IEEE Access最新文献

{"title":"A Highly Miniaturized and Wide Angularly Stable Antenna-Filter-Antenna-Based Polarization Rotating Frequency Selective Surface for Radar Systems","authors":"Muhammad Nasir;Slawomir Koziel;Adnan Iftikhar","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605845","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel polarization rotating frequency selective surface (PR-FSS) design based on the antenna-filter-antenna (AFA) configuration. The proposed design efficiently overcomes the limitations related to miniaturization and wide angular stability in polarization converters currently used in advanced radar systems. The proposed metasurface (MS) features an aperture-coupled design using U- and 90° U-shaped patch elements separated by a 45° slotted ground plane. The incorporation of the particular shape in the proposed design enabled high-efficiency linear-to-linear transmissive cross-polarization (LTL-TCP) conversion and bandpass response, simultaneously. The design concept is initially verified using full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations and then validated experimentally. The results showed that the design has stable performance with a wide bandwidth and robust angular response up to 80°. In summary, the prototype offered a consistent polarization conversion ratio (PCR) above 0.95 over the frequency range from 5.18 – 5.72 GHz with a low insertion loss of around 0.4 dB. A good agreement between the simulation and measured results demonstrated the applicability of such miniaturized structures in polarization conversion applications, such as radar systems, to improve target detection and classification.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"154729-154738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11149633","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Environmental Costs Into Power Plant Bidding: A Pathway to Sustainable Energy Transition","authors":"Arif S. Malik","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605576","url":null,"abstract":"The current structures of the electricity market are criticized in this article for failing to internalize the external costs of carbon emissions from thermal power plants. It highlights the shortcomings of the two main policy instruments—carbon taxes and carbon trading. While carbon taxes are frequently too low to bring about meaningful change, particularly in capital-intensive industries like power generation, emissions trading schemes set overall caps but do not encourage reductions beyond the targets. By recalculating marginal costs using heat rates and input-output curves, the author suggests bridging this gap by incorporating environmental costs into power plant bidding prices. This method changes dispatch priorities according to actual societal costs and openly accounts for externalities as shown using data from the U.S. Department of Energy on five fossil fuel generation technologies. Moreover, screening curve analysis is carried out to show the overall economics of these technologies when the carbon costs are added. Using IEEE-118 fossil fuel data, the study shows more than <inline-formula> <tex-math>${$}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>20/MWh cost gap between the average and marginal costs for some plants when CO2 is priced at <inline-formula> <tex-math>${$}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>50/ton. It calls for policies mandating emission disclosure and integrating environmental costs into decisions to penalize polluters and drive a lasting shift toward cleaner energy and climate alignment.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"154803-154811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11148237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Community Evolution by Modeling Individual Traits","authors":"Wei Jiang;Qingbin Liu","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605651","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of community structures in social networks has become an increasingly popular topic of research. A particular challenge lies in tracking the evolution of these structures, along with the accompanying community semantics, over time. Addressing this challenge requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying factors that drive community evolution. This study contributes to that understanding by emphasizing the critical role of individual traits in influencing community dynamics. Building on this insight, we propose an innovative model for dynamic community detection that incorporates inherent evolutionary features. The model segments the social network into temporal snapshots and identifies community structures by leveraging both individual traits and information derived from preceding snapshots. Simultaneously, it tracks evolving discussion topics within communities, enabling the modeling of community semantics. Additionally, the model provides a robust framework for user trait profiling. Its effectiveness is validated through extensive experiments on three real-world datasets. Compared with seven state-of-the-art baselines, our model consistently demonstrates superior performance. Case studies further confirm its capability to uncover community semantics and accurately characterize user traits.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"154712-154728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11150404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Fault-Tolerant MPC Strategy for Six-Phase PMSMs: Optimizing Torque Stability, Current Constraint Management During Phase Transition","authors":"Peter Nkwocha Harmony;Ahmed H. Okilly;Cheolgyu Kim;Do-Wan Kim;Seungdeog Choi;Jeihoon Baek","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605650","url":null,"abstract":"Six-phase permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) provide improved fault tolerance and reliability, making them well-suited for critical applications like aerospace and hybrid electric vehicle systems. Nonetheless, guaranteeing torque stability while keeping phase currents within safe limits during fault scenarios poses considerable challenges. Conventional control strategies struggle with current redistribution when phase faults occur, leading to torque oscillations and potentially damaging current levels in remaining healthy phases. This paper proposes a Fault-Tolerant Model Predictive Control (FT-MPC) strategy that optimizes current distribution in six-phase PMSMs