Indian Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Translation and adaptation of rating scales.","authors":"Sandeep Grover, Vikas Menon, Snehil Gupta, K Vidhukumar, P V Indu, Deenu Chacko","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_532_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_532_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rating scales are key to any quantitative research in psychiatry. It is essential to recognize that rating scales developed in one language and cultural context may not directly apply to another. A literal translation may not be sufficient for valid results, as this does not reflect the conceptual equivalence. Therefore, it is essential to translate and adapt rating scales developed in one language to another to ensure the development of a translated scale with good conceptual equivalence to the original scale. This article covers the various types of translations, the translation procedures, and the steps involved in translating and adapting rating scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"643-647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ATR-X Syndrome mimicking Down syndrome: A diagnostic challenge with psychiatric implications.","authors":"Sriparno Patra, Soumitra Ghosh, Barasha Saharia","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_231_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_231_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"648-649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spiritual wellbeing and psychiatric comorbidity among patients with advanced-stage solid tumor cancer.","authors":"Apurba N Mahato, Mukesh K Swami, Puneet Pareek, Naresh Nebhinani","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_867_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_867_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The physical and psychological suffering of advanced-stage cancer patients has received attention recently, but the role of spiritual wellbeing (SpWB) in psychiatric morbidity is not adequately explored in the Indian context. Understanding this dimension may improve the quality of care among these patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The present study aimed to identify the correlates of SpWB and its association with psychiatric comorbidity among patients with advanced-stage solid tumor cancer.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Radiation-oncology department of a tertiary-care hospital after obtaining ethical approval. Patients with advanced-stage solid tumors (n = 102) were assessed with clinical interview and rating scales [Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Spiritual Wellbeing 12 Item Scale (FACIT-Sp-12)]. The Chi-square test, Spearman's correlation, and logistic regression were used to examine the association of SpWB with psychiatric morbidity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 102 patients, 36.27% had a psychiatric diagnosis, the most frequent being adjustment disorder. SpWB had a significant negative correlation with anxiety (ρ = -0.78) and depressive symptoms (ρ = -0.70). The family income (U = 848; <i>P</i> = 0.012) and belief about cancer prognosis (χ² = 12.94, <i>P</i> = 0.002) were associated with psychiatric morbidity. In logistic regression, SpWB (OR = 0.834) was significantly associated with psychiatric comorbidity, and among its domains, only 'Meaning' was significantly associated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A higher level of SpWB is linked with lesser depressive and anxiety symptoms and is associated with psychiatric morbidity among advanced-stage cancer patients. The finding suggests a possible role of interventions facilitating spirituality and meaning in preventing psychiatric morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"591-599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An observational study on gray matter volume and white matter integrity in suicide attempters with bipolar I disorder.","authors":"Anuranjan Vishwakarma, Pankaj, Raman Deep, S Senthil Kumaran, Pratap Sharan","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_966_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_966_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with a high risk of lifetime suicide attempts, but relatively few neuroimaging studies have investigated suicidality in the context of BD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to assess the white matter (WM) integrity and gray matter (GM) volume associated with suicide attempts in BD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This observational study recruited 32 patients with DSM-5 bipolar I disorder. Group I had multiple (≥2) lifetime suicide attempts, with at least one attempt in the past year. Group II comprised nonattempters/nonideators who screened negative on the C-SSRS-lifetime version. All patients were euthymic (≤8 on 17-item HAM-D; ≤4 on YMRS). Study assessments included a clinical proforma, NIMH-Life Chart Method, and Barratt's Impulsivity Scale (BIS). MR imaging was performed using a 32-channel head coil on a 3T-MR scanner. All participants underwent DTI, and images were processed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study groups were comparable for age, gender, total BIS, and illness variables. The mean age was 34.3 years (SD 10.4), with 62.5% males in group I. Group comparisons for FA value revealed a lower WM anisotropy for five clusters (threshold of FA 0.2; <i>P</i> < 0.001; GRF corrected) in the suicide attempters' group. These included the left and right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), cingulate, and forceps minor. Voxel-wise analysis of GMV did not show any significant group differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate white matter disruptions associated with lifetime suicide attempts in BD, particularly in the bilateral IFOF, left SLF, cingulate, and forceps minor.