Holzforschung最新文献_第2页

Comparative wood and charcoal anatomy of Manilkara sp.: contribution for market inspections Manilkara sp.的木材和木炭解剖比较：对市场检查的贡献

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2023-0129

Cibelle Amaral Reis, Daniela Minini, Eliane L. da Silva, Pedro Henrique G. de Cademartori, Graziela B. Vidaurre, Simone R. Morrone, Graciela I. B. de Muñiz, Silvana Nisgoski

{"title":"Comparative wood and charcoal anatomy of Manilkara sp.: contribution for market inspections","authors":"Cibelle Amaral Reis, Daniela Minini, Eliane L. da Silva, Pedro Henrique G. de Cademartori, Graziela B. Vidaurre, Simone R. Morrone, Graciela I. B. de Muñiz, Silvana Nisgoski","doi":"10.1515/hf-2023-0129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2023-0129","url":null,"abstract":"The anatomical description of wood and charcoal for a wide variety of purposes is an essential tool for compiling databases to correctly identify species. This study describes and compares the anatomy of the wood and charcoal of Manilkara sp., collected in a protected area in the Pará state, Brazil. The qualitative anatomical characteristics of the wood, such as diffuse-porosity; vessels in radial multiples; alternate intervessel pits; axial parenchyma in lines or reticulate; rays uniseriate or biseriate, not storied, are corroborated in the literature. Moreover, this work reports the presence of helical thickenings in the vessel elements and possible helical thickenings in fibres in Manilkara. After the carbonization process, there were morphometric changes in the anatomical elements, as an increase in vessel frequency between 23 % and 141 %, and in ray frequency between 2.8 % and 12.9 %; while ray height decreased and ray width increased. Overall, some anatomical variations could be related to, or a result of the interaction between species plasticity, genetics, age and environmental factors. These characteristics enabled the identification of the samples at the genus level and the anatomical description of the wood and charcoal can be useful for forest inspections.","PeriodicalId":13083,"journal":{"name":"Holzforschung","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141939917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemotaxonomic and anatomic wood species identification in bleached pulp: blind test and method validation 漂白纸浆中的化学分类学和解剖学木种鉴定：盲测和方法验证

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2024-0025

Max L. Flaig, Jens Berger, Stephanie Helmling, Andrea Olbrich, Heinz J. Schaffrath, Daniel Zahn, Bodo Saake

{"title":"Chemotaxonomic and anatomic wood species identification in bleached pulp: blind test and method validation","authors":"Max L. Flaig, Jens Berger, Stephanie Helmling, Andrea Olbrich, Heinz J. Schaffrath, Daniel Zahn, Bodo Saake","doi":"10.1515/hf-2024-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2024-0025","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comparative analysis of the blind test outcomes of two independent methods for the identification of tropical wood species in pulp and paper products. Both, the established anatomical and the relatively new chemotaxonomic method support the European Deforestation Regulation 2023/1115 (EUDR), which aims to ensure that only legally harvested timber that has not contributed to deforestation is traded in the EU. The blind test involved 570 decisions on 15 test sheets of 37 self-manufactured mixed tropical hardwood pulps and an industrial beech pulp, used as a matrix. Both detection techniques demonstrated robust performance with over 80 % hit rates. The results show that the synergies and combination of the strengths of both methods can be utilized and lead to even better combined performance. In order to establish the chemotaxonomic identification method as a complement to the conventional anatomy-based method, statistical analyses were performed to assess its intermediate precision between three different GC-MS systems. In most cases, the method gave consistent results independent of the instrument used.","PeriodicalId":13083,"journal":{"name":"Holzforschung","volume":"1285 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical changes in thermally modified, acetylated and melamine formaldehyde resin impregnated beech wood 热改性、乙酰化和三聚氰胺甲醛树脂浸渍榉木的化学变化

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2024-0013

Anna Oberle, Eva Výbohová, Jan Baar, Zuzana Paschová, Štěpán Beránek, Igor Drobyshev, Iveta Čabalová, Petr Čermák