to maintain smooth torque output while strictly adhering to peak current constraints. The proposed approach employs a predictive model to calculate optimal current references during the transition from six-phase to three-phase operation, implementing a cost function that balances torque maintenance with current limitation requirements. Simulation analysis and experimental testing on a 3 kW six-phase PMSM setup are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed FT-MPC under various fault scenarios, comparing it with the conventional controllers. Compared to conventional controllers, the proposed method prevents current spikes during phase-switching transients while maintaining torque within reference values. Additionally, the controller successfully limits currents in healthy phases to remain below predetermined thresholds, preventing thermal damage while maximizing available torque. The comprehensive experimental results confirm that the FT-MPC approach significantly enhances system reliability and performance during fault conditions. It is particularly suitable for electric vehicle propulsion systems, aerospace applications, and other safety-critical industrial drives requiring fault-tolerant operation.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"154833-154853"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11148241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Quantum Authentication Framework Based on Iris Recognition and Homomorphic Encryption","authors":"Mariano López-García;Enrique Cantó-Navarro","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605676","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an authentication protocol based on post-quantum cryptography and iris recognition. The process uses a modified version of the original McEliece cryptographic algorithm that provides post-quantum security. Additionally, iris recognition is included in the decryption process, ensuring that only authentic users have access to confidential information, or can operate critical infrastructures or systems that must be protected against malicious users or impostors. A distributed framework, in which several autonomous entities interact with each other, participates in the whole process to reduce the odds of a successful attack. Biometric templates are encrypted and safely stored in a database. These templates meet all requirements described in the ISO/IEC 24745 standard regarding data protection. Due to the homomorphic property of McEliece, the decryption process operates using the encrypted version of these biometric templates, ensuring that critical information is not revealed. The use of McEliece does not affect the overall accuracy of the recognition process, so that the same False Acceptance and False Rejection rates are obtained when compared with the non-protected scheme.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"155015-155030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11148490","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positioning of Mine Loaders Based on UWB and IMU","authors":"Zhonghua Zhu;Ying Zhao;Wenxuan He;Zhang Peng;Haiying Fu;Yueyue Wu","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605669","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the difficulty of precise positioning of load-haul-dump (LHD) machines in complex mine environments, due to the constraints of satellite-denied environments on single positioning technologies and the severe impact of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions, this paper proposes a positioning method suitable for LHD machines in mine environments. This method integrates ultra-wideband (UWB) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) measurement information through an improved error state Kalman filter (ESKF) algorithm. A Dynamic Covariance Robust Method (DCRM) is proposed for ESKF to improve it by constructing a residual covariance matrix and dynamically adjusting the measurement noise covariance matrix through covariance matching technology, achieving adaptive suppression of NLOS error. The experimental results demonstrate that in complex environments, compared to using UWB positioning alone, the improved ESKF positioning algorithm effectively reduces the ultra-wideband positioning error under NLOS conditions by providing prior information of the positioning target. Compared to LS-Taylor, the Extended Kalman Filter algorithm and the Motion Inertia Estimation Adaptive Kalman Filtering, the positioning accuracy is improved by 61%, 50% and 31%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"155247-155258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11148085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Named Entity Recognition and News Article Classification: A Lightweight Approach","authors":"Ioannis Katranis;Christos Troussas;Akrivi Krouska;Phivos Mylonas;Cleo Sgouropoulou","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605709","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces TinyGreekNewsBERT, a 14.1 M-parameter distilled Transformer that performs both Named Entity Recognition (NER) and multiclass news-topic classification in Greek. We first compile and annotate a 20 000 article corpus with 32 IOB2 entity labels and 19 thematic categories, accompanied by a transparent, reproducible preprocessing pipeline. On this benchmark, TinyGreekNewsBERT reaches 81% micro F1 for NER and 78% classification accuracy, coming within five percentage points of GreekBERT (86% / 83%) while delivering comparable performance to mBERT (82% / 77%) and approaching XLM-RoBERTa (85% / 82%). Crucially, compared with GreekBERT, our model is <inline-formula> <tex-math>$8times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> smaller, requires <inline-formula> <tex-math>$15times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> fewer FLOPs (1.3 BFLOPs at 128 tokens), and yields a median CPU latency of 14.7 ms per article, a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$10times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> speed-up that makes it the first genuinely edge-deployable solution for Greek NER and news classification. Because the distillation and training pipeline is language-agnostic, the approach can be ported to other mid-resource languages and domains, offering a cost-effective path to multilingual, real-time NLP systems.