Polymer Engineering & Science最新文献

{"title":"High strength and anti‐swelling hydrogel strain sensors based on amphiphilic polyurethane assemblies for human‐motion detection","authors":"Lingling Lei, Baocheng Chen, Shiyu Wang, Xu Cheng, Jinghong Qiu, Haibo Wang","doi":"10.1002/pen.26718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26718","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogel sensors are widely used in electronic skin, soft robotics, bioengineering, and medical therapy due to their excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical flexibility, and better biocompatibility. However, the swelling property of hydrogels has been hindering their application in underwater scenarios. Therefore, in this study, to address the anti‐swelling behavior of hydrogels, MXene nanosheets were modified by 1H,1H,2H,2H‐perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane and then compounded with acrylamide and polyurethane to obtain multifunctional conductive hydrogels (PAM‐WPU/FMX hydrogels). Through the synergistic effect of chemical cross‐linking and hydrogen bonding on the gel network, the hydrogel sensor was characterized by strong resistance to swelling (swelling ratio = 2.22), excellent mechanical properties (strain at break after swelling equilibrium = 418.6%), and high strain sensitivity. For underwater applications, this study offers a model technique for the quick gelation of strong, swelling‐resistant hydrogels.\u0000Amphiphilic polyurethane micelles provided energy dissipation.\u0000Modified MXene was hydrophobic and electrically conductive.\u0000The strain of the hydrogel obtained after MXene modification was enhanced.\u0000The structural recovery capacity of both hydrogels was more than 60%.\u0000The modified hydrogel swollen but still had excellent sensing properties.\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"6 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of sound absorption on a polymeric acoustic metamaterial using 3D printing process","authors":"Saliq Shamim Shah, Daljeet Singh, J. S. Saini, Naveen Garg, Chitra Gautam","doi":"10.1002/pen.26717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26717","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and characterization of DENORMS (Designs for Noise‐Reducing Materials and Structures) cell‐based acoustic metamaterial developed using a 3D printing technique. The metamaterial's acoustic absorption properties were investigated through experimental testing and numerical simulations. The experimental testing of the acoustic metamaterial was conducted in an impedance tube using a two‐microphone method. The numerical simulations were carried out using a thermoviscous module. The simulations allowed for a deeper understanding of the influence of geometric parameters on the absorption coefficient, providing valuable insights for optimizing the design. It was observed that upon increasing the spherical diameter while maintaining the same cylindrical diameter and cylindrical length resulted in an increase in the absorption coefficient throughout the frequency range. It was also observed that upon increasing the cylindrical diameter, there was a significant decrement of absorption coefficient, and upon increasing the length of the cylinder, there was a shift of response toward lower frequency. The augmentation in cell count from 9 to 24 led to a rise in the absorption coefficient and a shift of the response toward lower frequencies. The findings highlight the significance of photopolymer 3D printing in tailoring complex geometries for enhanced performance of the acoustic metamaterial.\u0000Photopolymeric resin used for DENORMS cell‐based acoustic metamaterial.\u0000High cleanability and accuracy of digital light processing 3D printing technique.\u0000Usage of thermoviscous model for simulation of sound absorption behavior.\u0000Use of two microphone impedance tube to determine sound absorption coefficient.\u0000Geometric parameters significantly affect the absorption coefficient.\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"301 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140233120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poly (glycerol sebacate) – co – 2 – hydroxyethyl methacrylate bioelastomeric nanohydroxyapatite composites: Mechanical properties, thermal characteristics, and cytocompatibility studies","authors":"Pratik Roy, R. Sailaja","doi":"10.1002/pen.26699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26699","url":null,"abstract":"In this study bioelastomeric co‐polymer comprised of glycerol, sebacic acid, and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate, loaded with varied contents of nanohydroxyapatite (0%–8%) has been synthesized via polycondensation reaction. The mechanical properties, that is, tensile and compressive strength and modulus have been enhanced due to the addition of silane‐treated nanohydroxyapatite. The optimal mechanical properties for these nanocomposites have been found to be at 7% nanohydroxyapatite loading. X‐Ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed efficient dispersion of nanohydroxyapatite throughout the matrix as particles and as well as agglomerates. The synthesized composite was found to be cytocompatible and showed excellent biocompatibility by forming thick apatite layers in simulated body fluid.