{"title":"Chemical changes in thermally modified, acetylated and melamine formaldehyde resin impregnated beech wood","authors":"Anna Oberle, Eva Výbohová, Jan Baar, Zuzana Paschová, Štěpán Beránek, Igor Drobyshev, Iveta Čabalová, Petr Čermák","doi":"10.1515/hf-2024-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2024-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Wood modification (by thermal or chemical treatment) helps to improve the dimensional stability of wood and enhance its resistance to biological agents. Beech wood is non-durable and exposure in exterior settings dramatically shortens its service life. To determine the full potential of beech wood for advanced applications, a better understanding of the chemical changes induced by modification is needed. Two chemical treatments (acetylation and melamine formaldehyde resin impregnation) and three thermal treatments (heating to 180, 200 and 220 °C) were performed on beech wood. The modification effect was examined based on (i) molecular changes in functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR); (ii) extractive content; and (iii) pH changes. Moreover, the explanation of these changes was supported by the FTIR-analysis of isolated main wood components (cellulose, holocellulose and lignin) from the modified wood. The high temperatures applied to samples during thermal modification promoted the deacetylation and degradation of hemicelluloses. Hemicelluloses were targeted also by acetic anhydride and melamine resin, the bonding of which was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The formation of fewer methylene bridges affected the properties of the melamine network. This observation suggests the need to determine optimal curing conditions in future research, to reduce melamine-wood hydrophilicity.","PeriodicalId":13083,"journal":{"name":"Holzforschung","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the strength mechanism of the wooden round-end mortise-and-tenon joint using the digital image correlation method 利用数字图像关联法研究木制圆端榫接合的强度机理

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2024-0029

Wengang Hu, Runzhong Yu

{"title":"Study on the strength mechanism of the wooden round-end mortise-and-tenon joint using the digital image correlation method","authors":"Wengang Hu, Runzhong Yu","doi":"10.1515/hf-2024-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2024-0029","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to reveal the strength mechanism of the mortise-and-tenon (M–T) joint at a deeper level. The effects of tenon fit on bending and withdrawal load resistances, and strain distributions outside and inside beech (Fagus sylvatica) wooden round-end M–T joints were experimentally investigated using mechanical testing synchronizing digital image correlation method (DICM). The results showed that (1) the tenon fit had greater significance on withdrawal properties than that of bending properties of M–T joints; (2) the bending load resistance was linearly proportional to withdrawal load resistance based on both theoretic analysis and regression methods; (3) strain distributions outside M–T joints during the loading process were not sufficient to evaluate the mechanical behaviors of the M–T joint; (4) strain distributions inside M–T joints showed that the maximum strains on top and bottom parts of the tenon were significantly greater than that of middle part, but the difference decreased with the growth of tenon fit; (5) the method of determining the optimal tenon fit of the M–T joint based on the DICM was proposed, and optimal tenon fit of beech wooden round-end M–T joint evaluated ranged from 0.4 to 0.5 mm.","PeriodicalId":13083,"journal":{"name":"Holzforschung","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141741327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kraft pulping of model wood chips: local impact of process conditions on hardwood delignification and xylan retention 模型木片的牛皮纸制浆：工艺条件对硬木脱木素和木聚糖保留的局部影响

