Indian Journal of Small Ruminants最新文献_第3页

Annual Sexual Behavior in Boer Bucks Located in the Guerrero Tropics in Mexico 位于墨西哥格雷罗热带地区的布尔巴克的年度性行为

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3020014

J. Ponce-Covarrubias, E. C. García y González, B. Pineda-Burgos, Aurora Matilde Guevara-Arroyo, P. Hernández-Ruiz, Fernando Torres-Agatón, Maricela Ruiz-Ortega, Marisol Paredes-Alvarado, José Manuel Robles-Robles, J. C. Rodríguez-Castillo, O. Angel-García, E. Valencia-Franco

{"title":"Annual Sexual Behavior in Boer Bucks Located in the Guerrero Tropics in Mexico","authors":"J. Ponce-Covarrubias, E. C. García y González, B. Pineda-Burgos, Aurora Matilde Guevara-Arroyo, P. Hernández-Ruiz, Fernando Torres-Agatón, Maricela Ruiz-Ortega, Marisol Paredes-Alvarado, José Manuel Robles-Robles, J. C. Rodríguez-Castillo, O. Angel-García, E. Valencia-Franco","doi":"10.3390/ruminants3020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants3020014","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the intensity of the annual sexual behavior (SB) of Boer bucks under tropical conditions in southern Mexico. For one year, 16 extensively grazing males were evaluated for SB individually with estrogenized goats. From the beginning of the experiment and every 30 days, body weight (BW), body condition (BC), testicular circumference (TC), odor intensity (OI), and SB (nudging, ano-genital sniffing, flehmen, mounting attempts, mounts with intromission, and self-urination) were recorded. The bucks showed more intense SB during the months of November to May than during the months of June to October (p < 0.05). Greater frequencies were found for nudging, ano-genital sniffing, mounting attempts, and self-urination in the months of November to May (p < 0.001). BW was lower during the months of January to August than in the months of September to December (p < 0.05). On the other hand, TC increased from October to December (p < 0.05). Similarly, the OI in males varied over time (time effect; p < 0.001). In fact, an increased odor was found from October to December. The conclusions are that breed male goats from the tropics of Guerrero have a more intense SB during the months of November to May, but TC, OI, BW, and BC correspond to the time of the year when forage availability is the greatest.","PeriodicalId":13299,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Small Ruminants","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83378661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Vegetable Oils or Glycerol on the In Vitro Ruminal Production of Greenhouse Gases 植物油和甘油对体外瘤胃温室气体产量的影响

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3020013

Cynthia Sofía Castañeda-Rodríguez, G. Pámanes-Carrasco, J. Páez-Lerma, E. Herrera-Torres, E. Araiza-Rosales, Vicente Hernández-Vargas, H. Medrano-Roldán, D. Reyes-Jáquez

引用次数: 1

Outbreak of Acute Clinical Mastitis in Primigravidae Ewes in the Immediately Pre-Partum Period 初产科母羊临产期急性乳腺炎的临床爆发

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3020012

D. Gougoulis, L. Athanasiou, N. G. Vasileiou, N. Voulgarakis, K. Dimoveli, V. Mavrogianni

{"title":"Outbreak of Acute Clinical Mastitis in Primigravidae Ewes in the Immediately Pre-Partum Period","authors":"D. Gougoulis, L. Athanasiou, N. G. Vasileiou, N. Voulgarakis, K. Dimoveli, V. Mavrogianni","doi":"10.3390/ruminants3020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants3020012","url":null,"abstract":"An outbreak of acute mastitis was investigated in a dairy sheep farm in Central Greece with a prevalence of 8.2%. Two animals were examined with symptoms of hyperacute inflammation in one of the two mammary glands. Affected glands presented swollen to grossly enlarged, warm and painful. In both animals, haematological examination revealed mild anaemia, increased leucocyte counts with mature neutropaenia and left shift, and marked thrombocytosis. Bacteriological examinations of mammary gland secretion yielded heavy growth of Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Escherichia coli from each of the two animals, respectively. Serological examination revealed a high percentage of positive samples for small ruminant lentivirus infection in both animals. The somatic cell count in the bulk-tank milk was 0.65 × 106 cells/mL. The housing conditions were inadequate with high levels of ammonia, intense stocking and muddy bedding. This pathological condition in nulliparous ewes was attributed to the extensive oedema of mammary gland and teat, the relaxation of immunity during the peri-parturient period and the heavily contaminated environment. These findings are in general agreement with corresponding incidents in heifers. Following our instructions for improving housing conditions, no other similar incidents were recorded.","PeriodicalId":13299,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Small Ruminants","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87579107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cactus Pear Silage to Mitigate the Effects of an Intermittent Water Supply for Feedlot Lambs: Intake, Digestibility, Water Balance and Growth Performance 仙人掌梨青贮对饲羊羔采食量、消化率、水分平衡和生长性能的影响

