{"title":"In focus in HCB","authors":"Douglas J. Taatjes, Jürgen Roth","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02287-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02287-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antioxidant supplementation may effect DNA methylation patterns, apoptosis, and ROS levels in developing mouse embryos","authors":"Fatma Uysal, Gozde Sukur, Nazlican Bozdemir, Ozgur Cinar","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02286-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02286-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study was designed to address the question: does antioxidant-containing embryo culture media affect DNA methyltransferases, global DNA methylation, inner cell mass/trophoblast differentiation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and apoptosis? Mouse zygotes were cultured in embryo culture media containing MitoQ, <i>N</i>-acetyl-<span>l</span>-cysteine (NAC), acetyl-<span>l</span>-carnitine (ALC), α-lipoic acid (ALA), or the mixture of NAC + ALC + ALA (AO) until the blastocyst stage, whereas in vivo-developed blastocysts were used as control. Protein expression levels of Dnmt1, 3a, 3b, and 3l enzymes were analyzed by immunofluorescence and western blot, while global DNA methylation, apoptosis, and ROS levels were evaluated by immunofluorescence. NAC, ALC, and MitoQ significantly increased the levels of all Dnmts and global methylation. ALA significantly induced all Dnmts, whereas global methylation did not show any difference. NAC and mixture AO applications significantly induced Nanog levels, ALA and MitoQ increased Cdx2 levels, while the other groups were similar. ALA and MitoQ decreased while ALC increased the levels of intracellular ROS. This study illustrates that antioxidants, operating through distinct pathways, have varying impacts on DNA methylation levels and cell differentiation in mouse embryos. Further investigations are warranted to assess the implications of these alterations on the subsequent offspring.</p>","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140617083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karin Purshouse, Steven M. Pollard, Wendy A. Bickmore
{"title":"Imaging extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) in cancer","authors":"Karin Purshouse, Steven M. Pollard, Wendy A. Bickmore","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02280-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02280-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) are circular regions of DNA that are found in many cancers. They are an important means of oncogene amplification, and correlate with treatment resistance and poor prognosis. Consequently, there is great interest in exploring and targeting ecDNA vulnerabilities as potential new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. However, the biological significance of ecDNA and their associated regulatory control remains unclear. Light microscopy has been a central tool in the identification and characterisation of ecDNA. In this review we describe the different cellular models available to study ecDNA, and the imaging tools used to characterise ecDNA and their regulation. The insights gained from quantitative imaging are discussed in comparison with genome sequencing and computational approaches. We suggest that there is a crucial need for ongoing innovation using imaging if we are to achieve a full understanding of the dynamic regulation and organisation of ecDNA and their role in tumourigenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"246 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140563986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Circ_100549 promotes tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma through upregulation of BIRC6","authors":"Feifei Chen, Juan Chen, Yuan Yuan, Surong Fang, Jing Xie, Xiaojuan Xu, Zhenhua Yang, Jianzhong Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02275-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02275-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a subtype of lung cancer with high incidence and mortality globally. Emerging evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert critical functions in human cancers, including LUAD. <i>CircRNA_100549</i> (<i>circ_100549</i>) has been reported to be significantly upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples, while its role in modulating LUAD progression remains to be explored. The current study aims at investigating the functional roles of <i>circ_100549</i> in LUAD and its downstream molecular mechanism. First, we found that the expression of <i>circ_100549</i> was higher in LUAD cell lines. Loss-of-function assays verified that depletion of <i>circ_100549</i> repressed LUAD cell proliferation but accelerated cell apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated that silencing of <i>circ_100549</i> suppressed tumor growth. Subsequently, based on database analysis, we carried out a series of experiments to explore the mechanisms and effects of <i>circ_100549</i> underlying LUAD progression, including RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA/DNA pull-down, luciferase reporter, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. The results indicated that <i>circ_100549</i> serves as a ceRNA by sponging <i>miR-95-5p</i> to upregulate <i>BPTF</i> expression, thus upregulating <i>BIRC6</i> expression at a transcriptional level in LUAD. In summary, our study demonstrated that <i>circ_100549</i> facilitates LUAD progression by upregulating <i>BIRC6</i> expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diego M. Presman, Belén Benítez, Agustina L. Lafuente, Alejo Vázquez Lareu
