conducting research on continuous authentication. They are developing a method by which the identity of a user can be continuously authenticated in order\u0000 to improve security measures and reduce incidences of fraud, cyberattacks and cybercrime. Professor Takeshi Yamada leads the team, bringing his research background in physics, biometrics, information theory and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to overcoming the limitations of current user authentication\u0000 systems. Even with continuous authentication, there are challenges to overcome such as interruptions caused by regular requests for ID and password authentication and what is known as ‘leakage’, whereby the leakage of IDs and passwords can enable unauthorised users to freely operate\u0000 systems. These challenges led the team to the idea of continuous authentication by biometrics. The researchers decided to focus on continuous authentication using behavioural features, which includes handwriting, voiceprint and gait, and, for computer and smartphone security, authentication\u0000 using features obtained from keyboard, mouse and touch operations.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"35 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on optical computing system architecture for simple recurrent neural networks","authors":"Satoshi Kawakami","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.51","url":null,"abstract":"Moore’s Law, relating to the speed and capabilities of computers is becoming less applicable. In this ‘post-Moore’ era, a cross-disciplinary team based in the Constructive Electronics Laboratory, Kyushu University, Japan, is investigating optical computing system infrastructures,\u0000 with a view to driving computing technology forward in a way that negates the need to comply with Moore’s Law. Associate Professor Satoshi Kawakami is an expert in electric circuits and computer architecture who is part of the team. The team’s expertise covers materials, devices,\u0000 circuits, architectures and algorithms and is geared towards pioneering new computing technologies in the post-Moore era. Kawakami believes that the continuous improvement of computer systems with higher performance and lower power consumption/energy consumption will be essential to realise\u0000 a sustainable advanced information society and wants to maximise the advantages of devices and hide their disadvantages at the system level, which will necessitate collaboration with higher system layers. Another important goal is reducing power consumption by improving the efficiency of computers.\u0000 In one current project, the researchers are exploring optical computing system infrastructure for simple recurrent neural networks. The team is keen to re-examine the ideal state of optical circuits from the perspective of the entire system, including electrical memory and interfaces.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interdisciplinary Research on Electrons and Biofilms","authors":"Yoshihide Tokunou","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Interdisciplinary research on electrons and biofilms is being carried out by Assistant Professor Dr Yoshihide Tokunou, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan. His work is aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of the role of electrons in bacterial\u0000 society and exploring the process of bacterial extracellular electron transfer (EET) in biofilms. By combining microbiology and electrochemistry, Dr Tokunou is developing EET-based biotechnologies and improving our understanding of the physiological importance of EET in bacterial society.\u0000 To achieve this, he is collaborating with various experts such as microbiologists, chemists, and engineers, including Professor Dr Nobuhiko Nomura. His current interest is in the EET process that terminates with soluble electron acceptors. By regulating the EET in biofilms respiring with oxygen,\u0000 he is trying to control various biofilm-related phenomena such as host-bacteria interaction, antibiotic resistance of biofilms, biochemical production from biofilms, etc.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"41 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of Japanese-English and English-Japanese parallel corpus, including search system and its utilisation","authors":"Yasunori Nishina","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.48","url":null,"abstract":"Parallel corpora play a central role in translation studies, contrastive linguistics, bilingual lexicography and language teaching/learning, facilitating the comparison of linguistic features across languages. But it is challenging to construct a parallel corpus and there are few\u0000 of them. Also, they can quickly become outdated and unusable. Professor Yasunori Nishina, Faculty of Global Communication, Kobe Gakuin University, Japan, is an expert in applied translation, corpus linguistics and applied linguistics working to develop a website for searching Japanese-English\u0000 and English-Japanese parallel corpora. He is revitalising an existing unusable, unsearchable corpus with assistance from Lago NLP. He has a keen focus on design as he wants to ensure diversity of genres and translation directions and, in a world first, is incorporating the ability to analyse\u0000 parallel corpora. The tool that Nishina and Lago NLP are developing with support from the JSPS KAKENHI grant number 20K00692 (and 23K00599 from 2023) is called Parallel Link. Nishina will also collaborate with a researcher at the University of Oxford, UK, where experts who developed the Japanese\u0000 corpus online search tool are based. The University has established a collaborative relationship with the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (NINJAL), which is the centre for Japanese language research, and has carried out joint projects of the Oxford NINJAL Corpus of\u0000 Old Japanese (ONCOJ). Nishina has completed the development of version 1.20 of Parallel Link and intends to develop it to version 2.0 in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full elucidation of sorting mechanisms in and around the Golgi apparatus by super-resolution live imaging","authors":"Akihiko Nakano","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2024.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"The Golgi body or Golgi apparatus is a cell organelle that plays a key role in protein transport and sorting in the cell. Although basic models of ‘vesicular transport’ processes appear to be widely accepted, there are many researchers who question the status quo. Because\u0000 of the difficulties of working with traffic processes in living cells, there are still many unanswered questions. Dr Akihiko Nakano is a researcher working to uncover the full truth about protein transport within the Golgi apparatus. Indeed, his work on the Golgi cisternal maturation is viewed\u0000 as a monumental milestone in the field. Technological developments, particularly in live imaging microscopy, mean it is possible to look at specific objects in unprecedented detail and these advancements could enable Nakano to fully elucidate the sorting mechanisms in and around the Golgi\u0000 apparatus. Nakano is based at the RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP) in Japan and forms part of the Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team. He and the team are harnessing the power and potential of live imaging to re-examine the processes of membrane traffic in living cells\u0000 of different species, yeast, plant and animal cells. The goal is to propose a fundamental model of membrane trafficking that can explain seemingly different behaviours of membranes by common mechanisms. A key part of the teamâ–™s research has involved the development of a\u0000 novel microscopic methodology called super-resolution confocal live imaging microscopy (SCLIM).","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}