{"title":"CircRNA_001373 promotes liver fibrosis by regulating autophagy activation in hepatic stellate cells via the miR-142a-5p/Becn1 axis","authors":"Ying Cao, Huan Yang, Bingying Wang","doi":"10.1177/09603271241265105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271241265105","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory role and underlying mechanisms of circRNA_001373 in the hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of circRNA_001373, miR-142a-5p and Becn1. The viability of JS-1 cells was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8. The targeting relationship between miR-142a-5p and CircRNA_001373, as well as between miR-142a-5p and Becn1 was predicted using CircInteractome and TargetScan databases, respectively, and validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Western blot was utilized to determine the expression levels of proteins related to autophagy and the activation if HSCs in JS-1 cells. After activation by platelet-derived growth factor-BB, an increase was observed in the expression of collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin proteins. The expression of CircRNA_001373 was up-regulated in the activated HSCs. Knockdown of CircRNA_001373 significantly inhibited cell viability and activation of JS-1 cells, as well as autophagy in the activated HSCs. CircRNA_001373 could sponge miR-142a-5p in the activated HSCs, which in turn elevated the Becn1 expression. Concurrent knockdown of both CircRNA_001373 and miR-142a-5p reversed the inhibitory effects of the knockdown of CircRNA_001373 alone on cell viability and autophagy in activated JS-1 cells. CircRNA_ 001373 promotes cell viability and autophagy as well as the activation of JS-1 cells by regulating the miR-142a-5p/Becn1 axis.","PeriodicalId":13181,"journal":{"name":"Human & Experimental Toxicology","volume":"17 1","pages":"9603271241265105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Hu, Ping Cao, Jing-hui Wang, Wei Feng, Yang Zhang, Hui Yang
{"title":"Sulforaphane triggers Sirtuin 3-mediated ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells via activating the adenosine 5‘-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase/ mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway","authors":"Bo Hu, Ping Cao, Jing-hui Wang, Wei Feng, Yang Zhang, Hui Yang","doi":"10.1177/09603271241266106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271241266106","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the expression and biological functions of SIRT3 in colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116), the impacts of sulforaphane on the ferroptosis of HCT-116 cells and the involvement of the SIRT3/AMPK/mTOR axis in those effects.MethodsSIRT3-overexpressing (OE) and SIRT3-knockout (KO) cell lines were treated with different concentrations of sulforaphane, RSL-3, and IKE. Cell viability, intracellular ROS, MDA, iron levels, as well as mRNA and protein expressions of target genes were measured.ResultsSIRT3 expression in HCT-116 cells was increased by ferroptosis inducers and decreased by ferroptosis inhibitors. SIRT3 overexpression reduced cell viability and increased intracellular levels of ROS, MDA, and iron, whereas SIRT3 knockdown achieved the opposite effects. SIRT3 overexpression suppressed SLC7A11 expression and promoted the activation of AMPK/mTOR pathway. Restoration of SLC7A11 expression blocked the effects of SIRT3 on ferroptosis induction and cell viability inhibition. SIRT3 effects on cell viability and ferroptosis were antagonized by inhibitors of AMPK or mTOR. Moreover, sulforaphane triggered the ferroptosis of HCT-116 cells by activating the SIRT3/AMPK/mTOR axis.ConclusionsSIRT3 triggered SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis in HCT-116 cells, reducing cell viability by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway, and sulforaphane targets it to inhibit colorectal cancer.","PeriodicalId":13181,"journal":{"name":"Human & Experimental Toxicology","volume":"1 1","pages":"9603271241266106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James L Klotz, Jessica L Britt, Maslyn A Greene, Coral Kent-Dennis, Susan K Duckett