{"title":"Chromatin structure and dynamics: one nucleosome at a time","authors":"Diego M. Presman, Belén Benítez, Agustina L. Lafuente, Alejo Vázquez Lareu","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02281-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02281-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eukaryotic genomes store information on many levels, including their linear DNA sequence, the posttranslational modifications of its constituents (epigenetic modifications), and its three-dimensional folding. Understanding how this information is stored and read requires multidisciplinary collaborations from many branches of science beyond biology, including physics, chemistry, and computer science. Concurrent recent developments in all these areas have enabled researchers to image the genome with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. In this review, we focus on what single-molecule imaging and tracking of individual proteins in live cells have taught us about chromatin structure and dynamics. Starting with the basics of single-molecule tracking (SMT), we describe some advantages over in situ imaging techniques and its current limitations. Next, we focus on single-nucleosome studies and what they have added to our current understanding of the relationship between chromatin dynamics and transcription. In celebration of Robert Feulgen’s ground-breaking discovery that allowed us to start seeing the genome, we discuss current models of chromatin structure and future challenges ahead.</p>","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marco Biggiogera, Margherita Cavallo, Claudio Casali
{"title":"A brief history of the Feulgen reaction","authors":"Marco Biggiogera, Margherita Cavallo, Claudio Casali","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02279-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02279-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One hundred years ago, Robert Feulgen published a landmark paper in which he described the first method to stain DNA in cells and tissues. Although a century has passed since the discovery by Feulgen and Rossenbeck, the chemical reaction still exerts an important influence in current histochemical studies. Its contribution in diverse fields, spanning from biomedicine to plant biology, has paved the way for the most significant studies that constitute our current knowledge. The possibility to specifically explore the DNA in cell nuclei while quantifying its content makes it a contemporary and timeless method. Indeed, many histocytochemical studies following the 1924 paper have led to a deep understanding of genome organization in general as well as several specific mechanisms (e.g. DNA duplication or tumour pathology) that, nowadays, constitute some of the most fundamental pillars in biological investigations. In this review, we discuss the chemistry and application of the Feulgen reaction to both light and electron microscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"245 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inhibition of Notch3/Hey1 ameliorates peribiliary hypoxia by preventing hypertrophic hepatic arteriopathy in biliary atresia progression","authors":"Xiaopan Chang, Shuiqing Chi, Xi Zhang, Xiangyang Li, Cheng Yu, Ying Zhou, Shaotao Tang","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02278-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02278-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emerging evidence indicates the presence of vascular abnormalities and ischemia in biliary atresia (BA), although specific mechanisms remain undefined. This study examined both human and experimental BA. Structural and hemodynamic features of hepatic arteries were investigated by Doppler ultrasound, indocyanine green angiography, microscopic histology, and invasive arterial pressure measurement. Opal multiplex immunohistochemistry, western blot, and RT-PCR were applied to assess Notch3 expression and the phenotype of hepatic arterial smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). We established animal models of Notch3 inhibition, overexpression, and knockout to evaluate the differences in overall survival, hepatic artery morphology, peribiliary hypoxia, and HASMC phenotype. Hypertrophic hepatic arteriopathy was evidenced by an increased wall-to-lumen ratio and clinically manifested as hepatic arterial hypertension, decreased hepatic artery perfusion, and formation of hepatic subcapsular vascular plexuses (HSVPs). We observed a correlation between overactivation of Notch3 and phenotypic disruption of HASMCs with the exacerbation of peribiliary hypoxia. Notch3 signaling mediated the phenotype alteration of HASMCs, resulting in arterial wall thickening and impaired oxygen supply in the portal microenvironment. Inhibition of Notch3/Hey1 ameliorates portal hypoxia by restoring the balance of contractile/synthetic HASMCs, thereby preventing hypertrophic arteriopathy in BA.</p>","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guzel Sibgatullina, Iliza Ramazanova, Vadim Salnikov, Alexey Stepanov, Alexandra Voloshina, Anastasiia Sapunova, Asiya Mustafina, Konstantin Petrov, Dmitry Samigullin