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3020011

I. Nobre, G. G. L. Araújo, E. Santos, G. Carvalho, Ítalo Reneu Rosas de Albuquerque, J. Oliveira, O. L. Ribeiro, S. Turco, G. C. Gois, T. G. F. Silva, A. Perazzo, A. Zanine, D. Ferreira, F. N. de Sousa Santos, F. Campos

{"title":"Cactus Pear Silage to Mitigate the Effects of an Intermittent Water Supply for Feedlot Lambs: Intake, Digestibility, Water Balance and Growth Performance","authors":"I. Nobre, G. G. L. Araújo, E. Santos, G. Carvalho, Ítalo Reneu Rosas de Albuquerque, J. Oliveira, O. L. Ribeiro, S. Turco, G. C. Gois, T. G. F. Silva, A. Perazzo, A. Zanine, D. Ferreira, F. N. de Sousa Santos, F. Campos","doi":"10.3390/ruminants3020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants3020011","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake, digestibility, water balance and growth performance of lambs receiving diets containing cactus silage under an intermittent water supply. Thirty-six male, uncastrated Santa Inês lambs with an initial weight of 19.8 ± 2.1 kg and age of 6 months were distributed in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement, with three proportions of cactus pear in the diets (0 (control diet containing Tifton hay), 21% and 42% of dry matter) and three periods of intermittent water supply (0, 24 and 48 h), with four repetitions. Lambs that received diets non-isonitrogenous with cactus silage showed higher intakes of dry matter (p < 0.001), total digestible nutrients (p < 0.001), water excretion via faeces (p < 0.001) and water balance (p < 0.001). Lambs that received diets with cactus silage showed higher digestibility of total carbohydrates, non-fibre carbohydrates (p = 0.005), water intake via food (p < 0.001), total water intake (p < 0.001), water excretion via urine (p < 0.001) and water balance (p < 0.05), when compared to the control diet. Lambs that received diets with cactus silage promoted growth performance (p = 0.001). When using 42% forage cactus silage in place of Tifton hay and water offered at 48 h intervals, intake, digestibility, and performance of feedlot lambs were improved.","PeriodicalId":13299,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Small Ruminants","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79873626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Circadian Lying Behaviour Assessed in a Commercial Mixed Horned Dairy Goat Herd 商业混合角奶山羊群的昼夜说谎行为评估

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-04-02 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3020010

Ines Maurmann, M. Bernau

{"title":"Circadian Lying Behaviour Assessed in a Commercial Mixed Horned Dairy Goat Herd","authors":"Ines Maurmann, M. Bernau","doi":"10.3390/ruminants3020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants3020010","url":null,"abstract":"In general, the lying behaviour of dairy goats follows a circadian progression. As lying times might have an effect on the health, performance and welfare of dairy goats, housing conditions and management practices should follow circadian behavioural patterns. In the present study, a mixed horned herd of Bunte Deutsche Edelziege was used. Goats were housed in a commercial dairy goat farm in south Germany. During two lactation periods, 20 goats in each period were fitted with an accelerometer to detect lying behaviour. To analyse the accelerometer data, a mixed linear model was used. The highest frequencies of lying bouts (FLBs) occurred in the afternoon, and the lowest ones occurred during milking. Generally, the least square means ± SE of the FLB counts per goat ranged between 1.72 ± 0.07 (20:00–21:59 P.M.) and 2.87 ± 0.07 (12:00–13:59 P.M.). The longest lying bouts (LBD) occurred at night, and lying bouts remained relatively short in the afternoon between milking times. The maximum LBD was 52.20 ± 0.01 min/bout (at night, 02:00–03:59 A.M.), and the shortest duration was 14.31 ± 0.01 min/bout (during morning milking, 08:00–09:59 A.M.). The interactions of time and month had a significant impact on FLB and LBD (p < 0.0001), and so did the interactions of horn status and time (p < 0.05). Further research is necessary to analyse the lying behaviour of dairy goats in more detail to improve management practices.","PeriodicalId":13299,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Small Ruminants","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75126053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can Associative Effects Affect In Vitro Digestibility Estimates Using Artificial Fermenters? 联合效应会影响人工发酵罐的体外消化率吗?

