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Imaging exoplanets with nulling interferometry using integrated-photonics: the GLINT project 利用集成光子学对系外行星进行零干涉成像:GLINT项目
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2539790
M. Martinod, B. Norris, S. Gross, A. Arriola, T. Gretzinger, M. Withford, T. Lagadec, P. Tuthill
{"title":"Imaging exoplanets with nulling interferometry using integrated-photonics: the GLINT project","authors":"M. Martinod, B. Norris, S. Gross, A. Arriola, T. Gretzinger, M. Withford, T. Lagadec, P. Tuthill","doi":"10.1117/12.2539790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2539790","url":null,"abstract":"As confirmed exoplanets climb into the thousands, the era of exoplanets discovery is giving way to exoplanet characterization. The most desirable scenario is one where the exoplanet can be directly imaged. Direct imaging not only delivers orbital parameters, but also yields the chemical composition of the atmosphere. The potential for habitable zone exoplanets to exhibit biosignatures in such data from a visionary future instrument drives intense interest. However, this requires to simultaneously reach extremely high star-to-planet contrast (from 104 to 108) and extremely high angular resolution (around and below the diffraction limit). Accomplishing all this through the atmosphere blurred by turbulence remains a critical challenge, yet it is one that nulling interferometry in combination with extreme adaptive optics aims to meet. This technique overcomes the contrast problem by removing the starlight with destructive interference, permitting the faint light coming from the planet to remain. In this paper, we present the latest evolution of nulling interferometry instrumentation: the integrated- photonic nuller. It allows spatial filtering, multiple simultaneous baselines, simultaneous photometric channels and simultaneous measurement of the \"nulled\" signal (the light emitted from the planet after cancelling the starlight) as well as the \"anti-nulled\" signal (the channel containing the redirected starlight). Exploiting these fundamental optical principles, the delivery of imaging and differential spectroscopy of exoplanetary systems becomes possible. This paper describes a pathfinder that has implemented these ideas into a robust and compact photonic-chip platform known as the GLINT (Guided-Light Interferometric Nulling Technology) project.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131118733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Integrated echélle gratings for astrophotonics 用于天文光子学的集成电子光栅
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2541554
A. Stoll, Yu Wang, K. Madhav, M. Roth
{"title":"Integrated echélle gratings for astrophotonics","authors":"A. Stoll, Yu Wang, K. Madhav, M. Roth","doi":"10.1117/12.2541554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2541554","url":null,"abstract":"In pursuit of miniaturization of spectrograph systems, various wavelength-dispersive technologies such as arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) [1] and stationary-wave integrated Fourier transform spectrographs (SWIFTS) [2] have been studied as possible candidates for practical implementations of compact, lightweight integrated spectrographs. Integrated echélle-grating (EG) based wavelength demultiplexers have been proposed as an alternative to AWGs for use as the main diffractive element in such a compact spectrograph [3]. Apart from the simple Rowland mount type, more sophisticated geometries, such as the perfect chirped grating (PCG) [4] and two-stigmatic-point gratings (SEG) [5] exist. In this work, we present the first planar integrated echélle grating based on SEG geometry and specifically designed for astronomical spectroscopy in the NIR range ~1500 nm to 1600 nm.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"24 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132395034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Novel metrology for tilting spine multi-fiber positioners 倾斜脊柱多纤维定位器的新型计量方法
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2540990
P. Gillingham
{"title":"Novel metrology for tilting spine multi-fiber positioners","authors":"P. Gillingham","doi":"10.1117/12.2540990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2540990","url":null,"abstract":"A few telescope projects plan to feed spectrographs through thousands of fibres, needing metrology accuracy for feedback of just a few μm. This generally requires accuracy at the metrology camera better than 0.1 arcsec, which can be frustrated by local seeing. With fiducials situated with the array of science fibres, seeing displacements can be calibrated, with accuracy depending on the fiducial spacing. Fiducials within the field usually require sacrificing science fibres but AAO’s positioner for MSE will take advantage of its tilting spines and a special but simple metrology camera to provide a multitude of fiducials within the field with no such sacrifice.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130089748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Active alignment metrology for multi-channel photometric survey telescope 多通道测光望远镜主动对准测量