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"155031-155046"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11148234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of Real World Maintenance Data of Data Center Uninterruptible Power Supply Systems and Failure Prediction","authors":"L. Frederick;M. M. Manohara Pai","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605758","url":null,"abstract":"Industry 4.0 positions real-world data as a transformative asset that drives the development of new knowledge, advanced solutions, and industrial growth. The exponential increase in data generation has accelerated the demand for data centers and consequently, uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, which are critical for ensuring continuous power delivery. Predicting failures in UPS systems using both structured and unstructured data requires a well-curated data preparation process to enable effective analysis and modeling of the data. This study introduces techniques for transforming these diverse data types to extract actionable insights using a GenAI model. The model leverages two feature sets: one sourced from the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system and the other derived from service completion reports documented by field service representatives. A key innovation of the model is the use of instructional prompts and a rule set that includes keyword mappings and acronym references, which enables the accurate interpretation of domain-specific language. This study also captures global performance insights for UPS systems and integrates data visualization. These visualizations facilitate the identification of failure patterns, including symptomatic and asymptomatic service order categories, failure origin, failure types, and criticality, enabling proactive maintenance strategies and enhancing system reliability. Model validation demonstrated a weighted accuracy and precision exceeding 90 % and an F1 score of 0.91.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"155096-155109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11148246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TForMIX: A Method That Combines LLM and Multidimensional Modeling for Technological Foresight","authors":"Giselle F. Rosa;Jones O. Avelino;Maria Claudia Cavalcanti;Julio Cesar Duarte","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605116","url":null,"abstract":"Technical documents, such as scientific papers and patents, are widely used as a basis for Technological Foresight (TF) processes. Typically, these analyses require identifying elements (e.g., terms) in the textual contents of these documents, which are relevant to the scientific-technological domain under investigation. Information Extraction (IE) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques are useful tools to automate the identification of these elements, which is essential in TF processes that usually involve the analysis of a corpus of hundreds (and sometimes thousands) of documents. An analytical view over this corpus, based on the occurrence of those relevant elements, helps prioritize document analysis and, consequently, accelerates the whole TF process. However, building a system that provides such analytical insight is expensive. Moreover, for each domain-specific TF process, a new system would have to be built. Thus, there is a need for viable solutions to analytically explore a corpus, according to the specific requirements of each domain. This work presents Technological Foresight with Multidimensional Information eXtraction (TForMIX), a novel method for building Decision Support Systems (DSSs) that applies Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Relation Extraction (RE) while allowing multidimensional analytical exploration of entities and relations together with bibliometric data from documents. TForMIX is a flexible method that can be applied to different domains, and speeds up building DSSs for each domain. Additionally, we evaluate the applicability of the produced DSSs in TF processes by conducting a practical experiment that demonstrates that applying the method to generate DSSs, supported by IE techniques, can significantly contribute to the conduction of TF analyses. The combination of the used theories, innovative methods, and proposed practical validation highlighted the high-quality nature of the analysis in this study while offering the potential for valuable insights and contributions to the TF process.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"153320-153339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11146655","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Practical Gateway-Based Interoperability Framework for Blockchains in Web3","authors":"Migyeong Kim;Youngjin Kim","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604816","url":null,"abstract":"As blockchain technology evolves to support a wide range of Web3 services, seamless interoperability between heterogeneous blockchain platforms has emerged as a key technical challenge. Existing studies mainly address interoperability in homogeneous environments, often neglecting critical platform-specific factors such as consensus mechanisms, asset models, and block generation parameters. Additionally, current ISO and ITU-T standards define architectural frameworks but fall short of offering practical guidance for real-world implementation. This paper introduces a practical gateway-based interoperability framework designed to support dynamic and policy-driven interactions across diverse blockchain networks. The proposed architecture decouples interoperability logic from blockchain-specific interfaces, enabling modular scalability and flexible integration. Interoperability policies are defined with respect to consensus trust levels, transaction types, and asset compatibility to ensure atomicity and consistency in cross-chain operations. To validate the approach, we implemented a cross-chain asset-transfer scenario between Hyperledger Fabric and Hyperledger Besu (Private Ethereum). The case study demonstrates high success rates, low latency, and consistent data integrity, confirming the framework’s practical applicability in Web3 environments. Future work will explore enhanced support for asynchronous execution, trust-based transaction control, and regulatory compliance in cross-jurisdiction blockchain interactions.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"153542-153556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11146769","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}