{"title":"Ergot alkaloid consumption alters serotonin receptor-induced vasoactivity in ovine umbilical vasculature","authors":"James L Klotz, Jessica L Britt, Maslyn A Greene, Coral Kent-Dennis, Susan K Duckett","doi":"10.1177/09603271241269027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271241269027","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of ergot alkaloids during the second half of gestation has been shown to decrease umbilical artery vasoactivity resulting in decreased birth weights. Negative vascular effects of ergot alkaloids are mediated predominantly through serotonergic and adrenergic receptors in other tissues. Vasoactivity of serotonin (5-HT) receptors 5-HT<jats:sub>2A</jats:sub> and 5-HT<jats:sub>1B/1D</jats:sub> in umbilical artery and vein from ewes receiving endophyte-infected seed (E + 1.77 mg ergovaline/hd/d) or a control total mixed ration (CON; 0 mg ergovaline/hd/d) tall fescue seed at d-110 and d-133 of gestation was evaluated. Gravid reproduction tracts were collected from ewes. Two-mm sections of umbilical artery and vein were exposed to increasing concentrations of a 5-HT<jats:sub>1B/1D</jats:sub> agonist and 5-HT<jats:sub>2A</jats:sub> agonist. The 5-HT<jats:sub>1B/1D</jats:sub> agonist did not stimulate a contractile response in artery or vein or either gestation time point. 5-HT<jats:sub>2A</jats:sub> agonist caused large responses in artery with greatest occurring at d-110 and decreasing in magnitude as days of gestation increased ( p < 0.05). On d-110 and 133 of gestation, arteries from CON ewes had greater contractile response than arteries collected from E+ ewes ( p < 0.05). Veins responded to increasing concentrations of the 5-HT<jats:sub>2A</jats:sub> agonist. Maximal d-110 vein response was greater than d-133 when exposed to 5-HT<jats:sub>2A</jats:sub> agonist ( p < 0.05). Unlike the artery, veins from E+ ewes had greater d-133 contractile response than CON ( p < 0.05). Vascular contractions of umbilical artery and vein are induced by 5-HT<jats:sub>2A</jats:sub> receptor activity and not 5-HT<jats:sub>1B/1D</jats:sub>. Umbilical artery 5-HT<jats:sub>2A</jats:sub> receptor activity was more sensitive to seed treatment and could be responsible for ergot alkaloid-induced intra-uterine growth restriction.","PeriodicalId":13181,"journal":{"name":"Human & Experimental Toxicology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaza E. Khalaf, Shima N. Abdelfattah, Amal K. Khaliefa, Sahar A. Daoud, Enas Yahia, Nabil A. Hasona
{"title":"Expression of PVT-1 and miR-29a/29b as reliable biomarkers for liver cirrhosis and their correlation with the inflammatory biomarkers profile.","authors":"Shaza E. Khalaf, Shima N. Abdelfattah, Amal K. Khaliefa, Sahar A. Daoud, Enas Yahia, Nabil A. Hasona","doi":"10.1177/09603271241251451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271241251451","url":null,"abstract":"Background & AimsThe liver is a vital organ responsible for numerous metabolic processes, which can be significantly impacted by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). These ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules have been shown to play a crucial role in regulating gene expression, and their dysregulation has been implicated in numerous liver disorders. Our study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of plasmacytoma variant translocation-1 (PVT-1), microRNA-29a/29b (miR-29a/miR-29b), and inflammatory biomarkers [ interleukine-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1)] as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for liver cirrhosis. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which lncRNAs and miRNAs influence liver metabolism is of paramount importance in developing effective treatments for liver-related diseases.MethodsSerum samples were collected from 164 participants, comprising 114 cirrhotic patients with varying grades (35 grade I, 35 grade II, and 44 grade III) and 50 healthy controls. PVT-1 and miR-29a/miR-29b expression was analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), while the serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsThe study participants exhibited notable differences in PVT-1 and miR-29a/miR-29b expression. ROC analysis revealed excellent discriminative power for PVT-1 and miR-29a/miR-29b in distinguishing cirrhotic patients from healthy controls.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the promising potential of PVT-1 and miR-29a/miR-29b as early diagnostic biomarkers for liver cirrhosis detection, requiring further validation in larger cohorts. Our findings also reinforce the diagnostic value of circulating inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IGF-1) levels for liver cirrhosis screening.","PeriodicalId":13181,"journal":{"name":"Human & Experimental Toxicology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140831933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yile Kou, Lu Zhang, Zhaoling Shi, Guocheng Zhang, Jing Chang, Qian Bai, Na Gao, Hui Ding
