Indian Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Experience of using electroconvulsive therapy for bipolar disorder: A retrospective study from North India.","authors":"Sandeep Grover, Namita Sharma, Subho Chakrabarti","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_222_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_222_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little information is available on response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) from India.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This exploratory study aims to evaluate and compare the sociodemographic and clinical profiles, treatment outcomes of BD patients with depression and mania/mixed episode who received ECT and to evaluate the predictors of response to ECT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data of 278 BD patients who received 325 ECT courses were extracted from the ECT register. The number courses of ECT for bipolar depression (n = 202) exceeded those for mania/mixed episodes (n = 123). In terms of response to ECT, >75% response was achieved in 63.3% cases and >50% response was seen in about 90% of the patients. No significant difference was seen in response to ECTs between bipolar depression and mania/mixed episodes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study suggests that about two-thirds of the BD patients show more than 75% response to ECT, and more than 90% of the BD patients show more than 50% response to ECT.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"973-977"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PvuII-ESR1 gene polymorphism in premenstrual dysphoric disorder in South Indian women.","authors":"Shuchi Odiyanda Charmanna, Anju Srinivas, Akila Prashant, Asmita Jain, M Kishor, Kusuma K Shivashankar","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_461_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_461_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a condition that affects nearly 3-9% of the women in the reproductive age during the luteal phase of each menstrual cycle characterized by symptoms varying in severity and affecting the quality of life. Earlier research studies conducted have reported independent relationships between PvuII-ESR1-polymorphism and psychological traits in PMDD and risk for cognitive, behavioral, and affective symptoms. However, as the studies are few in number and the results are not consistent, there is a need for our study to link between the PvuII-ESR1gene and PMDD.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>All nonpregnant women aged between 18 and 45 years and attending the OBG or Medicine or Psychiatry OPD for a routine health checkup were recruited into the study. The cross-sectional study recruited 35 samples each in the control and PMDD groups using a validated screening PMDD Assessment Scale Questionnaire (PMDDASQ). Mann-Whitney's U test and Chi-square test were used to calculate <i>P</i> values for the continuous and categorical variables. Tetra-primer-amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the PvuII-ESR1gene polymorphism after isolation of genomic DNA from the whole blood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data-Analysis Pak tool and Med-Calc software were used for data analysis. The PvuII-ESR1 genotype distribution was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both PMDD and controls. The PMDDASQ scoring showed a significance with <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05. Pearson's Chi-Squared test performed for genotypes and alleles did not show any significant association with the phenotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PvuII-ESR1 SNP (T/C rs2234693) does not show any association with phenotype between the control and PMDD. However, PMDDAS questionnaire can be used to differentiate the women who are controls from PMDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"911-917"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of the premenstrual dysphoric disorder scale in Indian females.","authors":"Asmita Jain, Manoj K Pandey, T S Sathyanarayana Rao","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_354_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_354_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a mood disorder that has been recognized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) as a subcategory of depressive disorders. The disorder has a high prevalence rate, and yet no uniform measure is standardized on the Indian population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to develop a scale to assess premenstrual dysphoric disorder that can be used for screening and for clinical use and that is standardized on the Indian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used cross-sectional research design and collected data through social media platforms from a sample of 300 females, out of which 38 were excluded for pregnancy, mental health conditions, substance use, and oral contraceptive use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The scale was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 for descriptive statistics, internal consistency, and convergent, content (factor analysis), and divergent validity. Results showed a high reliability of 0.90 and a concurrent validity of 0.76 and 0.64 against PSTT and BDI. Factor analysis revealed four factors, namely, affective and cognitive functioning, daily life and occupational functioning, somatic symptoms, and interpersonal anger. The sensitivity and specificity of the scale were found to be 86 (86%) and 66 (66%), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The scale developed in this study was found reliable and valid for use on the Indian population. It has high sensitivity and can be used as a screening measure for premenstrual dysphoric disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"929-937"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of hypertrophic pachymeningitis with acute on chronic headache presentation: Need for clinical vigilance in psychiatry outpatient settings.","authors":"Keya Das, Shakeela Banu, V Ramakrishna","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_483_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_483_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"985-986"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing India's alcohol misuse crisis: The urgent need for screening and brief intervention to bridge the healthcare gap.","authors":"Abhishek Ghosh","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_785_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_785_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>India faces a significant challenge with alcohol misuse, as evidenced by the national survey revealing that 57 million out of 160 million persons with alcohol use exhibit harmful or dependent patterns, necessitating professional assistance. The Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health (2018) indicates a rising per capita alcohol consumption in the Southeast Asian Region, with India contributing substantially. To address this, implementing policies and programs to curb hazardous alcohol use is crucial. Despite a shortage of mental health professionals in India, they remain the primary caregivers for those with alcohol-related issues. Only one in five individuals with problematic alcohol use can access professional help. I argue for adopting Screening and Brief Intervention (SBI) to bridge this healthcare gap. SBI is a concise, structured counseling approach that proves effective and scalable. It can be delivered by various healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, counselors, and paramedics. Hence, it can be seamlessly integrated into primary care, emergency, and nonclinical settings. The efficacy of SBI extends to electronic formats, providing a scope of expansion through telehealth. The WHO advocates SBI by its SAFER initiative aimed at reducing negative alcohol-associated health and social consequences. SBI is effective across age groups, including adolescents and young adults, constituting most of India's population. Emerging evidence suggests that SBI is acceptable, feasible, and effective in the Indian context. Universal or targeted SBI can be a pivotal tool in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (2030) and global commitments for noncommunicable diseases, fortifying efforts to prevent and treat alcohol misuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"887-894"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study to explore the experiences faced by primary caregivers of children with mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic at the child and adolescent psychiatry OPD.","authors":"Jyoti