Chenghao Li, P. Zhan, J. Wen, M. Yao, Naihu Li, Weijen Lee
{"title":"Offshore wind farms integration and frequency support control utilizing hybrid multi-terminal HVDC transmission","authors":"Chenghao Li, P. Zhan, J. Wen, M. Yao, Naihu Li, Weijen Lee","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682484","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposed a hybrid multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) system to integrate several distributed offshore wind farms to onshore power grids. And a comprehensive frequency support algorithm for onshore grid was designed. The configuration and operation principles of a typical 4 terminals system are described. A system control strategies are proposed for both wind farm side VSCs (WFVSCs) and grid side LCCs (GSLCCs). To obtain smooth operation, the WFVSCs are controlled as a voltage source that automatically absorbs power generated by the wind farm and establish a stable AC voltage for wind turbines. DC voltage-current droop control is designed for GSLCCs to maintain the DC voltage and distribute power between two onshore girds. A utility black start-up process without auxiliary power supply was designed and tested. The simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC were presented to demonstrate the system performance during black starting-up, converter disconnection and frequency variation of one onshore power grid.","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126748840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Mei, Siming Yan, Guannan Qu, D. He, T. Habetler
{"title":"Design considerations for non-intrusive load monitoring hardware platforms in smart building","authors":"Jie Mei, Siming Yan, Guannan Qu, D. He, T. Habetler","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682581","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the hardware platform design of non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) system. A comprehensive analysis and comparison on the design of previous smart meters and e-outlets is presented. This study forms the basis of the proposed hardware design manual in this paper. The quantity and quality of the available data for NILM study are always the most critical challenges in this area. Different researchers measure data using different data acquisition devices without a standard and benchmark. This situation also strengths the difficulty to evaluate and compare the identifiers proposed by different researchers. This paper will give a full consideration of the different application situations of the NILM system, and expend the hardware design from the following aspects, sampling frequency selections, sensor selections, power supply solutions, and MCU modules. Typical structures of smart metering infrastructures are presented at the end of the paper. This will not only provide the firsthand materials to new researchers in this area, but also contribute to the establishment of a universal public database.","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130349405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Criteria for the definition of the Equipment Seismic Levels (ESL): Comparisons between USA and European codes","authors":"G. Parise, M. Angelis, A. Reggio","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682596","url":null,"abstract":"In spite of the names of “building attachments” and “secondary elements” usually given to nonstructural components and equipment, they are far from being secondary in importance. In the worst case of critical facilities, the failure of equipment strongly impacts on the post-earthquake functionality, causing the loss of essential services or businesses. Such considerations highlight the need for a seismic qualification of equipment as the essential means to demonstrate its adequacy to perform the required function during the expected earthquake event. In the present paper, the authors deal with a new approach to the problem of seismic qualification, in which the seismic demand posed to the component is defined in terms of Equipment Seismic Levels (ESL), while its inherent seismic capacity is classified in terms of Equipment Qualification Categories (EQC). The determination of the ESL, subject of this work, has to satisfy the requirements prescribed by the codes for the seismic design of equipment. A comparative study of the current seismic codes in USA and in Europe is hence carried out, in order to critically assess their provisions and to develop a methodology that can be implemented straightforwardly also by designers not having expertise in the field of earthquake engineering.","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"358 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121642107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New technique for embedding depth information in captured images using light containing invisible high-frequency patterns","authors":"H. Unno, Sae Isaka, K. Uehira","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682544","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new technique for capturing images where depth information on an object is invisibly and simultaneously embedded in its 2-D image when its image is taken with a camera. An object is illuminated by light that contains invisible patterns whose characteristics change depending on depth; therefore, the images of objects captured with the camera also invisibly contain their depth information. This invisible information on depth can be extracted by appropriate image processing from the captured images. Images taken with this technique can be treated as conventional 2-D images because the image format is for conventional 2-D images. 3-D images can be constructed by abstracting depth information embedded in the images. We carried out experiments using periodical patterns whose pattern pitch were under the revolving power of human vision and whose spatial frequency changed depending on depth. We demonstrated that the depth map on a captured image could be produced by obtaining the frequency of the periodical pattern in the image using a discreet Fourier transform.","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126253682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characteristics of dielectric barrier discharge microplasma","authors":"M. Blajan, K. Shimizu","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682462","url":null,"abstract":"Emission spectroscopy analysis and imaging technique were used to study the microplasma phenomena. The microplasma discharge in Ar and N2/Ar was analyzed along the discharge gap area and also for specific periods of time during the discharge. Spatial and temporal distribution showed the propagation of light emission from anode towards cathode. The phenomena could be divided in stages: electron avalanche from cathode and the anode, cathode direct streamer development, cathode layer development, cathode layer enhancement and final stage of cathode layer decay. The light emission was measured up to 365 ns as long as the discharge current was measured. The peak of Ar I at 696.5 nm was used to estimate the electron density using Stark broadening method. The calculated value of electron density ne= 1014/cm3 is specific for atmospheric pressure nonthermal plasmas.","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115722543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Boukhoulda, K. Medles, M. Miloudi, A. Tilmatine, A. Bendaoud, L. Dascalescu