\u0000Synthesis of PGS/nHA bioelastomeric nanocomposite via polycondensation.\u0000Characterization of nanocomposite with FTIR, TGA, XRD, SEM, AFM.\u0000Water absorption, bioactivity and cytocompatibility assessment.\u0000In vitro degradation evaluation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"50 3S","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact‐induced deformation characteristics of polycarbonate panels","authors":"Fehmi Mullaoglu, Fatih Usta, H. Turkmen","doi":"10.1002/pen.26711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26711","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the investigation of damage caused by a spherical steel projectile on the polycarbonate (PC) panels has been undertaken both numerically and experimentally. The material properties are obtained from both static and dynamic tests. High‐velocity impact experiments are performed using a pressure‐based projectile launching system. The effect of panel curvatures and impact locations on the deformation are investigated experimentally. The impact locations are selected as both at the plate center and near the edge of the plate. A validation study is performed by analyzing the impact response of a PC plate as previously presented in the literature and subsequently comparing it with the results obtained. An analysis of the impact behavior of PC panels is carried out through numerical simulations using finite element program (LS‐DYNA). The effect of boundary conditions on the impact response is also investigated numerically. Plastic strains, von Mises stresses, dent depth, and energy absorption are obtained. It is indicated by the results that the deformation behavior of PC panels exhibits a strain rate dependence. Additionally, the deformation behavior is influenced by panel curvatures and boundary conditions, emphasizing the necessity to consider these factors in the design of structures, such as canopies made of PC panels.\u0000Provides a comprehensive understanding of polycarbonate behavior.\u0000Emphasizes the influence of impact locations and panel curvatures.\u0000Dent depth and stress rise with panel curvature, crucial for design considerations.\u0000Emphasizes the significance of strain rate and boundary condition in design.\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and adsorption behavior investigation of polypropylene/organically modified saponite nanocomposites fiber membrane with strong oil‐adsorption","authors":"Qiang Luo, Fei Li, W. Zhen, Qing Ge, Yushen Zhou, Chunmei Ma, Pengtao Sun, Jianbo Xu, Buning Chen","doi":"10.1002/pen.26701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26701","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the adsorption and reusability of polypropylene (PP) fiber membranes, the organically modified saponite (Sap@P(St‐co‐MMA)) was prepared by solution polymerization. Furthermore, PP‐based nanocomposite fiber membranes with strong oil adsorption, thermal stability, and reusability were prepared via melt‐blown technology. The increased specific surface area of PP‐based nanocomposite fiber membranes (PP‐1.5%) provided more active sites for the oil adsorption. Simultaneous rheology and Fourier transform infrared measurements tests showed that Sap@P(St‐co‐MMA) enhanced the crystallinity of PP matrix, promoted the regular arrangement of molecules, and improved the intermolecular interaction force, which was beneficial for the oil adsorption. The adsorption of PP‐1.5% (1.5 wt% addition of Sap@P(St‐co‐MMA)) fiber membrane for xylene and kerosene reached a maximum of 15.84 and 22.84 g g−1, respectively. In the treatment of coal tar wastewater, the removal rate of oil can reach 62.9%, and the removal rate can still reach 51.17% after five cycles of experiments. In summary, PP‐1.5% fiber membrane does not produce secondary pollution to the environment, and is a kind of oil removal material with good application prospect.\u0000PP‐based nanocomposites fiber membrane with strong oil adsorption was prepared.\u0000Organically modified saponite had strong heterogenous nucleation for PP matrix.\u0000Sap@P(St‐co‐MMA) increased the specific surface area of PP‐based fiber membrane.\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel digital lifecycle for Material‐Process‐Microstructure‐Performance relationships of thermoplastic olefins foams manufactured via supercritical fluid assisted foam injection molding","authors":"S. Pradeep, Amit M. Deshpande, Pierre‐Yves Lavertu, Ting Zheng, Veera Aditya Yerra, Yiro Shimabukuro, Gang Li, S. Pilla","doi":"10.1002/pen.26700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26700","url":null,"abstract":"This research significantly enhances the applicability of thermoplastic olefins (TPOs) in the automotive industry using supercritical N2 as a physical foaming agent, effectively addressing the limitations of traditional chemical agents. It merges experimental results with simulations to establish detailed material‐process‐microstructure‐performance (MP2) relationships, targeting 5–20% weight reductions. This innovative approach labeled digital lifecycle (DLC) helps