Hospital PharmacyPub Date : 2024-10-27DOI: 10.1177/00185787241293356
Stacey Cohen Kaplon, Sumaia Aqtash, David Gilbride, Chris Chan, Rami Farjo
{"title":"Implementation of a Telemedicine Direct Oral Anticoagulant Monitoring Program at a Safety-Net Hospital.","authors":"Stacey Cohen Kaplon, Sumaia Aqtash, David Gilbride, Chris Chan, Rami Farjo","doi":"10.1177/00185787241293356","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00185787241293356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are the preferred choice of anticoagulation therapy for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. Inadequate monitoring of patients on DOACs may lead to suboptimal outcomes and safety concerns. This project aimed to implement a standardized telemedicine-based DOAC monitoring service and track pharmacist-based interventions. <b>Methods:</b> This project was conducted at a safety-net hospital over 6 months. Anticoagulation pharmacists developed a scheduling process for telemedicine DOAC follow-up appointments, integrated them into the electronic health record, and implemented standardized protocols and documentation tools. Outcomes of interest included the average number of pharmacist interventions per encounter and per patient. <b>Results:</b> One hundred sixty-four encounters involving 120 patients were included in the analysis. 92.7% of encounters resulted in at least 1 intervention, with 73.8% involving an education intervention. The average number of interventions per patient was 2.0, with 37.2% of encounters having multiple interventions. <b>Conclusion:</b> Implementation of a standardized telemedicine-based monitoring service allowed for pharmacist identification and management of issues related to DOAC therapy. These findings emphasize the importance of pharmacist-led interventions and telemedicine-based follow-up of DOAC therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13002,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"00185787241293356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Donepezil and Memantine-Induced Second-Degree Atrioventricular Block: A Case Report.","authors":"Manjappa Mahadevappa, Sakeer Hussain, Shivananda Manohar","doi":"10.1177/00185787241287368","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00185787241287368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Donepezil and memantine are second-generation antipsychotics widely used in the management of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. These drugs are highly selective for the central nervous system, targeting different neural pathways to mitigate cognitive decline. Donepezil is a reversible and specific acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, while memantine is an NMDA receptor antagonist which modulates glutamatergic activity. Although these medications are safe, they are associated with adverse effects, and cardiovascular complications are rare. The reported cardiac adverse drug reactions include bradycardia, atrioventricular block, and prolonged QT interval. We are reporting a case of an 81-year-old male patient with schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and bilateral sensorineural deafness receiving oral donepezil and memantine presented with second-degree atrioventricular block. The patient's atrioventricular block recovered completely in 2 to 3 weeks after the discontinuation of donepezil-memantine and with a short course of sympathomimetic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13002,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"00185787241287368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hospital PharmacyPub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1177/00185787241289023
Sjoerd D Meenks, Anne J A Drost-Wijnne, Ralph A C van Wezel, Hans J A van Suijlekom, Willemijn Jansen, Arne A L Rutgers, Mieke W de Blois, Maarten J Deenen
{"title":"Validation of an UPLC-PDA Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Phenol and Iomeprol in a Sterile Parenteral Preparation Used for Coeliac Plexus Block, and Its Application to a Pharmaceutical Stability Study.","authors":"Sjoerd D Meenks, Anne J A Drost-Wijnne, Ralph A C van Wezel, Hans J A van Suijlekom, Willemijn Jansen, Arne A L Rutgers, Mieke W de Blois, Maarten J Deenen","doi":"10.1177/00185787241289023","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00185787241289023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> A commonly applied analgesic therapy for patients with severe abdominal pain due to cancer-related pain in the upper abdomen, is coeliac plexus neurolysis (CPN). Herein, a combination product of phenol and an iodine contrast agent are injected simultaneously. The chemical stability of such a combination product is unknown, and no chromatographic method is yet available that describes the simultaneous quantification of phenol and iomeprol. