Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Utility of Colour Flow Doppler Ultrasonography to Differentiate Gestational Transient Thyrotoxicosis and Graves Disease in Pregnancy.","authors":"Vijay Sheker Reddy Danda, Piyush Lodha, Srinivas Rao Paidipally, Sandeep Reddy Devireddy","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_54_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_54_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Accurate diagnosis of the etiology of thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy is important to guide appropriate treatment. The role of thyroid blood flow velocities by color Doppler to differentiate between Graves' disease (GD) in pregnancy and gestational transient thyrotoxicosis (GTT) is not well explored. This study evaluated inferior thyroid artery (ITA)-peak systolic velocity (PSV) as a marker for differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-six pregnant patients with thyrotoxicosis (30 with GTT and 26 with GD) along with 30 age-matched healthy euthyroid pregnant subjects were enrolled. Thyroid ultrasound examinations and color Doppler was performed by an ultrasound scanner. The studies of the right and left ITAs were performed with Doppler, and the PSV and End diastolic velocity (EDV) values were obtained from the right and left ITA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean total T4 value in GD and GTT were almost similar (25.04 ± 2.43 vs 23.25 ± 2.81, <i>P</i> value = 0.14). Beta HCG levels were significantly higher in cases of GTT as compared to GD (152946 ± 26694 vs 120608 ± 21244 mIU/ml, <i>P</i> < 0.0001). The ITA-PSV and EDV in patients with GTT were significantly lower than those of pregnant patients with GD (right: 22.5 ± 6.8 and 8.3 ± 2.3; left: 22.97 ± 6.3 and 8.13 ± 2.01; <i>P</i> < 0.001). receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated an optimal cutoff value of mean right ITA-PSV of 35 cm/sec to differentiate GTT from GD during pregnancy, with 84.6% and 93.3% sensitivity and specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thyroid artery velocities can help to differentiate between GD and GTT. The cutoff point of mean ITA-PSV at 35 cm/s had an excellent value in differentiating between the two, with good sensitivity and specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fostering Excellence in Endocrinology Research: The Inaugural Edition of the Yuvaratna Awards of the Endocrine Society of India.","authors":"Lakshmi Nagendra, Sunetra Mondal","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_398_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_398_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Endocrine Society of India (ESI) has introduced a new award, the Yuvaratna Awards, for recognizing the best research conducted by recently graduated endocrinologists across the country. This research should be carried out independently and not as part of or as a continuation of work initiated during residency. Two distinct categories were established: one for individuals working in academic institutions and another for those employed in private hospitals. This distinction acknowledges the unique benefits and challenges faced in both settings. This initiative serves as an excellent means to foster and promote research enthusiasm among young endocrinologists. This article elaborates on our firsthand experience as participants in the inaugural session of this award and delves into how it influenced our motivation for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"19-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type D and Serine Racemase Genetic Variants with Type 2 Diabetes in Malaysian Indians.","authors":"Riyadh Saif-Ali, Zaid Al-Hamodi, Sameer D Salem, Molham Al-Habori, Sami A Al-Dubai, Ikram S Ismail","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_209_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_209_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) candidate genes, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D (PTPRD), and serine racemase (SRR) were suggested by a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Chinese population. Association studies have been replicated among East Asian populations. The association of PTPRD and SRR genetic variants with T2D in Southeast Asian populations still needs to be studied. This study aimed to investigate the association of PTPRD and SSR genetic variants with T2D in Malaysian Indian subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PTPRD (rs649891 and rs17584499) and SRR (rs4523957, rs391300, and rs8081273) were genotyped in 397 T2D and 285 normal Malaysian Indian subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The homozygous dominant genotype of rs17584499 is frequent in diabetic patients (56.5%) compared to normal subjects (47.3%). In contrast, the homozygous recessive genotype of rs8081273 is more frequent among normal subjects (12.5%) than diabetic patients (5.6%). The dominant genetic model showed that PTPRD rs17584499 (CC) is a risk factor for T2D (OR = 1.42, <i>P</i> = 0.029), whereas the recessive genetic model showed that SRS SNP rs8081273 was protective for T2D (OR = 0.42, <i>P</i> = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirmed the association of PTPRD rs17584499 genetic variations with T2D in Malaysian Indians. While the SRR rs8081273 (TT) genotype showed protection against T2D, more investigation in different populations is required to confirm this protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"55-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes on Anti-Diabetic Agents for Probable Hypoglycaemia Using the Stanford Hypoglycemia Questionnaire (SHQ) in Outpatient Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study from Outpatient Diabetes Care Centres in North India.","authors":"Rajiv Awasthi, Arun K Pande, Kumar P Chandra, Vivek Agarwal, Mukulesh Gupta, Ajoy Tewari, Nitin Gupta, Santosh Chaubey, Sandeep Chaudhary, Sajid