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3020009

L. F. Camacho, T. E. Silva, M. Franco, E. Detmann

{"title":"Can Associative Effects Affect In Vitro Digestibility Estimates Using Artificial Fermenters?","authors":"L. F. Camacho, T. E. Silva, M. Franco, E. Detmann","doi":"10.3390/ruminants3020009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants3020009","url":null,"abstract":"We aimed to test the associative effects among forages, and between forage and concentrates on the in vitro digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fibre using an artificial ruminal fermentation system. The study consisted of two assays, in which associative effects were evaluated among three forages, sugarcane, maize silage, and Tifton 85 hay under two incubation conditions (single feed or all feeds together in a jar), and the associative effects between sugarcane and soybean meal and/or ground maize. For the first assay, sugarcane digestibility increased (p < 0.02), whereas the maize silage digestibility decreased (p < 0.01) when forages were incubated together in the same jar. Tifton hay digestibility was not altered (p ≥ 0.57) by the incubation condition. In the second assay, the sugarcane digestibility was depressed (p < 0.05) when the forage was incubated along with maize grain. For both assays, the pattern of repeatability for digestibility estimates presented an influence of the incubation condition. We concluded that the incubation of different feeds together in the same jar using artificial fermenters causes associative effects among them. These effects can influence the estimates of in vitro dry matter and fibre digestibility and alter their repeatability.","PeriodicalId":13299,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Small Ruminants","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81613513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effects of Cashew Nut Shell Extract on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrient Digestibility under Continuous Culture 腰果壳提取物对连续培养下瘤胃发酵及营养物质消化率的影响

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3010008

Chandler Compton, O. M. Peña, C. Hikita, Tomonori Watanabe, T. Jenkins, G. Lascano, M. Aguerre

{"title":"Effects of Cashew Nut Shell Extract on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrient Digestibility under Continuous Culture","authors":"Chandler Compton, O. M. Peña, C. Hikita, Tomonori Watanabe, T. Jenkins, G. Lascano, M. Aguerre","doi":"10.3390/ruminants3010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants3010008","url":null,"abstract":"The overall objective of this study was to determine the dose response to four levels of cashew nut shell extract in a granulated form (CNSE, containing 59% anacardic acid and 18% cardol) on culture pH, rumen fermentation metabolites, and apparent nutrient digestibility in continuous culture fermenters. The study was conducted as a generalized randomized complete block design with four treatments and four replications per treatment. The four treatments were randomly assigned to eight fermenters for two incubation runs of 10 d. Treatments consisted of (1) Control (CO, no CNSE), (2) Control plus 100 ppm of CNSE, (3) Control plus 200 ppm of CNSE, and (4) Control plus 300 ppm of CNSE. Fermenters were fed 52 g/d (DM basis) of a total mixed ration (TMR; 17.0% crude protein (CP), 29.7% NDF, and 29.9% starch), divided between two feedings at 0800 and 2000 h. The apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were not affected by CNSE supplementation. Similarly, CNSE had no effect on culture pH, total volatile fatty acids (VFA) or individual VFA molar proportions. These results suggest that at the dosages evaluated in this study, CNSE has no impact on the rumen fermentation profile and the apparent nutrient digestibility under continuous culture conditions.","PeriodicalId":13299,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Small Ruminants","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83667341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Lipidome of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Lactating Holstein Cows 泌乳荷斯坦奶牛胃肠道脂质组的研究

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-03-20 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3010007