accurately predict tensile, flexural, and impact properties based on the foam microstructure, along with experimentally demonstrating improved paintability. The study combines process simulations with finite element models to develop a comprehensive digital model for accurately predicting mechanical properties. Our findings demonstrate a strong correlation between simulated and experimental data, with about a 5% error across various weight reduction targets, marking significant improvements over existing analytical models. This research highlights the efficacy of physical foaming agents in TPO enhancement and emphasizes the importance of integrating experimental and simulation methods to capture the underlying foaming mechanism to establish material‐process‐microstructure‐performance (MP2) relationships.\u0000Establishes a material‐process‐microstructure‐performance (MP2) for TPO foams\u0000Sustainably produces TPO foams using supercritical (ScF) N2 with 20% lightweighting\u0000Shows enhanced paintability for TPO foam improved surface aesthetics\u0000Digital lifecycle (DLC) that predicts both foam microstructure and properties\u0000DLC maps process effects & microstructure onto FEA mesh for precise prediction\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"3 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140241428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Processing–microstructure–fracture toughness relationships in PP/EPDM/SiO2 blend‐nanocomposites: Effect of mixing sequence","authors":"S. Hajibabazadeh, M. Razavi Aghjeh, M. Mazidi","doi":"10.1002/pen.26706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26706","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of polypropylene (PP)‐based blend‐nanocomposites comprising 30 wt.% ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM) and 5 wt.% SiO2 nanoparticles. Different mixing sequences were employed to prepare the nanocomposites, and the resulting morphology development and dispersion states of modifiers were analyzed. Mechanical performance of the nanocomposites was evaluated through quasi‐static and high‐speed dynamic fracture tests. The dispersion and distribution of SiO2 nanoparticles within the nanocomposites were significantly influenced by the mixing protocol. In impact fracture tests, the presence of nanoparticles exhibited a beneficial efffect on fracture energy, demonstrating a synergistic toughening effect of the soft EPDM and rigid SiO2 particles. Conversely, adverse effects were observed in quasi‐static tests. Essential work of fracture (EWF) parameters indicated an increase in the yielding component and a decrease in the necking‐to‐tearing component with SiO2 incorporation into the PP/EPDM blends. During impact loadings, the highest improvement in crack propagation resistance was observed in nanocomposites with nanoparticles localized around the rubbery domains forming a network‐like structure of EPDM/SiO2‐nanoparticles. Morphologies where rubber domains and nanoparticles were separately distributed in the PP matrix resulted in the lowest fracture parameters. Energy dissipation mechanisms were elucidated, revealing multiple void formation followed by matrix shear yielding as the primary source under both quasi‐static and impact fracture conditions. In the latter case, stress‐concentrating percolated structures in the PP matrix facilitated the nucleation of dilatational bands evolving into highly stretched void‐fibrillar structures upon further loading. These findings contribute valuable insights into tailoring nanocomposite morphologies for enhanced mechanical performance in different loading scenarios.\u0000Fracture behavior of PP/EPDM/SiO2 ternary systems was evaluated by EWF methodology and Izod impact test.\u0000Rubber particles surrounded by silica nanoparticles led to a percolated morphology and as a result to superior impact resistance.\u0000EWF parameters were mostly controlled by the tearing‐related parts regardless of phase morphology.\u0000The impact toughness was mainly controlled by the dispersion and distribution characteristics of the SiO2 nanoparticles.\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"121 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of trimodal polymerization on melt rheology, thermal, and mechanical properties of HDPE resin","authors":"H. Bazgir, SH Hosseini, A. Sepahi, S. Houshmandmoayed, K. Afzali, A. Partovi rad","doi":"10.1002/pen.26697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26697","url":null,"abstract":"Trimodal polymerization of polyethylene has become a research interest in recent years due to its excellent potential for altering material properties and overcoming the limitations of the bimodal process. Here, we have comprehensively investigated the effects of manipulating polymerization parameters, such as split value (SV), hydrogen‐to‐ethylene ratio (H2/C2), and stage switching, on the rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties of synthesized trimodal high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The synthesized samples were obtained through three consecutive stages in a slurry lab‐scale reactor. The results of molten state analysis demonstrate that recipe modification, particularly SV and