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a stability-indicating UPLC method for the simultaneous quantification of both phenol and iomeprol and to determine the chemical stability of a sterile 100 mg/mL phenol in 350 mg I/mL iomeprol solution for injection during shelf life. <b>Methods:</b> The product was compounded and sterilized in a GMP certified facility. The pharmaceutical analysis was validated by determination of the accuracy, precision, specificity, selectivity, carry-over and linearity. Pharmaceutical product stability was determined before and after sterilization, and during shelf life of 36 months at 25°C ± 2°C. <b>Results:</b> The accuracy for phenol and iomeprol was 97.1% to 99.3% and 100.0% to 100.2%, respectively. The RSD for repeatability and reproducibility for phenol were 0.65% and 1.17%, and for iomeprol 0.61% and 1.49%, respectively. All other tested parameters met the predefined validation criteria. All concentrations at all tested time points remained within ±2% of the initial concentrations for phenol and ±4% for iomeprol. No additional peaks were visible on the chromatograms. <b>Conclusion:</b> A stability-indicating method for the simultaneous quantification of phenol and iomeprol in a parental pharmaceutical preparation was developed and validated. This method was used to demonstrate the chemical stability of a newly developed sterile solution of 100 mg/mL phenol and 350 mg I/mL iomeprol. Chemical product stability was demonstrated during shelf life of up to 36 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":13002,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"00185787241289023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hospital PharmacyPub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1177/00185787241289281
Aleesha Jantzen, Nathan Woolever, Megan Treu, Jaclyn Stakston, Songlin Cai, Jennifer Tempelis, Richard Charles Kujak, Ross A Dierkhising, Ala S Dababneh, Sarah Lessard
{"title":"Impact of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Nasal Polymerase Chain Reaction Screening Tests on Duration of Vancomycin Therapy for Skin and Soft Tissue Infections.","authors":"Aleesha Jantzen, Nathan Woolever, Megan Treu, Jaclyn Stakston, Songlin Cai, Jennifer Tempelis, Richard Charles Kujak, Ross A Dierkhising, Ala S Dababneh, Sarah Lessard","doi":"10.1177/00185787241289281","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00185787241289281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Recent literature demonstrated a 24-hour reduction in vancomycin duration of therapy (DOT) for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) with a negative methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal screening versus a positive nasal screening. Objective of this study was to investigate vancomycin DOT in patients with SSTIs who received MRSA nasal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening versus those who did not receive MRSA nasal PCR screening. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective, multi-center, cohort study was completed in admitted adult patients on vancomycin for SSTI from 01/01/2020 to 09/30/2022. Hospital policy permits any clinician to order a MRSA nasal PCR screening test for various indications, including SSTIs, pneumonia and sepsis. <b>Results:</b> One-hundred-fifty-one patients were included, of which 71 had MRSA nasal PCR screening tests obtained, and 80 did not. The median vancomycin DOT in patients with MRSA nasal PCR screening tests was 19.9 versus 36.7 hours (<i>P</i> = .014) in patients without screening tests. <b>Conclusion:</b> Patients with SSTIs who receive MRSA nasal PCR screening tests have a shortened vancomycin DOT. These results contribute to current data in support of the efficacy and clinical utility of obtaining MRSA nasal PCR screening tests for SSTIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13002,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"00185787241289281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hospital PharmacyPub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1177/00185787241289289
Taylor A Holder, Cory B McGinnis, Abby L Chiappelli
{"title":"Evaluation of Timing of Pharmacologic Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Initiation in Trauma Patients at a Level One Trauma Center.","authors":"Taylor A Holder, Cory B McGinnis, Abby L Chiappelli","doi":"10.1177/00185787241289289","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00185787241289289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Major trauma is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Trauma guidelines recommend prompt initiation of pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis. While early initiation is recommended, delays in therapy can occur. <b>Objective:</b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the compliance of pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis initiation timing with trauma guidelines and impact on rates of VTE, bleeding and in-hospital mortality. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective cohort study included patients admitted to a trauma unit between January 1, 2020 and December 1, 2021. Patients were stratified by injury type and categorized as either compliant or non-compliant based on timing of initiation. Rates of VTE, bleeding, and in-hospital mortality were collected. <b>Results:</b> Of the 300 patients, 259 (86.3%) were compliant. Reasons for non-compliance included bleeding (19.5%) and pending evaluation for intervention such as nerve block procedure (12.2%) and surgical operation (4.9%). There were no differences in VTE (4.8% vs 1.2%, <i>P</i> = .139) or bleeding (4.6% vs 0%, <i>P</i> = N/A) between groups. There was a higher rate of in-hospital mortality in the non-compliant group (12.2% vs 2.3%, <i>P</i> = .009). Upon multivariate logistic regression, the ICU setting was identified as a risk factor for noncompliance (<i>P</i> = .020, OR = .45). <b>Conclusion:</b> Initiating pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis in concordance with trauma guidelines led to low observed rates of VTE and bleeding. In evaluating reasons for noncompliance, we identified areas of improvement for initiation including minimizing inappropriate delays in therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13002,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"00185787241289289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hospital PharmacyPub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1177/00185787241289296
