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Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry最新文献

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Parasomnias
Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/med/9780190929671.003.0012
Jessica Jung, E. S. Louis
{"title":"Parasomnias","authors":"Jessica Jung, E. S. Louis","doi":"10.1093/med/9780190929671.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190929671.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Parasomnias are undesirable and abnormal movements, behaviors, emotions, perceptions, and dreams that occur during or immediately surrounding sleep. The parasomnias are categorized as nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep parasomnias, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep parasomnias, and other parasomnias. This chapter provides an overview to the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, differential diagnoses, diagnostic approach, and treatment of common parasomnias encountered in clinical practice. These common parasomnias include NREM parasomnias, considered to be disorders of arousal from NREM sleep and which include a heterogeneous spectrum of sleep behaviors encountered following arousal from NREM sleep exemplified by the phenotypes of sleep terrors, sleep walking, confusional arousals, sleep-related eating disorder, and sexsomnias; the REM parasomnias, including nightmare disorder, recurrent isolated sleep paralysis, and REM sleep behavior disorder, which is strongly associated with prodromal or overt alpha-synucleinopathy neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson disease and dementia with Lewy bodies; and other parasomnias, including a spectrum of “leftovers” that do not map well to NREM or REM sleep specifically such as exploding head syndrome, sleep-related hallucinations, sleep enuresis, and parasomnias ascribed to medical disorders, medication or substance use, or unspecified etiologies. It is important for a psychiatrist to be conversant with the complete range of parasomnias given the importance of effective management of frequent psychiatric and psychological comorbidities, which serve as drivers of the frequency and severity of nocturnal events, and to ensure timely referral for polysomnography or other necessary sleep diagnostics where appropriate.","PeriodicalId":130366,"journal":{"name":"Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127162809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders 昼夜节律睡眠障碍
Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/med/9780190929671.003.0013
Gregory M. Brown, S. Pandi‑Perumal, D. Cardinali
{"title":"Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders","authors":"Gregory M. Brown, S. Pandi‑Perumal, D. Cardinali","doi":"10.1093/med/9780190929671.003.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190929671.003.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSDs) cause disturbances in sleep and wakefulness due to a misalignment between the timing of the body’s intrinsic circadian clock and environmental light and social activity cycles. This chapter reviews these disorders with an emphasis on their neural pathways, genetic mechanisms, and regulatory factors. The authors discuss the relationship of CSRDs to physical and mental health, the treatment of CRSDs with circadian rhythm adjustment techniques, and the relationship of CSRDs to psychiatric disorders, along with potential chronobiologic treatments of psychiatric disorders. The chapter specifically addresses delayed sleep phase disorder, advanced sleep phase disorder, non-24-hour sleep–wake rhythm disorder, irregular sleep–wake disorder, shift work disorder, and chronobiology and psychiatric disorders. Melatonin and bright light therapy are covered.","PeriodicalId":130366,"journal":{"name":"Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132092413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharmacological Management of Insomnia 失眠的药物管理
Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190929671.003.0009
K. Doghramji
{"title":"Pharmacological Management of Insomnia","authors":"K. Doghramji","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190929671.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190929671.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Insomnia has posed a management challenge for patients and clinicians for centuries. Historically, a variety of compounds have been utilized for the treatment of this common malady, with many of them associated with unwanted side effects. Over the past few decades, however, a variety of agents have emerged for treatment of insomnia with improved safety profiles. This chapter reviews these agents, with attention to their pharmacokinetic profile, mechanism of action, and other, clinically relevant characteristics. It also discusses a rational approach in the selection of each agent to optimize the treatment of insomnia. The chapter closes with a look toward the future of the pharmacological management of insomnia.","PeriodicalId":130366,"journal":{"name":"Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125308616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hypersomnolence Disorders 抽动障碍
Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/med/9780190929671.003.0011
Sulaiman Alhifzi, Nevin F W Zaki, Aljohara S. Almeneesier, Ahmed S. Bahammam