{"title":"Baicalein exerts beneficial effects in lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammation by modulating macrophage polarization and inhibiting pyroptosis","authors":"Yile Kou, Lu Zhang, Zhaoling Shi, Guocheng Zhang, Jing Chang, Qian Bai, Na Gao, Hui Ding","doi":"10.1177/09603271241249990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271241249990","url":null,"abstract":"The disruption of the immune system by viral attack is a major influencing factor in the lethality of COVID-19. Baicalein is one of the key effective compounds against COVID-19. The molecular mechanisms regarding the anti-inflammatory properties of Baicalein are still unclear. In this study, we established LPS-induced mice to elucidate the role of Baicalein in the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) and its potential molecular mechanisms. In vivo experiments showed that Baicalein could significantly ameliorate LPS-induced acute lung injury and reduce proteinous edema in lung tissue. In addition, Baicalein inhibited M1 macrophage polarization, promote M2 macrophage polarization, and regulate inflammatory responses. Furthermore, Baicalein could inhibit the expression of protein molecules associated with pyroptosis and mitigate the lung tissue injury. In summary, we revealed the therapeutic effects of Baicalein in acute lung injury, providing the theoretical basis for its clinical application.","PeriodicalId":13181,"journal":{"name":"Human & Experimental Toxicology","volume":"245 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140797841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reassessing clinical presentations of emamectin benzoate poisoning: A comprehensive study","authors":"Chi-Syuan Pan, Chi-Chan Lee, Jiun-Hao Yu, Han-Wei Mu, Dong-Zong Hung, Chun-Hung Chen","doi":"10.1177/09603271241249965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271241249965","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe mechanism of emamectin benzoate (EMB—a macrocyclic lactone insecticide like abamectin) action involves the disruption of glutamate-gated chloride channels and GABA receptors in insects, leading to paralysis and death. EMB overdose can breach the blood–brain barrier, resulting in severe poisoning and altered consciousness.AimReview EMB poisoning presentations in patients and reevaluate clinical manifestations.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed (August 31, 2008–August 31, 2023) medical university hospital records. We analyzed symptoms, patient characteristics, vital signs, Glasgow Coma Scale scores, laboratory findings, and outcomes.ResultsTen patients (males: 6, females: 4, median age = 64.5 years) experienced EMB poisoning. Common symptoms included sore throat, gastrointestinal distress, dyspnea, and altered consciousness; two patients showed laryngeal corrosive injuries. Management involved activated charcoal administration, gastric lavage, and intensive care unit admission.DiscussionSore throat and corrosive injuries were distinctive presentations of EMB poisoning, warranting vigilance. Potential mechanisms of corrosive injury include skin and eye irritation effects of EMB, the solvents of which might exert corrosive action.ConclusionEMB poisoning manifests as diverse symptoms, including sore throat, gastrointestinal symptoms, central nervous system depression, and potential aspiration pneumonia. Recognizing and promptly managing EMB poisoning are crucial for enhancing patient outcomes and minimizing complications.","PeriodicalId":13181,"journal":{"name":"Human & Experimental Toxicology","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140797800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guy Lalonde, Nikos Tsolakos, Tessa R Moir-Savitz, Alex M Easley, Charles L Gaworski, Michael J Oldham
{"title":"Subchronic inhalation of a novel electronic nicotine delivery system formulation and its corresponding base formulation","authors":"Guy Lalonde, Nikos Tsolakos, Tessa R Moir-Savitz, Alex M Easley, Charles L Gaworski, Michael J Oldham","doi":"10.1177/09603271241248631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271241248631","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundFresh Menthol 3% Nicotine (FM3) is a novel JUUL e-liquid formulation. Its potential toxicity and that of the corresponding base formulation relative to a filtered air (FA) control was studied in a subchronic inhalation study conducted in general accordance with OECD 413.MethodsAerosols generated with an intense puffing regime were administered to rats in a nose-only fashion at 1400 µg aerosol collected mass/L on a 6 hour/day basis for 90 days with a 42-day recovery. Exposure atmospheres met target criteria. Systemic exposure was confirmed by plasma measurement of nicotine.ResultsNo test article-related mortality, clinical signs (other than reversible lower body weight gains in males), clinical pathology or gross findings were noted during this study. No microscopic lesions related to base formulation exposure were identified. Minimal microscopic lesions were observed in the FM3 6-hour exposure group. Microscopic