{"title":"A maximum likelihood algorithm for solving the correspondence problem in tri-aural perception","authors":"H. Peremans","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398414","url":null,"abstract":"To solve some of the problems associated with using conventional ultrasonic range sensors for mobile robots, the author proposes the use of tri-aural sensors. A tri-aural sensor consists of one ultrasonic transceiver and two additional receivers. With it the robot can determine accurate position estimates, both distance and bearing, of most of the objects in its field of view. This sensor also has object recognition capabilities, making it possible to discriminate between edges and planes. However, this information is available only if the echoes detected by the three receivers can be combined in groups consisting of echoes generated by the same reflector. In this paper the author proposes a matching algorithm based on the maximum likelihood principle. The problem can thus be formulated as an integer programming problem. To test how this matching algorithm fares in realistic circumstances the author has done extensive simulations. These results as well as possible improvements are discussed in the final section of the paper.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115717324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fusion technologies for drug interdiction","authors":"C. Chong, M. Liggins","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398421","url":null,"abstract":"Data for drug interdiction comes from multiple sources including sensors such as radar and infrared and databases from law enforcement agencies and customs service. These sensors and sources are controlled by different government agencies and sometimes involve more than one country. In order to provide information for detection, tracking, intercept and apprehension, data from these disparate sources need to be fused. This paper describes a distributed architecture that can support fusion for drug interdiction and relevant fusion technologies. The architecture consists of multiple platforms/processing sites cooperating with each other. Each site has its own sensors or data sources and fuses (processes) the local data to perform its own functions. Since a single site may not have all the needed information to detect and track drug related traffic, different sites or platforms exchange data with each other to perform distributed fusion. Relevant fusion technologies for drug interdiction including all-source fusion, distributed fusion and sensor resource management are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"311 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115769784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fault diagnosis of plant systems using immune networks","authors":"A. Ishiguro, Yuji Watanabe, Y. Uchikawa","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398475","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, systems such as chemical and nuclear plant systems have been increasing in scale and complexity. In these systems, when a certain device (unit) in a plant system becomes faulty, its influence propagates through the whole system, and then causes a fatal situation. To construct the safety and reliability of plant systems, the necessity for an efficient fault diagnosis technique is increasingly demanded. On the other hand, biological systems such as human beings can be said to be the ultimate information processing system, and are expected to provide feasible ideas to engineering fields. Among the information processing systems in biological systems, immune systems work as online fault diagnosis systems by constructing large-scale networks, called immune networks (idiotypic networks). In this study, we try to apply these immune networks to a fault diagnosis of plant systems. And the feasibility of our proposed method is confirmed by simulations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"238 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115788704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Learning the expected utility of sensors and algorithms","authors":"J. Lindner, R. Murphy, Elizabeth Nitz","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398401","url":null,"abstract":"A method is proposed which estimates the expected utility of a sensor being used in a sensor fusion framework. The resulting values are used to predict the subset of sensors which should be read to minimize the total cost of an observation cycle. Preliminary results from experiments taken with three sensors mounted on a mobile robot indicate that the method is indeed capable of reducing the average cost of an observation cycle, and that it is also capable of dynamically tracking conditions which change the expected utility values.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115871928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A frequency response method for multi-sensor high-speed navigation systems","authors":"S. Cooper, H. Durrant-Whyte","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398478","url":null,"abstract":"A method using classical frequency response techniques is described to enable the systematic design of multi-sensor systems and Kalman filter models, as is the design of a navigation system for a high speed (25 m/s) outdoor land vehicle using these methods, demonstrating the value of this technique in the design of sensor suites and the creation of error budgets.