{"title":"Hypersomnolence Disorders","authors":"Sulaiman Alhifzi, Nevin F W Zaki, Aljohara S. Almeneesier, Ahmed S. Bahammam","doi":"10.1093/med/9780190929671.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190929671.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Despite varied classification systems, hypersomnolence disorders (or central disorders of hypersomnolence) are a group of disorders with a common symptom of excessive daytime sleepiness. In addition to a thorough clinical interview and examination, the assessment of hypersomnolence may require clinical investigations such as polysomnography and the multiple sleep latency test. This chapter examines the disorders of hypersomnolence with an emphasis on their clinical features and treatment strategies. The authors discuss the four main types of hypersomnolence disorders, narcolepsy type 1, narcolepsy type 2, idiopathic hypersomnia and Kleine–Levin syndrome, as well as hypersomnia due to a medical disorder, medication, or substance use; a psychiatric disorder; and insufficient sleep syndrome. It also discusses the relationships between hypersomnolence and psychiatric disorders.","PeriodicalId":130366,"journal":{"name":"Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry","volume":"635 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116082968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders 精神分裂症谱系和其他精神障碍
Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190929671.003.0021
Chi-Hung Au, Man-Sum Chan, K. Chung
{"title":"Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders","authors":"Chi-Hung Au, Man-Sum Chan, K. Chung","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190929671.003.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190929671.003.0021","url":null,"abstract":"While symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions attract the most attention from psychiatrists; sleep disturbances, although common in schizophrenia, are often overlooked or undertreated. It is estimated that 30% up to 80% of patients with schizophrenia suffer from insomnia, 15% from obstructive sleep apnea, 21% from restless leg syndrome, and 17% from a sleep-related eating disorder. Sleep disturbances have negative impact on patients’ physical health and quality of life and may aggravate neuropsychiatric symptoms in schizophrenia. This chapter serves as a concise guide for psychiatrists and other healthcare professionals to understand the assessment and management of sleep disturbances in schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Future research is needed to elucidate the genetic and longitudinal relationship between comorbid sleep disorders and schizophrenia, to evaluate the impact of comorbid sleep disorders and their treatment on clinical and functional outcomes, and to identify novel sleep therapies for patients with schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":130366,"journal":{"name":"Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry","volume":"761 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116129389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders 创伤和应激相关疾病
Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-05-04 DOI: 10.1176/appi.books.9781615373758.db09
Janeese A. Brownlow, K. Miller, P. Gehrman, R. Ross
{"title":"Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders","authors":"Janeese A. Brownlow, K. Miller, P. Gehrman, R. Ross","doi":"10.1176/appi.books.9781615373758.db09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9781615373758.db09","url":null,"abstract":"Trauma- and stressor-related disorders (TSRD) are disabling psychiatric disorders that have distinct diagnostic criteria; however, some share commonly endorsed symptoms including disturbed sleep. This chapter provides a comprehensive description of sleep–wake disturbances common in TSRD and summarizes the evidence for empirically supported psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments for these sleep disturbances. There are few controlled studies of the applicability of currently available sleep-focused interventions to the management of disturbed sleep in TSRD. However, there is evidence supporting the efficacy of some psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments for the sleep disturbances in TSRD. Future investigations should include randomized clinical trials that combine treatments focused on sleep with treatments effective in managing other symptoms of TSRD.","PeriodicalId":130366,"journal":{"name":"Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry","volume":"49 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141206716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forensic Sleep Medicine 法医睡眠医学
Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2015-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780199393435.003.0021
M. Pressman
{"title":"Forensic Sleep Medicine","authors":"M. Pressman","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780199393435.003.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780199393435.003.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with sleep disorders can exhibit behavior that includes violent acts. The behavior may occur during various sleep stages, ranges in complexity, and requires an analysis of consciousness. When the behavior harms another person and criminal charges follow, expert testimony will be required to explain the physiology of the disorder and impairments in consciousness that determine criminal culpability, that is, whether there was conscious intent behind the behavior. In this chapter, sleep-related conditions associated with violent behavior are discussed, along with guidelines for presenting scientific testimony in court. These disorders include rapid eye movement (REM) behavior disorder, somnambulism and other non-REM partial awakenings, and hypersomnolence. Feigned symptoms and malingering must be ruled out, and the clinical parameters for them are discussed. While the physiology of sleep disorders has widely been known, admissibility in court is not automatic. Standards for acceptable expert testimony are discussed.","PeriodicalId":130366,"journal":{"name":"Management of Sleep Disorders in Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129585172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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