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2541215
Zhengyang Li, Xiang-yan Yuan, Kaiyuan Zhang, Bo Li
{"title":"Active alignment metrology for multi-channel photometric survey telescope","authors":"Zhengyang Li, Xiang-yan Yuan, Kaiyuan Zhang, Bo Li","doi":"10.1117/12.2541215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2541215","url":null,"abstract":"The Multi-channel Photometric Survey Telescope (Mephisto) have a 1.6m primary mirror with 1.3 focal ratio, a 2degree field of view. Mephisto is capable of imaging the northern sky in three colors simultaneously. Its 0.7m secondary mirror is quite sensitive for alignment. The field dependent image quality of the misaligned Mephisto optics would be characterized as asymmetric, continuously varying and nonlinear with the misalignments. When the real-time field-PSF is measured from the astronomical images, the residual field-PSF of nominal optical design is defined as the goal of the merit function, the misaligned values of Mephisto secondary mirror can be calculated, by using the PSO (Particle swarm optimization) algorithm. The truth is field-PSF can be numerically expressed with ellipticity of the imaging stars or distribution of the ellipticity. However, for resolving the misalignment values, the stable field-PSF modes are needed, instead of random modes. PCA (Principal component analysis) algorithm is used for eliminating the random perturbations, such as turbulence.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123961469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Laguerre-Gaussian mode sorters of high spatial mode count 高空间模式计数的拉盖尔-高斯模式分类器
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2560595
N. Fontaine, R. Ryf, Haoshuo Chen, D. Neilson, K. Kim, J. Carpenter
{"title":"Laguerre-Gaussian mode sorters of high spatial mode count","authors":"N. Fontaine, R. Ryf, Haoshuo Chen, D. Neilson, K. Kim, J. Carpenter","doi":"10.1117/12.2560595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2560595","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the extension of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) mode sorters to higher spatial mode counts. LG mode sorters based on multi-plane light conversion were recently demonstrated. The device consist of a cascade of phase planes separated by free-space propagation which performs a spatial decomposition in the Laguerre-Gaussian basis. Whereby an incoming beam, described by a basis of N LG modes is mapped onto a Cartesian array of N Gaussian spots in the output plane. Each spot in the array contains a particular LG spatial component of the original beam. Previously, LG mode sorters have been demonstrated supporting as many as 325 modes using 7 planes. In this paper we present a design for a device that supports 1035 modes corresponding with the first 45 degenerate mode groups using 14 planes. At the centre wavelength, the device has a theoretical insertion loss of 2.10dB. The lowest loss LG mode is -1.65dB and the highest loss LG mode is -3.22dB. The average crosstalk over all modes is 12.75dB. The worst-case mode has a crosstalk of 9.20dB.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124186830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Fiber positioner system selection for the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE) Maunakea光谱探测器(MSE)的光纤定位系统选择
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2541055
N. Flagey, K. Szeto
{"title":"Fiber positioner system selection for the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE)","authors":"N. Flagey, K. Szeto","doi":"10.1117/12.2541055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2541055","url":null,"abstract":"The Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE) is a project to upgrade the 3.6-meter telescope and instrumentation of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) into a 11.25-meter telescope equipped with fiber-fed spectrographs dedicated to optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic surveys of millions of faint stars and galaxies. The current baseline for MSE is that of a prime focus, 10-meter effective aperture telescope feeding a bank of low and moderate spectral resolution spectrographs (LR, R~3000 and MR, R~6000) located on plat- forms, as well as high spectral resolution spectrographs (HR, R~20000-40000) located in the more stable pier of the telescope. The 1.5 square degree field of view of MSE will be populated with more than 3200 fibers of 100 diameter allocated to the LMR spectrographs, and more than 1000 fibers of 0.800 for the HR spectrographs. MSE completed its Conceptual Design Phase early in 2018 and is about to enter its Preliminary Design Phase.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130326260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A flexible cost-effective detector controller for space 一种灵活的具有成本效益的空间探测器控制器