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115934454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Belief formation from observation and belief integration using virtual belief space in Dempster-Shafer probability model","authors":"T. Matsuyama","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398429","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating uncertain information from multiple sources is a key technology to realise reliable AI systems. The Dempster-Shafer probability model (DS model) provides a useful computational scheme for the integration. In this paper, the author proposes two algorithms for belief formation and integration based on the DS model. The first algorithm is for computing a basic probability assignment function based on similarity measures between observed data and object categories. The soundness of the algorithm is shown using mathematical relations between several fuzzy measures. Then, the author proposes a new algorithm for integrating multiple beliefs (i.e, basic probability assignment functions). Using this algorithm, the author can solve a controversial problem in the DS model about how to combine partially conflicting beliefs. That is, with the proposed algorithm, the author can smoothly integrate multiple beliefs even if they are partially/totally conflicting. From a computational viewpoint, moreover, the belief integration by the proposed algorithm can be implemented very efficiently.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"2010 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129126485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Haptic recognition system with sensory integration and attentional perception","authors":"Y. Sakaguchi, K. Nakano","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398441","url":null,"abstract":"The authors constructed a haptic recognition system which discriminates feel of touch based on the principles of sensory integration and attentional perception. The system is equipped with several sensors and can push and rub the object's surface with several values of force and speed. It integrates the sensory information iteratively by selecting appropriate sensors and measurement conditions according to the proceeding of the recognition. The algorithms of sensory integration and of attentional perception are realized by Bayes inference and by an iterative experimental design based on an information criterion, respectively. The experimental result shows that the system can discern a subtle difference in feel of touch. It is also proved that the system selects appropriate sensors and conditions according to the situation, that is, the attentional perception algorithm realizes good recognition accuracy with fewer observations. In addition, it is shown that the characteristics used in the system correspond well to those human beings utilize in haptic perception. These results suggest that the constructed system is a faithful model for the human haptic mechanism.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117346365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A reflexive navigation algorithm for an autonomous mobile robot","authors":"J. Vandorpe, H. Van Brussel","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398445","url":null,"abstract":"A new, reflexive type of navigation for the Leuven intelligent autonomous system (LIAS), implemented in a distributed transputer system, is presented. The mobile robot is meant to travel as fast and as safe as possible in a dynamic, vague or even completely unknown and unstructured factory environment. The navigation system consists of a reactive planning module combined with a low level fuzzy logic avoidance behaviour which enables the robot to move to a goal by only specifying the goal coordinates. A fusion algorithm combines perception information of three different sensors for accurate modelling of the world. The presented navigation method was tested with the real robot and it proved to be useful in real world applications.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125647646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Positioning by tree detection sensor and dead reckoning for outdoor navigation of a mobile robot","authors":"S. Maeyama, A. Ohya, S. Yuta","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398392","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a positioning method for outdoor navigation of a mobile robot, by fusing dead reckoning and the tree detection sensor which consists of sonar and vision. A street lined with trees is assumed to be the mobile robot's outdoor work space. In this environment, trees are good landmarks for robot's position estimation. This paper describes a method for robot position estimation by fusion of dead reckoning and tree detection sensor based on maximum likelihood estimation at first. Then, the method for the detection of tree using the sensor system with sonar and vision mounted in one body is described. At last, the experimental results of self-guidance with the experimental autonomous mobile robot \"YAMABICO\" is presented. The result shows the effectiveness of the our method for outdoor navigation of the mobile robot.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127414951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implementation of an intelligent roving robot using multiple sensors","authors":"S. Hwang, B.P. Kintigh","doi":"10.1109/MFI.1994.398378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MFI.1994.398378","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to present a voice activated roving robot with a stand-alone 8031 microcontroller system using two DC motors. In order to secure the robot, four types of sensors are interfaced. They are four compressive wire sensors, two current sensors, an ultrasonic sensor, and two temperature sensors. The compressive wire sensors detect touching obstacles, the ultrasonic sensor provides the robot the range information of long-distance objects, the current sensors are used to protect the motors from surge current, and the temperature transducers are used to detect overheating. A voice activated synthesizer is employed to translate verbal commands to control signals for the robot. The experiment results indicate that the robot works as we expected. This device could be used as a tool for education, or modified as a robotic mail cart system in an office building. Features of this system are flexibility, high reliability, and simplicity.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":133630,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1994 IEEE International Conference on MFI '94. Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129493272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}