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"615-621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of studies on dissociative and conversion disorders in India.","authors":"Dushad Ram, Akash Mathew","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_876_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_876_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychological, social, and cultural factors influence the development of dissociative and conversion disorders. India, with its diverse cultural beliefs and socioeconomic disparities, provides a unique setting for studying the clinical presentations of these disorders.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This scoping review synthesizes literature on dissociative and conversion disorders in India, focusing on their sociodemographic and clinical features, etiological factors, and key findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An extensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases for studies conducted in India between 2000 and 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-eight studies that met the selection criteria were included in this review. Most studies included in this review were cross-sectional, from North India, and involved adults with fewer than 50 participants, with an overrepresentation of females. The prevalence of dissociative and conversion disorders is higher among young married women of rural domicile belonging to a low socioeconomic status. The common clinical presentations were pseudoseizures, paralysis, and trance. The key etiological factors identified were childhood trauma, family dysfunction, and psychosocial stress. Psychiatric comorbidities included depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and personality issues. Cultural and religious beliefs strongly influence both symptom presentation and treatment-seeking behaviors. Sociodemographic, cultural, and psychosocial factors substantially influence the clinical presentation of dissociative and conversion disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the need for a culturally sensitive, multidisciplinary approach to address these factors. Future prospective research is needed to assess long-term outcomes and explore the neuropathophysiological mechanisms underlying these disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"574-590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility testing of socio-culturally relevant counseling techniques based on the Indian epic Ramayana for persons with common mental disorders.","authors":"Chhaya S Kurhade, Aarti Jagannathan, Shivarama Varambally, Sushrutha Shivanna, Mariyamma Philip","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_535_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_535_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Common mental health disorders, including anxiety and depression, were identified as the most prevalent conditions in low and middle-income countries like India. Persons with common mental health disorders (CMDs) often seek psychotherapy in conjunction with medical interventions. Religious-based interventions, akin to standardized psychotherapies, have demonstrated efficacy in addressing mental health challenges. Indian counseling is currently in the formative stage, which requires feasibility testing of counseling techniques based on the Ramayana for persons with CMDs.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to test the feasibility of socio-culturally relevant counseling techniques based on Ramayana for persons with CMDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a quasi-experimental single-group pre-post-design to assess the feasibility of the Ramayana-based counseling module on 17 participants with CMDs from the outpatient department of Bangalore. The data was collected from August 2022 to March 2023. Non-parametric tests, including the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, were employed to analyze coping, well-being, and clinical global rating. Correlation analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between well-being, coping, and socio-demographic variables (age, education, and duration of illness).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of feasibility show that clinical severity decreased while mental well-being increased. Four of 14 domains showed changes from baseline to post that increased active coping, positive reframing, and decreased behavioral disengagement and self-blame.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights that the Ramayana-based counseling module is feasible to implement in clinical settings for persons with CMDs and may help in enhancing well-being and coping.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"607-614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketamine's double-edged sword: Therapeutic benefits and adverse events in adolescent treatment-resistant OCD - A case series.","authors":"Suparna Kumar, Jigyansa Ipsita Pattnaik, Udit Kumar Panda, Tanya Dixit, Aashi Srivastava, Shounak Pal, Bhagyashree Acharya, Meghal Gulati, Jayaprakash Russell Ravan","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_1144_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_1144_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>About one-third of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) cases show poor response to first-line treatments. Ketamine's role in modulating glutamate, implicated in OCD pathogenesis, warrants investigation.