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2024-0033

Carolina Marion de Godoy, Merima Hasani, Hans Theliander

{"title":"Kraft pulping of model wood chips: local impact of process conditions on hardwood delignification and xylan retention","authors":"Carolina Marion de Godoy, Merima Hasani, Hans Theliander","doi":"10.1515/hf-2024-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2024-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Local evolution of delignification and xylan removal inside wood chips was investigated throughout the initial stages of kraft cooking. Model chips of birch sapwood were pulped at 145, 155 and 165 °C, utilizing white liquors with hydroxide content ranging from 0.25 to 0.55 mol/kg. The composition of different sections in each cooked sample was then determined. Xylan was isolated from selected samples and analyzed using size exclusion chromatography and HSQC NMR. Most changes in concentration and structure of residual xylan occurred early in the process (<45 min). Furthermore, xylan samples isolated from the tissue of different cooked chips had similar average molecular weights, indicating that temperature and alkali content had little impact over the extent of reactions affecting residual xylan. In contrast, xylan dissolution was significantly dependent on pulping conditions, increasing with hydroxide concentration. The lignin profile inside the cooked chips also varied with alkali content and temperature, and it was shown to be more uniform when applying low cooking temperatures (145 °C). Finally, increased delignification and xylan removal were detected close to the transverse surfaces of chips (likely due to the fast mass transport in vessels/lumen), implying that anatomical features of wood can have a significant impact on pulping.","PeriodicalId":13083,"journal":{"name":"Holzforschung","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparisons of tracheid lengths in Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc.: earlywood versus latewood and province versus province Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc.的气管长度比较：早材与晚材以及省与省的比较

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2023-0107

Jeong-Wook Seo, En-Bi Choi, Jun-Hui Park, Yo-Seob Lee, Hyun-Mi Lee, Eun-Sook Kim

{"title":"Comparisons of tracheid lengths in Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc.: earlywood versus latewood and province versus province","authors":"Jeong-Wook Seo, En-Bi Choi, Jun-Hui Park, Yo-Seob Lee, Hyun-Mi Lee, Eun-Sook Kim","doi":"10.1515/hf-2023-0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2023-0107","url":null,"abstract":"The tracheid length (TL) in conifer species is a primary factor to determine quality of paper and wood products. However, TL in Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc., a dominant conifer species in Korea, has not been monitored systematically across the country yet. To this end, the TL of early- and latewoods of Korean red pine from 16 provinces of the Republic of Korea was measured and compared to verify the differences (1) between the monitoring years (2014–2018), (2) between early- and latewoods of the trees from the same provinces, and (3) between the early- and latewoods from different provinces. Analysis of 31,500 tracheids revealed that the variation of TL of early- and latewood from two and six out of 16 sites, respectively, were not statistically meaningful and the TL of latewood displayed a lower annual variation than that of the earlywood during the monitoring years. The TL of the latewood was longer than that of the earlywood; however, four out of 16 sites showed shorter TL for the latewood. So, it was verified that the relationship between the TL of the early- and latewood can change. Moreover, the TL was longer for the trees located in the southeast regions.","PeriodicalId":13083,"journal":{"name":"Holzforschung","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparative study of the cell wall level delignification behaviour of four Nordic hardwoods during kraft pulping 牛皮纸制浆过程中四种北欧硬木细胞壁层脱木质素行为的比较研究

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2024-0011

Linus Kron, Merima Hasani, Hans Theliander

{"title":"A comparative study of the cell wall level delignification behaviour of four Nordic hardwoods during kraft pulping","authors":"Linus Kron, Merima Hasani, Hans Theliander","doi":"10.1515/hf-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Wood is a heterogeneous material with significant variation among species. This inherent complexity poses a challenge to the continuous expansion of our understanding of the kraft process; yet previous pulping research has mainly been limited to a few species. This study investigates variations among some less studied species and their cell wall level delignification behaviour during kraft pulping. Ground wood of birch, beech, aspen, and alder were pulped at near-constant composition and temperature conditions. Minor, yet significant, differences in the rates of their delignification were observed: aspen had a pronounced fast rate during the initial stage, whereas alder delignified more slowly relative to its high initial lignin content. The dissolution of xylan was substantially faster for birch. In contrast, no substantial differences were detected between the species in the molecular weight and structure of the dissolved wood components, suggesting that the different delignification behaviours stem from variations in the residual phase. The molecular weight distribution of dissolved lignin was uniform during the initial stage of pulping, which is indicative of rapid and extensive fragmentation. Subsequently, the weight increased continuously for the remainder of the process, suggesting that the mass transfer within the cell wall influenced the overall delignification kinetics.","PeriodicalId":13083,"journal":{"name":"Holzforschung","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of lignin composition in compression wood-like reaction wood of angiosperm Gardenia jasminoides by pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry 利用热解-气相色谱-质谱法测定被子植物栀子的压缩类反应木中的木质素成分

