Indian heart journal最新文献

{"title":"Strain imaging as an early predictor in acute myocardial infarction – An augmented cross-sectional study","authors":"Dhananjay Kumar ,&nbsp;Manish Saha ,&nbsp;Santanu Guha ,&nbsp;Tirthankar Roy ,&nbsp;Rohit Kumar ,&nbsp;Abhirup K. Sinha","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cardiac fibres are affected invariably in myocardial infarction, with longitudinal strain being the earliest to be detected in the ischaemic cascade. The present study aims to assess strain imaging in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients admitted to the cardiology department at our institute and correlate GLS and DESL findings with other markers for myocardial function.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and material</h3><p>This augmented cross-sectional study was conducted amongst the patients admitted with diagnosis of AMI. During the study period, 157 subjects were sampled through convenience sampling, and examined as well as tested with routine investigations at baseline. The subjects were then followed through at first, third and six months, and findings noted. Chi-square was used to assess the crude association between sample characteristics. Pearson correlation and student <em>t</em>-test were used to find association between continuous variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After screening 564 patients, 157 patients were included in the study after fulfilment of inclusion and exclusion criteria. A significant difference was found in baseline GLS scores and NTproBNP levels at 6 months in alive patients with STEMI, t (21.728) = −5.717, p &lt; .001. Out of the 50 NSTEMI patients, 35 (70 %) were positive for ESL, similarly out of 43 STEMI patients without any RWMA, ESL was positive in 39 (90.02 %) patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>GLS by STE has good correlation with LVEF, WMSI and NT pro-BNP and it is an independent predictor of mortality and heart failure among patients with AMI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483224000014/pdfft?md5=df5ccf5671a7da01b02c58ce71eec9f9&pid=1-s2.0-S0019483224000014-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic kidney disease's impact on revascularization and subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with chronic coronary syndrome","authors":"Shereen Ibrahim Farag ,&nbsp;Shaimaa Ahmed Mostafa ,&nbsp;Hamza Kabil ,&nbsp;Mohamed Reda Elfaramawy","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2023.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2023.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the impact of CKD on the completeness of revascularization and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS).</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>The study enrolled 400 CCS patients who underwent revascularization by PCI. They were separated into two categories according to their eGFR levels: the control group: 200 patients with eGFR ≥60mL/min/1.73m^2, and the CKD Group: 200 patients with eGFR&lt; 60ml/min/1.73m.² Patients were reclassified according to revascularization into complete and incomplete revascularization groups with one-year follow-up to assess the MACE.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>CKD patients were significantly older (65.78 ± 6.41 vs. 56.70 ± 9.20 years, P=&lt;0.001). They had higher syntax scores (P = 0.005), CIN (P = 0.001), all-cause mortality (P = 0.02), MACE (P = 0.037), and heart failure (P = 0.014). After reclassification according to revascularization. GFR was significantly reduced among patients with incomplete revascularization (51.08 ± 28.15 vs. 65.67 ± 26.62, respectively, P =&lt;0.001). Repeated revascularization (P &lt; 0.001), STEMI (P = 0.003), stent thrombosis (P = 0.015), MACE (P &lt; 0.001), stroke (P &lt; 0.001), and all-cause mortality (P &lt; 0.001) were more prevalent among patients with incomplete revascularization. Multivariate regression analysis revealed eGFR (P = 0.001) and Syntax score (SS) (P=&lt;0.001) as independent predictors of incomplete revascularization. The optimal eGFR cutoff value for predicting partial revascularization is 49.50mL/min/1.73m2, with 58.8% sensitivity and 69.3 % specificity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Chronic kidney disease is associated with a higher syntax score and incomplete revascularization prevalence in CCS patients. Additionally, incomplete revascularization is associated with an increased incidence of major adverse cardiac events. In patients with CCS, CKD predicts partial revascularization and subsequent MACE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 22-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001948322300192X/pdfft?md5=bf91c787043917e4d415e9c1b48dd21a&pid=1-s2.0-S001948322300192X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138433740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypothyroidism in acute coronary syndrome – A prospective Indian study","authors":"Priyadarshini Arambam ,&nbsp;Shikhar Gupta ,&nbsp;Upendra Kaul ,&nbsp;Priya Ranjan ,&nbsp;Sudhir Sekhawat ,&nbsp;Rajiv Janardhanan","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2023.