Indian journal of cancer最新文献

{"title":"Carcinoma colon masquerading as bleeding per vagina.","authors":"Madhu Muralee, M Srinidhi, V M Bharath, C D Sivanandan","doi":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_166_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijc.IJC_166_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Isolated vaginal metastasis from colorectal cancer is a rare entity with very few reports in the literature. Here we report a patient who presented with bleeding per vagina from a vaginal mucosal lesion. Biopsy of the vaginal lesion indicated a metastatic adenocarcinoma from a colorectal primary. Further workup of the patient with colonoscopy and Positron emission tomography (PET CT) indicated a primary in the sigmoid colon. As the patient had a single site of metastasis, she was planned for definitive management. The colonic primary, as well as the vaginal deposit were managed surgically. Further, the patient received adjuvant chemotherapy as well as adjuvant external beam radiation to the site of the vaginal lesion. Vaginal metastases from colorectal primary are usually part of systemic dissemination with multiple metastatic sites and hence has poor prognosis. When the patient presents with an isolated metastasis in the vagina., the survival appears reasonable as per the few reports available in the literature. Due to the rarity of the presentation, there are no standard treatment guidelines available. Surgical management, radiation and adjuvant chemotherapy have been used in varying combinations in the reports available in the literature. To conclude, vaginal metastasis should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with vaginal bleeding, especially with a history of colorectal carcinoma. Available limited evidence suggests that isolated vaginal metastasis from colorectal cancer that is amenable to local surgical resection has a reasonable outcome. Hence, isolated vaginal metastasis should be treated with curative intent in a multidisciplinary context like other sites of oligometastatic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene of the month: C-KIT.","authors":"Niraj Kumari, Raghavendra Lingaiah","doi":"10.4103/ijc.ijc_1350_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijc.ijc_1350_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>KIT is a gene coding for tyrosine kinase receptor, which was identified as the ligand of stem cell factor. Its role in disease was first identified in gastrointestinal stromal tumor. However, later, this gene was found to be implicated in many other benign and malignant tumors. C-KIT has been studied as the first biomarker for targeted therapy. Herein we review its structure, function and role in various non-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of adaptive radiotherapy during concomitant chemoradiotherapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer.","authors":"Beyza Sirin Ozdemir, Ali A Yavuz","doi":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_578_20","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_578_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumor shrinkage is frequently observed during conventionally fractionated chemoradiotherapy for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). The specific goals of this study are to evaluate the gross tumor volume (GTV) changes due to treatment-induced tumor reduction during the course of radiotherapy (RT) and to examine its potential use in adaptive radiotherapy (ART) for tumor dose escalation or normal tissue sparing in patients with SCLC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 10 patients with SCLC eligible for chemoradiotherapy underwent computed tomography (CT) scan after Fractions 13 and 23 (at nominal doses of 23.4 Gy and 41.4 Gy, respectively). The GTV was delineated on the repeat CT scans, and two treatment plans were generated with or without adaptation to tumor shrinkage during RT for each patient. Dosimetric and volumetric analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average GTV reduction observed over 13 fractions was 58.5% (range: 13.2%-92.3%; P < 0.001) and over 23 fractions was 70% (range: 36.9%-84.5%; P < 0.001). Compared with the plan without adaptation, ART resulted in mean lung dose relative decreases of 8.7%, mean lung volume receiving ≥20 Gy relative decreases of 5%, mean lung volume receiving ≥5Gy relative decreases of 10%, mean medulla spinalis dose relative decreases of 21 cGy, mean esophagus volume receiving ≥50 Gy relative decreases of 19%, and mean heart volume receiving ≥42 Gy relative decreases of 13%. The benefits of ART were the greatest for tumor volumes ≥30 cm 3 and are directly dependent on GTV reduction during treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ART for SCLC achieved a significant benefit in terms of organ at risk (OAR) and dose escalation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction of HPV vaccine in universal immunization programme of India: A step in the right direction for the elimination of cervical cancer.","authors":"Md Abu Bashar, Imran A Khan","doi":"10.4103/ijc.ijc_26_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijc.ijc_26_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients visiting the Palliative Care outpatient department in a tertiary care oncology centre in India.","authors":"Abhity Gulia, Nishkarsh Gupta, Prateek Sharma, Vinod Kumar, Rajeev Kumar, Seema Mishra, Sushma Bhatnagar","doi":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_1247_20","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_1247_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs) are at an increased risk of developing functional symptoms associated with eating, speaking, and breathing along with symptoms caused by a fungating tumour (e.g., cosmetic change, malodor, and bleeding). These may substantially reduce their physical functioning and quality of life (QoL). This observational study aimed to find out the QoL in patients with HNC in a tertiary care oncology centre.