Gogoi, Radhakrishnan Govindan, Bingi Rajeswari, John V S Kommu","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_627_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_627_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the lived-in experiences of primary caregivers of children with mental illness while taking care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study is a descriptive phenomenological study. Convenience sampling was used. Data were collected by in-depth interviews of 30 primary caregivers of children with mental illness, during the COVID-19 pandemic. All interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using a thematic approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall aura of fear and panic brought by the pandemic found its way into the psyche of patients and the development of their illnesses during the pandemic. The entirety of the work brought out three themes and 11 subthemes as categorized for the aim of this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary caregivers of children with mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic reveal that lifestyle changes, such as online education, confinement, overuse of electronic gadgets, and increased laziness and lethargy in children after prolonged lockdown, were drastic changes which caregivers had to deal with.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"895-903"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From benzodiazepine to etomidate: A risky novel psychoactive substance.","authors":"Chia-Heng Lin, Chen-Han Lin","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_735_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_735_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"981-982"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the psychometric properties of pathological concern questionnaire in Indian emerging adults.","authors":"Shubham Gupta, Priyanka Tiwari","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_659_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_659_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Pathological Concern Questionnaire (PCQ) measures thoughts, emotions, and actions based on attitudes, including repression of personal needs and overinvestment in satisfaction of others' needs. The PCQ is widely used in the literature, but its psychometric properties are not well-established in the Indian population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The current study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of PCQ among emerging adults in India.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The data were collected from 252 emerging adults, aged between 18 and 29 years using PCQ. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to analyse the data. Internal reliability was computed using Cronbach's alpha and correlational analysis was conducted to examine the convergent and discriminant validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The statistical findings supported an acceptable goodness of fit for PCQ in India. PCQ showed an adequate internal consistency (α = 0.903). In addition, correlational analyses supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the PCQ.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that the PCQ is a valid and reliable instrument to measure pathological concern among Indian emerging adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"904-910"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative exposure therapy for the treatment of trauma-related symptoms among adolescent survivors of sex trafficking: A pilot study.","authors":"Sheeba Shamsudeen, Preeti Gupta, Neha Sayeed, Sanjay K Munda","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_248_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_248_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>India is home to 14 million survivors of human trafficking, with most being trafficked for sexual exploitation. Trafficking constitutes crimes that violate the rights of survivors, and despite its psychological consequences, there is little evidence-based guidance to meet the needs of these individuals.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The current study aimed to examine the outcome of narrative exposure therapy (KIDNET) among adolescent survivors of sex trafficking in improving trauma-related symptoms, along with psychological distress, dissociation, depression, and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pre-post study design was used with 20 adolescent female survivors of trafficking aged 13 to 17 years, with ten participants in the KIDNET group and ten participants in a waitlist control group. Trafficking Victim Identification Tool and Standard Progressive Matrices were administered as screening measures. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents, Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale, Shutdown Dissociation Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered as outcome measures. Fourteen sessions of KIDNET were conducted for the clinical group, while sessions were conducted for the control group post delivery of intervention for the clinical group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings suggest an overall improvement in the severity of trauma-related symptoms in the KIDNET group, with significant improvement in psychological distress, depression, and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results indicate that KIDNET may be a promising and acceptable treatment for adolescent survivors of sex trafficking, and this intervention module may be safely delivered in further randomised controlled trials to ensure that the holistic needs of this vulnerable group are appropriately addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"918-928"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury, substance abuse, verbal abuse, and emotional and behavioral issues among adolescents in Uttarakhand, India: A categorical principal component analysis of global school-based health survey.","authors":"Ranjeeta Kumari, Madhvi Dhamania, Sourabh Paul, Abhay Singh, Yogesh Singh, Bhola Nath","doi":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_356_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_356_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescents in low-middle-income countries face increasing physical and mental health challenges. The present study aimed to assess status of injury, verbal abuse, substance use, and emotional behavior of adolescents of Uttarakhand, India, and evaluate the importance of each component.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents in 13 government schools in Uttarakhand using the Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS). Categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA) using Varimax rotation was performed to analyze principal components among two domains of GSHS (substance abuse domain and verbal abuse and emotional behavior domain). Factorability was assessed using Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett's test. Variance Accounted For index was used to evaluate the importance of each component.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 634 adolescents completed the questionnaire. 41.3% students suffered from serious injury with a significant difference (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) between both genders. Girls were more likely to report having felt lonely most of the time or always in the past 12 months (11.0% vs 4.6%, <i>P</i> = 0.018). Boys were more likely to miss classes on 3 or more days (9.9% vs 4.9%, <i>P</i> = 0.043). Initiation of smoking cigarettes (9.6% vs 1.2%, <i>P</i> <0.0001) and tobacco chewing (3.4% vs 0.3%, <i>P</i> = 0.001) was more likely in 12-15-year-old boys. One-third of the students reported male guardians to use either alcohol or some form of tobacco. CATPCA yielded an 11-factor model accounting for 58.26% of variances with the most important principal component named \"Tobacco (Smoking and Chewing): Initiation, Frequency and Attempt to Stop\" (eigenvalue: 4.109).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant differences in various items of injury, verbal abuse, substance use, and emotional behavior were recorded between boys and girls. CATPCA revealed patterns among injury, verbal abuse, emotional behavior, and substance abuse domains of GSHS by categorizing them into 11 components. On the basis of these patterns, prioritizing and development of appropriate school-based interventions may be implemented by various stakeholders of Uttarakhand.</p>","PeriodicalId":13345,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"66 10","pages":"946-955"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}