{"title":"Effect of ambient humidity on the outcome of electrostatic separation process for mixed granular polymers","authors":"M. Boukhoulda, K. Medles, M. Miloudi, A. Tilmatine, A. Bendaoud, L. Dascalescu","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682467","url":null,"abstract":"Recycling of plastics from industrial wastes requires appropriate sorting technologies, such as the free-fall electrostatic separation of tribocharged granular materials. Taguchi's methodology has already been aplplied to the robust design of an electrostatic separation processes the outcome of which was affected by two hard-to-control “noise factor”: granule size and composition of the materials to be selectively sorted.The aim of this paper was to introduce an additional “noise factor”: the relative humidity of ambient air for the separation of a mixture composed of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), originating from shredded obsolete computer cases. The objective was to reduce variation in the process outcome by finding operating conditions (pre-charging duration, speed of the fluidization air, high voltage), under which uncontrollable variation in “noise factor” (ambient humidity, the masses of ABS, HIPSand middling collected after separation) has minimal impact on the quantity (mass of middling fraction) and the quality (purity of The HIPS fraction) of the recovered products. The experiments were carried out on a tribo-aero-electrostatic separator. The samples of processed material, contained various proportions of ABS and HIPS. The granule size for both materials is between 1 mm and 3 mm. The ambient relative humidity varied between 40 and 70%, at a temperature of 18 ± 2C°. The design and noise factors were first analyzed using a classical Taguchi approach, then combined into one single experimental design, so that a regression model of the process be fitted. Several additional experiments at lower (30%) or higher (70%) relative humidity have been performed, to assess the feasibility of electrostatic separation in less standard environmental conditions. The conditions of industry application of Taguchi's methodology are discussed.","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114308815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Embedded zerotree wavelet based data compression for smart grid","authors":"J. Khan, S. Bhuiyan, G. Murphy, Morgan Arline","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682511","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an embedded zerotree wavelet transform (EZWT) based technique is employed for the data compression in the smart grid (SG). The EZWT is a simple but effective data compression algorithm. It yields fully embedded code by generating the bits in order of importance. This technique does not need any training, pre-stored tables or codebooks, and prior knowledge of the data source. In this paper, the analysis and subsequent compression properties of the EZWT transform are examined for power system signals in SG. The proposed approach is evaluated using a set of simulated phasor measurement unit (PMU) data. Comparative compression results are presented with the wavelet transform (WT).","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"491 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116193606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. A. Rodrigues, R. S. Araújo, H. Paula, B. Filho, L. Gomes
{"title":"Technical feasibility study for extending the speed limit of a continuous steel production line aiming at increasing its productivity","authors":"R. A. Rodrigues, R. S. Araújo, H. Paula, B. Filho, L. Gomes","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682558","url":null,"abstract":"The production increase of a continuous processing line is directly related to an increased processing speed of the material. In this context, this work presents a technical analysis involving the various equipment of a continuous annealing and pickling line of steels, focusing on the characterization and possible expansion of its speed limit. Based on the working fundamentals and operational characteristics of the equipment of each line section, it was identified its maximum capacity concerning the highest running speed achievable. The results indicated that the accumulation lengths of loop cars, speed and power capacity of electric motors, furnace heat and electrolytic pickling capacity are not on their edge limits, pointing to the possibility of significant speed gains. Step-down gearboxes, on the other hand, proved to be undersized, indicating the need for re-powering, even if they are to operate on the current speed. Apart from the gearboxes, the next speed limitation was imposed by the electric motors; however, they still can deliver a speed increase of 17 meters/minute. It is worthy mentioning that the evaluation methodology proposed here can also be applied to other types of production lines, which can also be optimized.","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128430957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power quality improvement in PFC Bridgeless-Luo converter fed BLDC motor drive","authors":"Bhim Singh, V. Bist, A. Chandra, K. Al-haddad","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682498","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a PFC (Power Factor Correction) based BL-Luo (Bridgeless-Luo) converter fed BLDC (Brushless DC) motor drive. A single voltage sensor is used for the speed control of BLDC motor and PFC at AC mains. The voltage follower control is used for a BL-Luo converter operating in DICM (Discontinuous Inductor Current Mode). The speed of the BLDC motor is controlled by an approach of variable DC link voltage, which allows a low frequency switching of VSI (Voltage Source Inverter) for electronic commutation of BLDC motor; thus offers reduced switching losses. The proposed BLDC motor drive is designed to operate over a wide range of speed control with improved power quality at AC mains. The power quality indices thus obtained are under the recommended limits of IEC 61000-3-2. The performance of the proposed drive is validated with test results obtained on a developed prototype of the drive.","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132256314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-objective analysis for designing and controlling micro-grids under multi-control with PID, MHCC and FOPID controllers","authors":"I. Rasoanarivo, F. Sargos","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2013.6682531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2013.6682531","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper deals with the study and the implementing of an independent micro-grid supplied from DC batteries and including a conventional boost converter and a multilevel inverter. To ensure high stability of the network and continuity of service of the whole, this assembly is simultaneously controlled by three cascaded controls: a conventional PID corrector watching the output DC bus bar of Boost Converter, a Modulated Hysteresis Current Control (MHCC) acting on a Three-level Three-phase Load Point Clamped (LPC) Inverter, a Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controlling the three-phase voltages of an autonomous electrical network. In order to make the cost of network very competitive and to respect international EMC and EMI standards, the sizing of the passive elements of the assembly and the adjusting of the correctors parameters are achieved by the multi-objective optimization method. This optimization is submitted to the following constraints: low switching frequencies for the boost converter and the multilevel inverter, weights and sizes relatively small of the inductor coils. Analysis by simulation and experimental results are presented in the paper for verifying the merits and the practicality of the three controls here developed, and so highlighting the expected performances of the whole micro-grid.","PeriodicalId":130912,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125574853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}