lesions observed in the FM3 6-hour exposure group comprised only minimal laryngeal squamous metaplasia in one male and one female animal. No microscopic lesions related to FM3 exposure remained after the recovery period.ConclusionExposure atmosphere characterization indicated that conditions were achieved to permit thorough assessment of test articles and results indicate a low order of toxicity for the FM3 Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) formulation and its base formulation.","PeriodicalId":13181,"journal":{"name":"Human & Experimental Toxicology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140797885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liyun Gao, Jingwen Tan, Chunhua Han, Junfei Fan, Jiayin He, Ting Luo, Shiqun Yu, Xiangxin Che, Lin Zhang, Xin Wang
{"title":"Identification and characterization of differentially expressed circRNA in 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced cleft palate.","authors":"Liyun Gao, Jingwen Tan, Chunhua Han, Junfei Fan, Jiayin He, Ting Luo, Shiqun Yu, Xiangxin Che, Lin Zhang, Xin Wang","doi":"10.1177/09603271231183359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271231183359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel class of non-coding RNAs, which are pervasively transcribed in the genome. CircRNAs play important roles in human, animals and plants. Up to now, there was no report regarding circRNAs of cleft palate by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin (TCDD) induce. The present study screened identification and characterization of differential expressed-circRNAs in TCDD-induced cleft palate. 6903 circRNAs candidates came from cleft palates. Among them, 3525 circRNAs are up-regulation, and 3378 circRNAs are down-regulation by TCDD induce. The cluster and GO analysis found that circRNAs involved in biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. Through the analysis of KEGG Pathway, circRNAs made functions via classical signaling pathway in cleft palate, such as TGF-beta signaling pathway, BMP signal pathway, MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, we found down-regulated circRNA224, circRNA3302 and up-regulated circRNA5021 targeted tgfbr3, but up-regulated circRNA4451 targeted tgfbr2. circRNA4451 may make functions through TGF-beta signaling pathway. These results suggested that many different circRNAs may make important role in TCDD-induced cleft palate, which provided a theoretical basis for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13181,"journal":{"name":"Human & Experimental Toxicology","volume":"42 ","pages":"9603271231183359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9622710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-oxidative properties of nanocrocin in Zearalenone induced toxicity on Hek293 cell; The novel formulation and cellular assessment.","authors":"Fatemeh Ghafari, Zohre Sadeghian, Akram Oftadeh Harsin, Sodabe Khodabandelo, Akram Ranjbar","doi":"10.1177/09603271231169911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271231169911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi and induces cytotoxicity by the generation of reactive oxygen species. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the nephroprotective effects of crocin and nano-crocin against ZEA-induced toxicity in HEK293 cell line via modulation of oxidative stress and special formulation to make nano-crocin.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Nano-crocin physicochemical properties, such as size, load, appearance, and drug release profile were determined. Also, the viability of intoxicated HEK293 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Furthermore, lactate dehydrogenase lipid Peroxidation (LPO), and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The best nano-crocin formulation with superior entrapment effectiveness (54.66 ± 6.02), more significant drug loading (1.89 ± 0.01), better zeta potential (-23.4 ± 2.844), and smaller particle size (140.3 ± 18.0 nm) was chosen. This study showed that treatment with crocin and nano-crocin in ZEA-induced cells, significantly decreased LDH and LPO levels and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels compared to the control group. Moreover, nano-crocin had a more curative effect against oxidative stress than crocin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Niosomal structure of crocin, when administered with the special formulation, may be more beneficial in reducing ZEA-induced in vitro toxicity than conventional crocin.</p>","PeriodicalId":13181,"journal":{"name":"Human & Experimental Toxicology","volume":"42 ","pages":"9603271231169911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9319789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}