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2023-0123

Haruna Aiso, Tatsuya Ashitani, Futoshi Ishiguri

引用次数: 0

Hydrothermal enzyme pretreatment on structure and properties of apple branches 水热酶预处理对苹果枝条结构和特性的影响

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2023-0103

Jieying Yuan, Yibo Li, Shulei Li, Zheyun Liu, Yunjing Lu, Shuoyu Dang, Fan Ding, Ruijin Yu, Jie Chu

{"title":"Hydrothermal enzyme pretreatment on structure and properties of apple branches","authors":"Jieying Yuan, Yibo Li, Shulei Li, Zheyun Liu, Yunjing Lu, Shuoyu Dang, Fan Ding, Ruijin Yu, Jie Chu","doi":"10.1515/hf-2023-0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2023-0103","url":null,"abstract":"Pretreatment serves as an important step in maximizing the efficient utilization of woody biomass feedstock. This study focused on enhancing the component and structural properties of apple wood to optimize the utilization of apple wood resources effectively. This study presents the optimization of, the apple wood pretreatment system, combining bioenzyme and hydrothermal treatments. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different bioenzyme pretreatment conditions on the components and structural properties of apple wood extract and to analyze the feasibility of enzyme solution reuse. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed an increase in cellulose content in the wood flour following enzyme treatment. Concurrently, changes in characteristic peaks indicated an increased hemicellulose content and a reduction in lignin content after the pretreatment, correlating with fraction analysis results. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated that the dense structure of the fiber surface was disrupted after treatment. Notably, the results indicated that the recovered biocomposite enzymes exhibited excellent activity, suggesting their potential for reuse.","PeriodicalId":13083,"journal":{"name":"Holzforschung","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cell wall composition of Camellia oleifera Abel. shell: new insights into its composition distribution and ultrastructure 油茶（Camellia oleifera Abel.

IF 2.4 3区农林科学

Holzforschung Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1515/hf-2023-0120

Jiawei Huang, Xiuyi Lin, Weiwei Zhang, Litao Guan, Jiangtao Xu, Jin Gu, Yonghui Zhou, Chuanshuang Hu

{"title":"Cell wall composition of Camellia oleifera Abel. shell: new insights into its composition distribution and ultrastructure","authors":"Jiawei Huang, Xiuyi Lin, Weiwei Zhang, Litao Guan, Jiangtao Xu, Jin Gu, Yonghui Zhou, Chuanshuang Hu","doi":"10.1515/hf-2023-0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2023-0120","url":null,"abstract":"Camellia oleifera Abel. shell (COS) is an agricultural waste in quantities exceeding a million tons annually. The ultrastructure of the COS cell wall and the distribution of lignocellulose components were investigated. The microscopic results showed that COS contains two types of cells, sclerenchyma cells (SC) and parenchyma cells (PC). SC contained 50.4 % hemicellulose, 17.6 % cellulose and 30.9 % lignin while PC contained 35.2 % hemicellulose, 23.7 % cellulose and 35.0 % lignin. The distribution of lignocellulose components in COS is non-homogeneous. Lignin is alternately distributed with polysaccharides in the PC wall. In SC, hemicellulose is mainly present in the secondary wall S2, while lignin was mainly found in the compound middle lamella, and cellulose mainly exists in the secondary wall, S3. A comprehensive model of the cell wall ultrastructure and lignocellulose distribution of COS was given. This study provides a fundamental understanding of COS cell walls and can aid in the future graded utilization of COS.","PeriodicalId":13083,"journal":{"name":"Holzforschung","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140887778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0