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2023.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Evidence suggests that hypothyroidism may be associated with an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).</p><p>The data regarding the influence of hypothyroidism on cardiovascular disease in the Asian population is conflicting. Therefore, we undertook this study to assess the overall prevalence of hypothyroidism in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients and determine if there is a relationship between hypothyroidism, both sub-clinical and overt and other significant risk factors of ACS in an Indian population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We studied 487 hospitalized patients between March 2018 and February 2021 with a diagnosis of ACS to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism, both clinical and sub-clinical and their relationship with other known coronary risk factors. Thyroid function Tests - free T3, free T4 and TSH were collected from all the patients within 24 h of their admission to the coronary care unit (CCU) of 2 major hospitals in New Delhi and Imphal (Manipur).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Subclinical hypothyroidism was prevalent in 44 (9 %), followed by overt hypothyroidism in 25 (5.2 %).</p><p>Subclinical hypothyroidism was more common in females, whereas overt hypothyroidism was more common in males. ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) (52 %), followed by Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) (25 %), was the commonest diagnosis at presentation. Patients with overt hypothyroidism showed a higher proportion of increased triglyceride levels.</p><p>Patients with hypothyroidism had no differences in the prevalence of concomitant diabetes hypertension and other coronary risk factors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Patients with ACS without known thyroid disorders should be screened for hypothyroidism since it is found frequently. There might be a case to treat their thyroid dysfunction appropriately.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 44-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483223004777/pdfft?md5=7fb215e44a9892894f3da28e51e57a97&pid=1-s2.0-S0019483223004777-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139680962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the association of inflammatory markers, cell-adhesion molecules, and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers with ACS in Indian population","authors":"Keshav Kale,&nbsp;Harshad Rajage,&nbsp;Kane G R","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The observational study aims to evaluate inflammatory markers, cell adhesion molecules (CAM) and endothelial dysfunction markers as biomarkers in Indian ACS patients with no conventional risk factors. The study population included 110 healthy individuals and 102 ACS patients without any history of conventional risk factors, except smoking and alcoholism, were included. Patient history, biochemical parameters and levels of biomarkers were estimated. ACS patients had a significant elevation in the circulatory levels of biomarkers, such as IL-6, TNF-α, MCP1, MMP9, VCAM1, ICAM1 and E-selectin. CAM, inflammatory and endothelial biomarkers could help devise strategies for early, effective treatment of ACS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 63-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483224000178/pdfft?md5=aa6201fc6a9a28ba4aab0071b2abeb0f&pid=1-s2.0-S0019483224000178-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139671657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pacing mode survival in patients with single chamber atrial pacemaker for sinus node dysfunction","authors":"Ramanathan Velayuthan,&nbsp;Suresh Kumar Sukumar,&nbsp;Dinakar Bootla,&nbsp;Sridhar Balaguru,&nbsp;Avinash Anantharaj,&nbsp;Santhosh Satheesh,&nbsp;Raja J. Selvaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Single chamber atrial pacemaker should be sufficient for patients with sinus node dysfunction (SND) with normal atrioventricular (AV) conduction. However, most patients undergo dual chamber pacemaker implantation because of concern of new onset AV block. The annual incidence of new AV block has been reported from 0.6 to 4.4 % in various studies.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Our aim is to assess mode survival in sinus node dysfunction with normal AV conduction patients implanted with AAIR.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients who underwent single chamber atrial pacemaker implantation for SND with normal AV conduction between January 2014 and December 2021 were followed up for pacemaker device change, new onset AV block, bundle branch block, atrial fibrillation (AF), lead complications, reoperation and mortality rate.