{"title":"Increased endocytosis rate and enhanced lysosomal pathway of silica-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles into M-HeLa cells compared with cultured primary motor neurons","authors":"Guzel Sibgatullina, Iliza Ramazanova, Vadim Salnikov, Alexey Stepanov, Alexandra Voloshina, Anastasiia Sapunova, Asiya Mustafina, Konstantin Petrov, Dmitry Samigullin","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02283-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02283-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The unique properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) enable their use as magnetic biosensors, targeted drug delivery, magnetothermia, magnetic resonance imaging, etc. Today, SPIONs are the only type of metal oxide nanoparticles approved for biomedical application. In this work, we analyzed the cellular response to the previously reported luminescent silica coated SPIONs of the two cell types: M-HeLa cells and primary motor neuron culture. Both internalization pathways and intracellular fate of SPIONs have been compared for these cell lines using fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. We also applied a pharmacological approach to analyze the endocytosis pathways of SPIONs into the investigated cell lines. The penetration of SPIONs into M-HeLa cells is already noticeable within 30 s of incubation through both caveolin-dependent endocytosis and micropinocytosis. However, incubation for a longer time (1 h at least) is required for the internalization of SPIONs into motor neuron culture cells provided by dynamin-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis. The intracellular colocalization assay reveals that the lysosomal internalization pathway of SPIONs is also dependent on the cell type. The lysosomal pathway is much more pronounced for M-HeLa cells compared with motor neurons. The emphasized differences in cellular responses of the two cell lines open up new opportunities in the application of SPIONs in the diagnostics and therapy of cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aris I. Giotakis, József Dudas, Rudolf Glueckert, Elias Buechel, Herbert Riechelmann
{"title":"Identification of neutrophils and eosinophils in upper airway mucosa with immunofluorescence multiplex image cytometry","authors":"Aris I. Giotakis, József Dudas, Rudolf Glueckert, Elias Buechel, Herbert Riechelmann","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02284-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02284-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Characterization of inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis with (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is an ongoing research process. To overcome limitations of current cytologic techniques, we investigated whether immunofluorescence multiplex image cytometry could quantify intact neutrophils, eosinophils, and other immune cells in solid upper airway mucosa. We used a four-channel immunofluorescence-microscopy technique for the simultaneous detection of the leukocyte marker CD45, the neutrophil marker myeloperoxidase, two eosinophil markers, i.e., major basic protein and eosinophil peroxidase, and DAPI (4′,6-diamidin-2-phenylindole), in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded upper airway tissue samples of patients with CRSwNP and CRSsNP, as well as of patients free of CRS with inferior turbinate hypertrophy (controls). Image acquisition and analysis were performed with TissueFAXS and StrataQuest (TissueGnostics, Vienna, Austria), respectively. Positive and negative immunostaining were differentiated with a specific fluorescence signal/background signal ratio. Isotype controls were used as negative controls. In six controls, nine patients with CRSsNP, and 11 patients with CRSwNP, the median area scanned and median cell count per patient were 14.2 mm<sup>2</sup> and 34,356, respectively. In CRSwNP, the number of eosinophils was three times higher (23%) than that of neutrophils (7%). Three times more immune cells were encountered in CRSwNP (33%) compared to CRSsNP (11%). In controls, inflammation was balanced between the epithelial layer and lamina propria, in contrast to CRS (three times more pronounced inflammation in the lamina propria). The quantification of intact neutrophils, eosinophils, and other immune cells in solid tissue with undisrupted architecture seems feasible with immunofluorescence multiplex image cytometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reliable detection of RNA in hippocampus sections of mice by FISH up to a post-mortem delay of 24 h","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00418-024-02277-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-024-02277-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Proteins can be successfully localized in post-mortem (PM) brain tissue sections if the time until PM tissue sampling is not too long. In this study, we show that this also applies to the localization of RNA and in particular to the RNA of microglia-specific receptor proteins using the probes and the RNAscope<sup>™</sup> Multiplex Fluorescent Detection Kit v2 from Advanced Cell Diagnostics. Brains were removed from killed mice after different PM delays and processed into paraffin sections. In sections of brains from animals whose cadavers had been kept at room temperature (21 °C) before tissue removal, ubiquitously expressed RNAs of genes with low to high expression levels (Polr2a, PPIB, and UBC) were reliably detected in the brain sections even if tissue removal was delayed by up to 48 h. In addition, microglia-specific G protein-coupled receptor RNA (Gpr34, P2ry12) could be reliably assigned to microglia by simultaneous labeling of the microglia with microglia-specific antibodies (Iba1 or P2ry12). Only after a delay of 48 h until tissue removal were the receptor RNA signals significantly lower. The reduction in receptor RNA signals could be delayed if the animal cadavers were stored at 4 °C until the brains were removed. Tissue sections of PM brain samples allow the spatial and cellular localization of specific RNA, at least if the sampling takes place within the first 24 h of PM.</p>","PeriodicalId":13107,"journal":{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}