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted in adult patients diagnosed with HNC. The patients were divided depending upon their disease extent into early, advanced, and very advanced local disease. The physical, cognitive, emotional, financial and social domains were assessed using a validated Hindi version of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of cancer (EORTC)- QoL 30 and EORTC H&N 35 at baseline and 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 100 patients were assessed with a mean age of 49.3 ± 12.4 years. Most of the patients had carcinoma buccal mucosa (42%) followed by carcinoma tongue (17%). The patients experienced difficulties with physical functioning and deterioration in emotional functioning. Pain and fatigue were the major problematic symptoms especially in advanced disease patients resulting in poor QoL. There was a significant improvement in various domains of QoL at 3 months follow-up in those with advanced disease. The fatigue scores at baseline and follow-up showed a positive correlation with other symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with HNC have a high symptom burden that leads to poor QoL. Appropriate palliative care interventions help to decrease symptom burden and prevent deterioration of their QoL in patients with HNC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety of T-DM1 in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer","authors":"Furong Liu, Yuehua Li, Dinghua Yang, Li Tang, Qian Yang, Majiao Jiang, Leilei Tian, Jingjing An","doi":"10.4103/ijc.ijc_223_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijc.ijc_223_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of T-DM1 in treating HER2-positive breast cancer, providing insights for clinical practice. We conducted a literature search in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases up to September 2023, collecting randomized controlled trials and cohort studies on T-DM1 for HER2-positive breast cancer. Out of 316 initially retrieved articles, 12 studies meeting the quality and inclusion criteria were included after a rigorous screening process. We used RevMan 5.3 software for the meta-analysis, employing fixed or random-effect models. Odds ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated as effect size measures. We conducted sensitivity analyses and assessed publication bias to ensure the results’ stability and reliability. In seven studies, T-DM1 treatment significantly prolonged OS in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.64–0.77, <em xmlns:mrws=\"http://webservices.ovid.com/mrws/1.0\">P</em> &lt; 0.01], and the effect was especially pronounced in patients with advanced disease (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.54–0.76, <em xmlns:mrws=\"http://webservices.ovid.com/mrws/1.0\">P</em> &lt; 0.001). Analysis of pCR rates did not show a significant difference (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.48–1.73, <em xmlns:mrws=\"http://webservices.ovid.com/mrws/1.0\">P</em> = 0.77). In five studies, ORR improved, but the difference between the two groups was not significant (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.66–2.05, <em xmlns:mrws=\"http://webservices.ovid.com/mrws/1.0\">P</em> = 0.61). Analysis of progression-free survival (PFS) showed a significant improvement in the experimental group relative to the control group (HR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.57–0.84, <em xmlns:mrws=\"http://webservices.ovid.com/mrws/1.0\">P</em> = 0.0003). Regarding the incidence of total adverse events, no significant difference was seen between the two groups (OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 0.98–4.79, <em xmlns:mrws=\"http://webservices.ovid.com/mrws/1.0\">P</em> = 0.06), but for specific adverse events, such as leukopenia and neutropenia, the T-DM1 group demonstrated a significant reduction relative to the other treatment regimens. The results underscore the potential of T-DM1 in enhancing survival among patients with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer, yet they also highlight variability in effectiveness concerning pCR rate and ORR. The findings on adverse effects underscore the necessity of a balanced consideration of T-DM1’s risks and benefits. Future research should focus on a more detailed examination of responses in varied patient populations, long-term outcomes, and a thorough economic evaluation of T-DM1, along with an exploration into treatment resistance. This will provide a more nuanced understanding of T-DM1’s role in the treatment landscape of HER2-positive breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140828712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there a role of cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC in recurrent ovarian granulosa cell tumors? An Indian cancer center experience with review of literature","authors":"Mukurdipi Ray, Aarthi S. Jayraj, Kunal Dhall, Rambha Pandey, Suryanarayana V. S. Deo","doi":"10.4103/ijc.ijc_1454_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijc.ijc_1454_21","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background: </h3>\u0000<p>Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary represent the most common sex-cord stromal tumors. Though characterized by an indolent course and a good five-year survival rate, they tend to have late recurrences and subsequent poorer survival. The role of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in women with recurrent granulosa cell tumors with peritoneal dissemination has not been well defined.</p>\u0000<h3>Methods: </h3>\u0000<p>All patients with adult or juvenile type granulosa cell tumors who underwent cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC with 70 mg/m<sup xmlns:mrws=\"http://webservices.ovid.com/mrws/1.0\">2</sup> of cisplatin for 60 minutes over a period of four years were retrospectively evaluated. We also performed a review of the literature on similar cases reported.</p>\u0000<h3>Results: </h3>\u0000<p>We identified eight patients with recurrent adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCT) who fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The mean operative duration was 340 minutes, inclusive of the duration of HIPEC. Fifty percent of patients suffered from postoperative morbidity. Grade 4 morbidity was observed in one patient. At a median follow-up of 35 months, four patients experienced disease recurrence. The median disease-free survival was 10 months (range: 6–31 months) and the median overall survival was 11.5 months (range: 7–40 months).