</p><p><strong>Cases: </strong>Four adolescents with treatment-resistant OCD received ketamine infusion (0.5 mg/kg) every other day for six sessions with monitoring using the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (C-YBCOS) and Clinician-Administered Dissociative State Scale (CADSS). Three patients showed progressive improvement after multiple infusions with maintained benefits at 2-month follow-up. One patient developed ketamine-induced psychosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ketamine shows promise as adjuvant treatment in adolescent OCD, though psychomimetic risks require careful consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"631-634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance use among Indian Physicians: A narrative review.","authors":"Yesh Chandra Singh, Roshan Bhad, Arun Kandaswamy","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_698_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_698_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a global public health problem with more adverse impacts among the population at risk. Healthcare workers, including physicians, are at increased risk of substance use problems in developing countries, including India, due to prolonged working hours, financial stress due to poor pay during early career, and poor work-life balance.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We conducted a narrative review to assess the rate and pattern of substance use among Indian physicians.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>As per limited prevalence studies among Indian physicians since the year 2000, tobacco consumption and alcohol are the most common and have a higher prevalence than the general population. Recent studies also reveal issues with prescription drugs. As physicians entrusted to their patient care, they must follow the code of medical ethics, fulfilling the profession's duties. This creates complex situations in the management of the problem, medical fitness, and stigma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present narrative review assesses the prevalence of substance use among physicians in India. Some of the management and ethical issues in this \"special population\" group are discussed, referring to available literature in other countries, while discussing a way forward for the Indian setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"553-559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring adjunctive continuous theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia: Insights from a case series.","authors":"Sukriti Mukherjee, Jayashree Kalita, Trishita Chatterjee, Zinedine Zidane, Sukanto Sarkar","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_200_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_200_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Auditory hallucinations affect 60%-80% of schizophrenia patients, often causing distress and functional impairment. Despite antipsychotic treatment, 30% remain resistant. Dysfunctional prefrontal-temporal connectivity has been found to be associated with these symptoms. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a neuromodulation technique that targets the dysfunctional area and is being used for treatment of persistent auditory hallucinations in Schizophrenia with mixed results. Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation (cTBS) is a novel neuromodulation technique that works on the principals of rTMS with similar or more robust clinical efficacy.</p><p><strong>Cases: </strong>We describe the cases of three patients where cTBS was applied.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant improvement in auditory hallucinations was noticed in all three patients. While this evidence must be interpreted with caution, future studies on this topic with robust protocol to be conducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"627-630"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding strategies for stigma reduction in substance use disorder: A qualitative synthesis utilizing the theoretical domain and behavior change wheel frameworks.","authors":"Abhishek Ghosh, Kshitiz Sharma, Arshia Sood, Babita Sharma, Blessy B George","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_149_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_149_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with substance use disorders (PLSUD) face significant stigma, impeding treatment. Psychosocial interventions could reduce stigma, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This review analyzed authors' behavioral explanations supporting stigma-reduction outcomes and explored links between these mechanisms and behavior change.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and a cross-reference search of the published systematic reviews on PLSUD. Inclusion criteria encompassed clinical trials targeting various populations and employing diverse intervention types. Data extraction and thematic analysis were performed using the Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF) to classify emergent themes and codes. The Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) framework was applied to understand the potential behavior change mechanism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 670 initially identified studies, 29 met the inclusion criteria. Most were from the US. These studies represented diverse intervention types, including social contact, psychoeducation, and peer support programs. Thematic analysis revealed 17 themes. Key themes included awareness building, social contact, and emotion processing. Awareness-building efforts targeted self-awareness, public perceptions, and societal expectations, while social contact interventions focused on direct interactions and sharing lived experiences. Strategies like mindfulness and meta-cognitive approaches were identified to aid emotion processing and cognitive reappraisal. The themes were categorized into ten TDF domains. \"Knowledge\" was the most common captured domain. The BCW framework surmised the interrelationship within domains and between domains and capability-motivation-opportunity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychosocial interventions for stigma reduction in PLSUD operate through multifaceted mechanisms. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for designing effective interventions and addressing the complex dynamics of stigma surrounding SUDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"67 6","pages":"560-573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12250250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}