Ansari, Dinesh Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_42_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_42_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study was aimed at identifying the incidence of unreported probable hypoglycaemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on anti-diabetic medications, using the screening Stanford Hypoglycemia Questionnaire (SHQ) in real-world situations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It was a multicentre cross-sectional study on consecutive individuals attending 10 diabetes care centres in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The inclusion criteria were as follows: known individuals with T2DM, literate, age greater than or equal to 18 years, on at least one anti-diabetic agent for more than a month and not engaged in regular self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study was conducted from August 2017 to April 2018, involving 1198 participants. The mean age of the individuals enrolled was 53.45 years (±10.83), with males comprising 55.3% of the population. It was found that 63.6% of patients were on sulphonylurea (SU), 14.5% were on pioglitazone, 92.2% on metformin, 62.3% on Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP4i) and 12.8% on Sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT2i). The mean SHQ score was 1.81 (±1.59). Probable hypoglycaemia was mild in 57.59%, moderate in 14.69% and severe in 1.41%. Those with diabetic neuropathy (<i>P</i> = <0.001), retinopathy (<i>P</i> = <0.001) and nephropathy (<i>P</i> = <0.001) had significantly higher SHQ scores. Insulin or SU use was associated with a significantly higher SHQ score. Concomitant statin use was associated with a lower incidence of mild, moderate and severe hypoglycaemia (<i>P</i> = 0.01). On multivariate analysis, we found that age, sex, systolic blood pressure (SBP), insulin use and fasting blood sugar were the most important factors associated with an increased risk of hypoglycaemia with an R² cut-off of 0.7.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SHQ was discovered to be a simple and cost-effective screening tool for outpatient detection of hypoglycaemia in an Indian setting, and it can add value to management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"86-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of <i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> Plant (Rumi Mastagi) in Comparison to Levosulpiride in Patients with Diabetic Gastroparesis: A Double-Blind Non-Inferior Randomised Control Trial Study.","authors":"Ajaypal Singh, Ravi Kant, Rohit Raina, Vandana Dhingra, Rajeev Nema, Mukesh Chand Bairwa, Varsha Kanwar, Rifika L Sukhes Mukherjee, Anissa Atif Mirza, Mayank Agarwal","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_84_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_84_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gastrointestinal neuropathies are frequently found in diabetic patients. The pathogenesis of diabetic gastroparesis (DG) is multifactorial. The usual treatment for DG includes dietary modifications, prokinetic and antiemetic agents. There is increasing demand for more effective medicines to treat DG. The current study was conducted on the <i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> stem extract to add to the armamentarium of DG treatment and to find the efficacy of <i>P. lentiscus</i> plant extract (mastic gum) in comparison to levosulpiride in DG for improvement in gastroparesis symptoms and gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) in a single centric double-blind non-inferiority randomised control trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-eight individuals were recruited and equally randomised into two study groups based on Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) score and TC₉₉ Radionuclide GES, mastic gum group and levosulpiride group. Both pre and post-intervention (8 weeks) GCSI scores were calculated, GES was performed to quantify the improvement in gastric emptying. Power analysis was performed using G*POWER software version 3.1.9.7 and data analysis using SPSS 23.0, variables measured in mean ± standard deviation (SD). Various statistical tests were used such as independent t-test, Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, Wilcox Mann-Whitney test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, and posthoc pairwise tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mastic gum is found effective in the improvement of 4 h gastric emptying percentage from the mean (SD) 76.60 (± 9.96) to mean (SD) 97.20 (2.17)% (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Mastic gum has the property of HbA1c reduction, which is more significant than that of levosulpiride (<i>P</i> = 0.044). Mastic gum also had significant Low density lipoprotein (LDL) (mg/dL) levels reduction, (<i>P</i> < 0.001), compared to levosupiride. An absolute increase was observed in haemoglobin (HB) level in mastic gum at a 2-month mean (SD) of 1.03 (0.77) (g/dL) (<i>P</i>-value <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the effect of levosulpiride with mastic gum concerning improvement in diabetic gastroparesis (DG) using GES. In the study, mastic gum was found to have great properties to improve DG with many important pleiotropic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"35-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Effect of Montelukast in the Model of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats.","authors":"Dhananjay Kokate, Padmaja Marathe","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_414_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_414_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive condition and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in its pathogenesis. In pre-clinical studies, Montelukast had shown renoprotective and anti-oxidant properties, hence the study was planned to evaluate the effect of Montelukast in a Streptozotocin (STZ) induced model of diabetic nephropathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>40 Wistar rats of either sex were randomly divided into four groups <i>viz</i>. 