H2/C2 balancing in the second and third stages, had a dramatic effect on the rheological properties including dynamic moduli, G′‐G″ crossover, and the shear‐thinning behavior. Concurrently, improvements in physio‐mechanical properties, such as sagging behavior and slow crack growth resistance (SCG), were observed compared to the bimodal resin. The thermal characterization indicates that the polymerization adjustments made did not notably impact the thermal properties of HDPE samples (e.g., Tm), throughout the all‐recipe manipulation. However, minor fluctuations in crystallinity and crystallization kinetics were observed which was presumably attributed to the molecular weight of the final resin. Overall, in our trimodal polymerization recipe, the HDPE powder is within the specified range of particle size distribution, which ensures excellent bulk density and flowability.\u0000Influence of polymerization parameters such as split value, H2/C2, and stage switching in properties of trimodal HDPE.\u0000HDPE resin received from split value and H2/C2 balancing have superior SCG and sagging resistance.\u0000All HDPE samples synthesized by different recipes have similar thermal properties.\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140251213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of carbon‐based nanoparticles on the properties of poly(lactic acid) hybrid composites containing basalt fibers and carbon‐based nanoparticles processed by injection molding","authors":"Zsolt Juhász, Balázs Pinke, Bence Gonda, László Mészáros","doi":"10.1002/pen.26704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26704","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we developed composites with a poly(lactic acid) matrix and reinforced with basalt fiber, carbon‐based nanoparticles (carbon nanotube [CNT] and expanded graphene [GNP]), and both basalt fiber and nanoparticles (hybrid composites). The composites were produced by extrusion, and then tensile specimens were injection molded from the composites. The hybrid composites exhibited enhanced mechanical properties. The reinforcing materials increased crystallinity; this was more pronounced for hybrid composites. We experienced significant increase in the glass transition temperature, which proves the better interaction between the reinforcing and the matrix phases. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis showed that the nanoparticles increased the storage modulus both alone and in combination with basalt fibers. Furthermore, the basalt fiber‐reinforced composites and hybrids exhibited significant modulus above the glass transition temperature. Based on scanning electron microscopy images of the fracture surfaces, we concluded that adding basalt fibers during compounding resulted in better dispersion of the nanoparticles.\u0000Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) reinforced with basalt fiber has good strength properties.\u0000Graphene hybrid exhibits notable tensile modulus improvement in hybrids.\u0000Graphene and carbon nanotubes are crystalline nucleating agents for PLA.\u0000Enhanced nanoparticle distribution was discovered for hybrid composites.\u0000The glass transition temperature of PLA increases with reinforcement.\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three‐dimensional skeleton assembled by nickel foam/silicon carbide as filler in polyurethane composites with high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation","authors":"Jincheng Zhu, Mengqing Ren, Ming Chen, Lili Wu","doi":"10.1002/pen.26707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26707","url":null,"abstract":"High thermally conductive polymer composites have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional performance, given the ever‐decreasing size of electronic devices and the rise in power densities. Herein, a new three‐dimensional (3D) thermal conductivity network structure has been successfully prepared using double fillers of nickel foam (NF) and modified silicon carbide particles (KSiC). The study compared the effect of different filler contents on the thermal conductivity of composites. Compared to conventional composites, those based on 3D filling networks have significantly improved thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of the NF/KSiC/PU composite containing 50 wt% KSiC was 1.18 Wm−1 K−1, exceeding the cumulative thermal conductivity of the NF/PU and KSiC/PU 50 wt% composites, and 637.5% greater than that of neat PU. Meanwhile, the synthesized NF/KSiC/PU composite maintained a high electrical resistivity above 1012 Ω·cm and good mechanical properties. This approach might offer novel solutions for developing high‐quality packaging materials for advanced electronic devices with exceptional thermal and mechanical properties.\u0000Using SiC and NF Constructs a dual filler network.\u0000The dual filler thermal conductivity network can generate synergistic effects.\u0000Improving thermal conductivity compared to original polyurethane.\u0000Maintaining a high electrical resistivity and good mechanical properties.\u0000","PeriodicalId":134997,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering & Science","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}