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 113 patients underwent single chamber atrial pacemaker implantation for SND during the study period. Mean age was 55.6 ± 12.7 years. During a mean follow up of 48.7 ± 24.9 months, none of the patients required pacemaker device change to VVIR/DDDR. Nine patients underwent reoperation, 5 for lead dislodgment, 1 for high threshold, 1 for pocket site erosion and 3 for pulse generator change. None developed AV block or AF with slow ventricular rate. Only 4 patients developed AF (3 paroxysmal,1 permanent). There were 3 deaths during follow up and none were sudden deaths.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Single chamber atrial pacing is an acceptable mode of pacing in patients with SND in developing countries. Development of AV conduction abnormalities is rare in this relatively younger population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 27-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001948322300473X/pdfft?md5=74211947ec8fab38a88f8511120f9045&pid=1-s2.0-S001948322300473X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138618707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ‘qRBBB myocardial infarction’: Unwrapping an old enigma","authors":"Charan P. Lanjewar,&nbsp;Bhavik S. Shah,&nbsp;Girish R. Sabnis,&nbsp;Achal Sharma,&nbsp;Dhiraj Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary-care center over a span of two years. Patients presenting with acute Anterior-Wall STEMI were included as a study population. The subgroups included qRBBB pattern on ECG and non-qRBBB group. Among 1128 patients included in the study, 100 (11.28 %) patients presented with qRBBB pattern. Increased risk of cardiogenic shock, increased hospital-stay, a higher Killip class on presentation, high incidence of recanalized IRA, remarkably depressed LVEF were significantly associated with qRBBB-MI, which is a menacing form of ACS that leads not only to a high mortality but also to a long-term morbidity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 57-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483224000051/pdfft?md5=56bca855c5daea996a99fa6142131a64&pid=1-s2.0-S0019483224000051-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139416914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pericardial fat volume and coronary risk factors as predictors of non-calcified coronary plaque presence among patients with coronary calcium score = 0","authors":"Abdulameer A. Al-Mosawi ,&nbsp;Hussein Nafakhi ,&nbsp;Yusra Sahib Alabayechi","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2023.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2023.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>There is scarce data linking pericardial fat volume (PFV) and classical coronary risk factors with non-calcified plaque presence among patients with CAC = 0 in the literature.</p></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><p>A total of 811 patients with chest pain suggestive of angina underwent CT coronary angiography for the assessment of coronary artery disease were collected. Of these, 417 with CAC = 0 were included in the analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>Patients with non-calcified plaque were older (54 ± 9 versus 50 ± 10, <em>P</em> = 0.01) and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (31% versus 17%, <em>P</em> = 0.02), high BMI (29.9 versus 28.3, <em>P</em> = 0.04), and increased PFV (123 cm³ versus 99 cm³, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) compared to patients without plaque. In multivariate regression analysis, high BMI[OR(CI) = 1.1(1–1.3), <em>P</em> = 0.02] was an independent predictor of non-calcified coronary plaque presence among patients with CAC = 0 after adjustment to variables with <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05 in the univariate analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In patients with a CAC score of 0, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, increased PFV, and high BMI were all associated with the presence of non-calcified plaque. After multivariate adjustment, increased BMI remained a significant independent predictor for non-calcified plaque presence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 51-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483223004753/pdfft?md5=658a8d48064dc6d1b6cf55be28226545&pid=1-s2.0-S0019483223004753-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138829608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of bleeding after percutaneous coronary interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Reza Heidary Moghadam ,&nbsp;Aida Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Nader Salari ,&nbsp;Arkan Ahmed ,&nbsp;Shamarina Shohaimi ,&nbsp;Masoud Mohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bleeding is a common complication associated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bleeding after PCI through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The systematic review and meta-analysis covered the period from 1989 to 2023. Multiple databases, including Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences (WoS), MagIran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Google Scholar, were searched using validated keywords with MeSH and Emtree. The I² index was used to check for heterogeneity among studies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The review of 8 studies, with a sample size of 397,298 participants, showed high heterogeneity (I²: 97.8 %). Therefore, the random effects method was used to analyze the results. The prevalence of bleeding after intervention in percutaneous coronary arteries was reported to be 4.4 % (95%CI: 2–9.1).