</p>\u0000<h3>Conclusion: </h3>\u0000<p>Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and HIPEC provides a unique opportunity for treating peritoneal dissemination in patients with recurrent ovarian AGCTs. This procedure is well tolerated with acceptable morbidity. Prospective studies are warranted to further elucidate the efficacy of this novel therapeutic approach in recurrent ovarian granulosa cell tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140828906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma - A clinicopathological case series of an aggressive variant of urothelial cancer.","authors":"Pooja Kamlesh Gajaria, Santosh Menon, Ganesh Bakshi, Gagan Prakash, Amit Joshi, Vedang Murthy, Sangeeta B Desai","doi":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_617_20","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_617_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many new morphological variants of urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder have been described in the literature, plasmacytoid/signet ring cell/diffuse variant being one of the rare amongst these. Till date, no case series has been reported from India, describing this variant.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of 14 patients diagnosed at our center with plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven cases (50%) were pure forms while the remaining 50% of cases had a concurrent conventional urothelial carcinoma component. Immunohistochemistry was performed to rule out other mimickers of this variant. Treatment-related data were available for seven patients, while follow-up was available for nine cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, plasmacytoid variant of urothelial carcinoma is considered to be an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":" ","pages":"312-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10815013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical risk factors and Risk assessment model for Anastomotic leakage after Rectal cancer resection.","authors":"Rui Ding, Ming He, Hong Cen, Zheng Chen, Yonghui Su","doi":"10.4103/ijc.ijc_903_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijc.ijc_903_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anastomotic leakage (AL) is the most serious complication after rectal cancer surgery. Risk factors associated with AL have been documented in previous studies; however, the consensus is still lacking. In this retrospective study, we aimed to identify risk factors for AL after rectal cancer resection and to create an accurate and effective tool for predicting the risk of this complication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study cohort comprised of 276 patients with rectal cancer who had undergone anterior resection between 2015 and 2020. Twenty-four selected variables were assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify independent risk factors of AL. A risk assessment model for predicting the risk of AL was established on the basis of the regression coefficients of each identified independent risk factor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anastomotic leakage occurred in 20 patients (7.2%, 20/276). Multivariate analysis identified the following variables as independent risk or protective factors of AL: perioperative ileus ( P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 14.699), tumor size ≥5 cm ( P = 0.025, OR = 3.925), distance between tumor and anal verge <7.5 cm ( P = 0.045, OR = 3.512), obesity ( P = 0.032, OR = 7.256), and diverting stoma ( P = 0.008, OR = 0.143). A risk assessment model was constructed and patients were allocated to high-, medium-, and low-risk groups on the basis of risk model scores of 5-7, 2-4, and 0-1, respectively. The incidences of AL in these three groups were 61.5%, 11.9%, and 2.0%, respectively ( P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our risk assessment model accurately and effectively identified patients at high risk of AL and could be useful in aiding decision-making aimed at minimizing adverse outcomes associated with leakage.</p>","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":" ","pages":"244-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma- single center experience.","authors":"Samed Rahatli, Arzu Oguz, Zohrab Abduyev, Ozden Altundag","doi":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_980_19","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_980_19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although the most common intracranial neoplasm in the adult population is metastatic tumors, brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcnoma (HCC) are very rare. The aim of this study is to analyze patients with advanced HCC, in order to determine the incidence of brain metastasis and evaluate the clinicopathologic properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The records of HCC patients treated in our university between 2011 and 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Patient characteristics, symptoms, laboratory data, treatment modalities, and survival after both the diagnosis of HCC and detection of brain metastasis were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 119 hepatocellular carcinoma patients, 34 had metastasis, 8 of which were to the brain. The median time elapsed between the diagnosis of HCC and brain metastasis was 14.6 months and the median overall survival after the detection of brain metastasis was 1.6 months. In 34 patients with metastasis, median survival was 26.2 months for those without brain metastasis, whereas it was 15.8 months for those with brain metastasis ( P = 0.460). The survival times after brain metastasis were 11.6 and 3.9 months for the two patients treated with regorafenib and sorafenib after the detection of brain metastasis, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, it was found that patients who were clinically eligible to receive tyrosine kinase inhibitors survived longer after the detection of brain metastasis. Our study shows that multidisciplinary evaluation of these patients is vital for treatment guidance, and survival outcomes can be improved with the advancements in surgical and radiotherapy techniques even in patients with poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13505,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of cancer","volume":"1 1","pages":"273-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41402910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}