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2539358
Shanae King, J. Gilbert, D. Chandler, M. Ellis, A. Vaccarella
{"title":"A flexible cost-effective detector controller for space","authors":"Shanae King, J. Gilbert, D. Chandler, M. Ellis, A. Vaccarella","doi":"10.1117/12.2539358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2539358","url":null,"abstract":"Ground-based infrared observations are often limited by atmospheric absorption and emission. Space-based instruments avoid this, but introduce unique technical challenges. We present the design of a flexible, compact, and cost-effective detector controller for space, based on commercial off-the-shelf components. Its architecture provides up to 50 configurable clock sequences and 16 biases, 32 16-bit video channels and several genera lpurpose ports. This allows for full control of CMOS detectors including Leonardo ‘SAPHIRA’ avalanche photodiode arrays (APD) which represent current state of the art in low-noise infrared imaging.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128988382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optical frequency comb generated in micro-ring resonators by modulated pump-light 调制泵浦光在微环谐振器中产生的光频梳
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2541598
D. Bodenmüller, J. M. Chavez Boggio, M. Roth
{"title":"Optical frequency comb generated in micro-ring resonators by modulated pump-light","authors":"D. Bodenmüller, J. M. Chavez Boggio, M. Roth","doi":"10.1117/12.2541598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2541598","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency combs in a Silicon-Nitride-Microring resonator with an ultra-stable repetition frequency of 28.55 GHz were generated by means of an amplitude modulated pump laser at 1568.8 nm and compared to numerical calculation based on a modified Lugiato-Lefever-Equation. The comb spectrum at a power level of -40 dB with respect to the pump line spans a wavelength range of 70 nm.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115630949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Photonic ring resonator notch filters for astronomical OH line suppression 用于天文OH线抑制的光子环谐振器陷波滤波器
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2539772
P. Liu, S. Kuhlmann, S. Ellis, K. Kuehn, H. Spinka, D. Underwood, L. Ocola, R. Gupta, N. Stern
{"title":"Photonic ring resonator notch filters for astronomical OH line suppression","authors":"P. Liu, S. Kuhlmann, S. Ellis, K. Kuehn, H. Spinka, D. Underwood, L. Ocola, R. Gupta, N. Stern","doi":"10.1117/12.2539772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2539772","url":null,"abstract":"Photonic ring resonator arrays used as notch filters are a promising novel solution to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of ground-based astronomical observations by suppressing OH emission lines in the near-infrared (NIR) wavelength range (0.9-2.5 μm). We aim to fabricate a series of ring resonators connected by a waveguide, each with its resonance wavelength and full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) matched with one of the OH emission lines.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127848809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Giant Magellan Telescope Multi-object Astronomical and Cosmological Spectrograph (GMACS): conceptual design 巨型麦哲伦望远镜多目标天文宇宙摄谱仪(GMACS):概念设计
Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications Pub Date : 2020-01-03 DOI: 10.1117/12.2547889
S. Pak, D. Depoy, J. Marshall, L. Schmidt, C. Papovich, C. Froning, D. Faes, C. Mendes de Oliveira, A. Souza, R. Ribeiro, K. Taylor, Damien J. Jones, T. Prochaska, E. Cook, Hye-In Lee, Tae-Geun Ji, P. Scowen
{"title":"Giant Magellan Telescope Multi-object Astronomical and Cosmological Spectrograph (GMACS): conceptual design","authors":"S. Pak, D. Depoy, J. Marshall, L. Schmidt, C. Papovich, C. Froning, D. Faes, C. Mendes de Oliveira, A. Souza, R. Ribeiro, K. Taylor, Damien J. Jones, T. Prochaska, E. Cook, Hye-In Lee, Tae-Geun Ji, P. Scowen","doi":"10.1117/12.2547889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2547889","url":null,"abstract":"The Giant Magellan Telescope Multi-object Astronomical and Cosmological Spectrograph (GMACS) is a first light instrument for the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT). It will provide multi-object spectroscopy in wide wavelength coverage and wide field of view. The scientific objectives include exoplanet atmospheres, star formation and chemical evolution studies, galaxy assembly histories, and intergalactic medium tomography. The optical layouts are optimized to have high throughput in the natural seeing limit. In this presentation, we report the current status of the instrument development.","PeriodicalId":131350,"journal":{"name":"Micro + Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125977392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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