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This meta-analysis showed a significant prevalence of bleeding after PCI, highlighting the need for health policymakers to pay more attention to the complications associated with PCI. Interventional cardiologists should consider the effective factors in these bleeding and how to treat and control them due to the importance of this complication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483224000099/pdfft?md5=a5e31e8654341624dc1dbed9dcea05da&pid=1-s2.0-S0019483224000099-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139432043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of mechanical complications in patients with acute ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction","authors":"Rohit Mathur,&nbsp;Vivek Lakhawat,&nbsp;Viplov Kesarwani,&nbsp;Pawan Sarda,&nbsp;Anil Baroopal","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This prospective observational study aimed to determine the proportion of mechanical complications in patients with acute STEMI and assess the associated outcomes. The study was conducted between June’21 and May’22, including 1307 patients. Mechanical complications were evaluated using 2D-Echo. Among the STEMI patients, 17 individuals (1.3 %) experienced mechanical complications. The most prevalent complication was FWR (<em>n</em> = 9), followed by VSR(<em>n</em> = 7) and PMR (<em>n</em> = 1). However, despite their low incidence, mechanical complications carry a significant mortality burden. Mortality rates were higher in older age and female patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 60-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483224000154/pdfft?md5=a2fd0d277ff01eb9b5742b3e7dff13be&pid=1-s2.0-S0019483224000154-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139671658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphism (Glu298asp) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)","authors":"Mohit Dayal Gupta ,&nbsp;Cherian Akkarappatty ,&nbsp;Shekhar Kunal ,&nbsp;Girish MP ,&nbsp;Ankit Bansal ,&nbsp;Vishal Batra ,&nbsp;Sanjay Tyagi","doi":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Genetic polymorphism in endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) are associated with occurrence of multiple cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study included 300 young ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients and 300 healthy controls. STEMI patients were divided into two groups: premature coronary artery disease [CAD] (STEMI&lt;40 years of age) and older STEMI (&gt;40 years of age). Genetic polymorphisms in the eNOS gene (894G/T<em>)</em> was evaluated in both subjects and controls. Plasma levels of nitric oxide (NO) were estimated for both patients as well as controls.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mean age of the study population was 49.7 ± 9.2 years with premature CAD being present in 58 (19.3 %) patients. No significant difference at genotypic (<em>P</em> = 0.589, odds ratio (OR) = 0.9, 95 % CI = 0.6–1.6) and allelic level (<em>P</em> = 0.173, OR = 1.2, 95 % CI = 0.9–1.4) was observed between STEMI patients and healthy controls. Genotype 894 TT had significantly higher frequency in STEMI patients &gt;40 years (<em>P</em> = 0.047, OR: 2.5; 95 % CI = 1.0–6.0). No significant difference at genotypic (<em>P</em> = 0.279) and allelic level (<em>P</em> = 0.493) was observed between premature CAD (STEMI age &lt;40 years) and healthy controls. NO levels (131 ± 59.6 μM vs 118.11 <em>±</em> 49<em>.</em>96 μM; <em>P</em> = 0.001) was significantly higher in healthy controls as compared to STEMI patients &gt;40 years of age (<em>P</em>= 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There was significant association of eNOS gene polymorphism Glu298Asp with STEMI patients &gt; 40 years. However, this association was not observed in premature CAD patients. Lower levels of NO in STEMI patients &gt;40 years suggests its potential role as a marker of CVD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13384,"journal":{"name":"Indian heart journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 67-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483224000166/pdfft?md5=a5b525ebc6a6a3d3a8f68200f2756a74&pid=1-s2.0-S0019483224000166-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139680961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}