Q. Jiang, J. Loor

{"title":"The Lipidome of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Lactating Holstein Cows","authors":"Q. Jiang, J. Loor","doi":"10.3390/ruminants3010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants3010007","url":null,"abstract":"The lipidome is a key determinant of structural and functional characteristics of tissues, contributing to optimal gut function and efficiency of nutrient use in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Our objective was to study lipidomic profiles in different sections of the GIT in lactating dairy cows and to link them with biological functions. We studied the lipid species in ruminal papillae and epithelium from duodenum, jejunum, and ileum harvested after slaughter from five lactating Holstein cows. Extracted lipids were identified by LC/MS/MS and analyzed via Lipidsearch, Metaboanalyst 5.0, and lipid ontology (LION). Of 1259 lipid species identified across the GIT, 387, 565, 193, and 86 were neutral lipids, phospholipids, sphingolipids, and derivatized lipids, respectively. Among the 1223 lipid species common to the GIT, a PLS-DA analysis revealed similar profiles for jejunum and ileum and discriminated them from rumen and duodenum. The content of 12 out of 28 lipid classes differed (p < 0.05) among GIT sections. The average fatty acid chain length in lipid species spanned from 9 to 37 carbons, and the average degree of unsaturation ranged from 0 to 6. The term ‘membrane component’ from LION analysis differed markedly between the rumen and the small intestine. Future studies will help better understand what factors (function or cellular component) in a given section of the GIT are related to the different lipid species. This is the first description of the lipidome profiles across sections of the GIT in lactating dairy cows. The unique lipidome profiles uncovered distinct structural and functional properties across the bovine GIT, which may impact the efficiency of nutrient use.","PeriodicalId":13299,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Small Ruminants","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89399930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phosphorus for Cattle and Buffaloes in Brazil: Clinical Signs and Diagnosis of Its Deficiency and Relevance, and Recommended Strategies to Alleviate Issues Observed under Grazing Conditions 巴西牛和水牛的磷:临床症状和诊断及其相关性，以及缓解放牧条件下观察到的问题的建议策略

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3010006

P. Malafaia, J. D. Barbosa, M. F. Brito, V. C. Souza, D. F. Costa

引用次数: 1

Breath Analysis for Early Detection of Rising Ketone Bodies in Postpartum Dairy Cows Classified as at Risk of Ketosis 呼气分析对产后酮症危险奶牛酮体上升的早期检测

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants Pub Date : 2023-02-06 DOI: 10.3390/ruminants3010005

E. van Erp-van der Kooij, Janiek Derix, Stijn van Gorp, Amy Timmermans, Charles Krijnen, I. Fodor, Liesbeth Dingboom

{"title":"Breath Analysis for Early Detection of Rising Ketone Bodies in Postpartum Dairy Cows Classified as at Risk of Ketosis","authors":"E. van Erp-van der Kooij, Janiek Derix, Stijn van Gorp, Amy Timmermans, Charles Krijnen, I. Fodor, Liesbeth Dingboom","doi":"10.3390/ruminants3010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants3010005","url":null,"abstract":"Ketosis is a metabolic disorder associated with high production and low energy intake in dairy cows. Fat reserves are mobilized, and gluconeogenesis occurs. Traditionally, rapid tests for blood, milk or urine are used to detect increased ketone body levels in case of ketosis. Breath analysis is relatively new and relevant for the development of automatic sensor systems for early warning. This study aims to determine whether and when a postpartum rise in ketone bodies occurs in breath with elevated blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in cows at risk of ketosis. Postpartum breath, blood, urine and milk samples were taken daily until day 7, with one prepartum sample excluding milk, and ketone body concentrations were determined. Concentrations of blood BHB were 0.4–2.6 mmol/L (lab) and 0.3–3.1 mmol/L (rapid test), breath acetone was 2.3–20.0 ppm, urine acetoacetate 0–8 mmol/L and milk BHB 0–500 µmol/L. A rise in blood BHB was related to that in urine acetoacetate and milk BHB and followed by a rise in breath acetone. However, breath acetone levels of ketotic and non-ketotic cows were similar. We conclude that rising ketone bodies can be detected in blood, urine, milk and breath, but to use breath analysis as an alternative to rapid tests, longitudinal sampling is needed.","PeriodicalId":13299,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Small Ruminants","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87874089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0