1. Vehicle control group, 2. Enalapril (5 mg/kg), 3. Montelukast low-dose (10 mg/kg) and 4. High-dose (20 mg/kg) group. On day 1, diabetes was induced using a single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Diabetes induction was verified based on fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels on day 7 and from day 8 to day 42, rats were given study drugs. FBG, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urine microalbumin levels were assessed pre-study and post-study. Assessments of kidney malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and renal histopathology were carried out at the end of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Montelukast 10 mg/kg group showed significantly lower urine microalbumin levels compared to the vehicle control group (p < 0.05). Montelukast 20 mg/kg group showed significantly lower levels of FBG, serum creatinine, BUN and urine microalbumin compared to the vehicle control group (p < 0.05). In addition, Montelukast 20 mg/kg group also showed better effects on kidney MDA and GSH levels (p < 0.05) and histopathological scores compared to the vehicle control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Montelukast showed a protective effect in the model of diabetic nephropathy because of its antioxidant effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Young and Adolescents: Alike or Unlike Adult Hyperparathyroidism? - A Series from South India.","authors":"Dhalapathy Sadacharan, Smitha S Rao, Shriraam Mahadevan, G Shanmugasundar, S Murthy, Shruti Chandrashekaran, Vijay Bhaskar Reddy, Bharath Ramji","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_150_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_150_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine condition but rare in the pediatric and adolescent populations. The presentations can be unique, accounting for significant morbidity in the case of untimely detection.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study surgically treated pediatric PHPT retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Surgically treated children of PHPT up to 20 years of age between 2010 to 2022 were analyzed. All of them were operated on by an endocrine surgeon and team.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a total of 712 parathyroidectomies over 12 years, out of which there were 52 children (7.3%) had PHPT at less than 20 years of age. This group included 32 male children. The mean age was 16.1 years, including 7 cases of neonatal severe HPT. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 was confirmed in 12 children. Presentations were more severe like bone pain (35.13%), renal stones (27.02%), incidental asymptomatic detection (18.9%), failure to thrive (10.8%), and pancreatitis (8.1%) as compared to adults. Mean serum calcium was 12.9 mg/dl (highest-14.1, N-8.8-10.8 mg/dl), mean parathormone levels were 386.91 pg/ml (N-10-65) and vitamin D levels ranged from 2.9-22.8 ng/ml. Localization was done with ultrasound and ^99mTc- SESTAMIBI scans. Mean serum calcium levels in NSPHPT were 28.6 mg/dl (N-8.8-10.8 mg/dl). There were a total of 45 cases (6.32%) of PHPT less than 20 years of age, excluding the cases of NSPHPT. All children underwent parathyroidectomy, with 14 cases having an additional thymectomy, 2 cases with thyroidectomy, and a single case of hemithyroidectomy. The cure rate was 97.3%, while one baby with NSPHPT had persistent disease (postop PTH-110 pg/ml). The uniglandular disease was seen in 54.05% and the rest had a multiglandular disease. Adults accounted for 559/660 cases with 80% uniglandular disease. All cases had a postoperative histopathological confirmation with an average follow-up of 1 year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Childhood PHPT has a few features same as the adult population. Symptomatic presentations like adults, though pancreatitis and fatigue were more commonly seen as compared to bone pain. Calcium, phosphorus, and parathormone levels were comparable. Uniglandular involvement was seen just like the adult population. There are a few others that make them a distinct subtype like their symptoms of bone pain and being more common among boys. One-fourth of them had MEN1. Fewer cases in this age group make them unique.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Irisin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Alteration with Metformin Intervention.","authors":"Radhakrishna Telagareddy, Padala Ravi Kumar, Sudhi Ranjan Pattanaik, Deepak Kumar Dash, Debasish Patro, Bijay K Sahoo, Mahija Sahu","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_379_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_379_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies investigating the alterations of serum irisin and its change with metformin therapy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are conflicting. Our aim is to study serum irisin in PCOS patients and the change of irisin levels with metformin therapy over 6 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a randomized control study conducted in 187 PCOS cases and 94 age-matched controls aged 18-40 years. Detailed evaluation of anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal parameters was performed. A subset of 99 overweight/obese patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥23 kg/m² were stratified into a metformin group (n = 67) receiving 500 mg thrice daily and a lifestyle intervention-only group (n = 32). The effect of metformin therapy on serum irisin levels was measured at the end of 6 months. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS version 26.0 Software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum irisin was higher in PCOS patients than in controls [12.47 (8.1-17.7) vs 8.3 (7.0-9.6) ng/ml, <i>P</i> < 0.001], independent of BMI. Serum irisin showed a significant positive association with BMI (β =0.168), waist-to-hip ratio (β =0.166), leutinizing hormone (β =0.225), TG (β =0.305), FAI (β =0.151), and testosterone (β =0.135). Serum irisin showed a significant positive association with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (β =0.14, <i>P</i> = 0.04) in overweight/obese PCOS patients only (n = 146) but not in the whole PCOS cohort (n = 187). Metformin reduced the median serum irisin levels significantly (13.9 to 12.1 ng/ml, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and the delta change in irisin levels was associated with HOMA-IR in the metformin group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum irisin is increased in PCOS patients independent of BMI. Metformin therapy reduced serum irisin levels in overweight/obese PCOS patients by improving insulin resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"91-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hidden Battle Within: Shedding Light on the Co-existence of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity among Participants with Type 2 Diabetes in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Gujarat.","authors":"M Yogesh, Mansi Mody, Naresh Makwana, Samarth Rabadiya, Jenish Patel, Samyak Shah","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_321_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_321_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia due to abnormal insulin secretion and/or utilisation. Currently, sarcopenia has emerged as a new complication of T2DM, which increases the risk of physical disability, and even death. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) as well as their association with various other factors related to T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was an observational hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted among diabetic patients who came to the non-communicable diseases (NCD) clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Gujarat, India, from April 2023 to June 2023. Adult patients with T2DM attending follow-ups were included, with a diagnosis of T2DM for at least 1 year from the date of their electronic medical records, regardless of their mode of therapeutic treatment. They were on regular medical reviews with two or more visits to the study site in the past 1 year. Then a self-structured standard questionnaire was used to collect the data, containing socio-demographic characteristics, clinical profiles, anthropometric assessment (comprising weight, height and body mass index [BMI]), bio-impedance indices like body fat%, skeletal muscle% and handgrip by hand dynamometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study, a total of 404 participants participated. Their mean age was 55 ± 13.5 years and their mean body fat (BF) % was 30 ± 7.4%. BF%-defined obesity was found in 260 (64.4%) participants. A total of 362 (89.6%) had possible sarcopenia, 183 (45.3%) had sarcopenia and 124 (30.7%) had SO. Age (OR: 2.6, CI: 1.7-3.9), duration of diabetes for more than 7 years (OR: 7.5, CI: 3.65-15.4) and BF%-defined obesity (OR: 2.2, CI: 3.6-15) were statistically associated with Sarcopenia, in similar pattern age (OR: 2.4, CI: 1.5-3.7), and duration of diabetes more than 7 years (OR: 18.9, CI: 5.7-62) were associated with SO (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older age, longer diabetes duration and BF%-defined obesity are associated with an increased likelihood of developing sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity. Healthcare providers should prioritise regular screening for sarcopenia and SO in elderly individuals with diabetes to facilitate early detection and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"80-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterophilic Interference of Rheumatoid Factor in TSH Immunometric Assay: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.","authors":"Shaikh N Nayeemuddin, Akash Panigrahi, Rana Bhattacharjee, Subhankar Chowdhury","doi":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_99_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijem.ijem_99_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Considering the inherent vulnerability of immunoassays for heterophilic interference and the potential of Rheumatoid Factor (RF) to act as a heterophile-like antibody, we conducted this study to investigate if RF leads to any such heterophilic interference in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The study was done on the TSH assay as it is a noncompetitive, double antibody sandwich assay, which is known to be vulnerable to heterophilic interference.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional observational study, eighty-four consecutive newly diagnosed RF-positive RA patients underwent TSH, Free T4, and anti-TPO estimation using the chemiluminescence technique (CLIA) on Siemens Immulite 1000 platform. The samples were screened for TSH interference using four methods: 1) analysis on a different platform, 2) assessment of linearity using doubling dilutions, 3) polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, and 4) addition of a commercial blocker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten samples had a loss of linearity on serial dilution, indicating potential interference. After heterophile blocker treatment, five cases exhibited interference. One patient had diagnostic interpretation discordance on the second platform. No sample on PEG precipitation suggested the influence of antibodies. It is worth noting that even in cases where interference was suspected, the clinical interpretation was largely unaffected by the correction of TSH values based on mean dilution or measurement after heterophile blocker treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RF can cause heterophilic interference in TSH immunoassays used commercially. However, in most cases, this interference does not affect clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":13353,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}