Blake Henderson, Rebecca Emborski, Alessandra Diioia, David Stone, Kyle Stupca
{"title":"Improved Door-to-Needle Time After Implementation of Tenecteplase as the Preferred Thrombolytic for Acute Ischemic Stroke at a Large Community Teaching Hospital Emergency Department.","authors":"Blake Henderson, Rebecca Emborski, Alessandra Diioia, David Stone, Kyle Stupca","doi":"10.1177/00185787241289296","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00185787241289296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability. To improve patient outcomes, timely restoration of blood flow to the ischemic brain tissue is vital. One reperfusion strategy includes the administration of thrombolytics. Historically, alteplase has been the thrombolytic of choice for acute ischemic stroke; however, given recent safety and efficacy data, tenecteplase has gained popularity due to its optimal pharmacokinetic profile. <b>Objectives:</b> This study compares outcomes between adult patients with acute ischemic stroke who received tenecteplase as the preferred thrombolytic versus alteplase. <b>Methods:</b> This was a single center, retrospective cohort study that included adult patients who received intravenous thrombolytic therapy, either tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg or alteplase 0.9 mg/kg, for acute ischemic stroke from May 2021 to December 2023. The primary outcome was door-to-needle time. Secondary safety outcomes included the incidence of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), any ICH on 24-hour follow-up imaging, major extracranial bleeding, and angioedema. Secondary efficacy outcomes included discharge with a favorable neurological outcome, discharge disposition, ICU length of stay, and overall length of stay. Secondary stroke metric times evaluated include door-to-computed tomography (CT) time, CT-to-needle time, neurologist notification-to-needle time, and thrombolytic decision-to-needle time. <b>Results:</b> Fifty patients were included in the alteplase group and 50 patients were included in the tenecteplase group. The primary outcome, door-to-needle time, was significantly shorter in the tenecteplase group (36 vs 30 minutes, <i>P</i> = .006). There were no statistically significant differences found in the secondary safety and efficacy outcomes. Patients who received tenecteplase experienced significantly faster CT-to-needle times (17 vs 11 minutes, <i>P</i> = .006), neurologist notification-to-needle times (32 vs 25 minutes, <i>P</i> = .001), and thrombolytic decision-to-needle times (9 vs 5 minutes, <i>P</i> < .001). <b>Conclusions:</b> In this retrospective, observational study, there was a statistically significant decrease in door-to-needle time with tenecteplase compared to alteplase. No significant differences in secondary safety and efficacy outcomes were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13002,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"00185787241289296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hospital PharmacyPub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1177/00185787241287676
Divine Grewal, Laurensia Urip, Lisa T Hong
{"title":"Evaluation of Monotherapy Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate Versus Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate for Acute Hyperkalemia: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Divine Grewal, Laurensia Urip, Lisa T Hong","doi":"10.1177/00185787241287676","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00185787241287676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comparison of monotherapy sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) versus sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of SZC versus SPS for acute potassium lowering. This retrospective cohort study included hospitalized adult patients with acute hyperkalemia treated with SZC or SPS monotherapy. The primary outcome was time to normalization of serum potassium. Secondary outcomes included necessity of additional treatment, achievement of normokalemia at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours, and change in serum potassium from baseline to 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours. Fifty-one patients received SZC and 50 received SPS. Mean baseline potassium was 5.4 mmol/L for both groups. Median time to normokalemia was 14 (IQR 8-20) hours in the SZC group versus 17 (IQR 10-21) hours in the SPS group (<i>P</i> = .26). Normokalemia was achieved at 24 hours in 80% versus 77% in each group, respectively (<i>P</i> = .56). Six patients per group required additional treatment (<i>P</i> = .97). Mean serum potassium at all time points was numerically lower with SZC, but statistical significance was only observed at hour 8 (4.6 vs 5.0 mmol/L, <i>P</i> = .005), which was associated with a -0.77 versus -0.51 mmol/L decrease in serum potassium from baseline in each group, respectively (<i>P</i> = .026). SZC monotherapy is at least as effective as SPS in treating mild hyperkalemia and may reduce serum potassium more quickly and to a greater degree than SPS. Future research in more severe hyperkalemia and with monitoring of potassium at regular intervals is needed to better understand the role and potential advantages of SZC over SPS.</p>","PeriodicalId":13002,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"00185787241287676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hospital PharmacyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1177/00185787241237131
Roland N Dickerson, Angela L Bingham, Todd W Canada, Lingtak Neander Chan, M Petrea Cober, Sarah V Cogle, Anne M Tucker, Vanessa J Kumpf
{"title":"Significant Published Articles in 2023 for Pharmacy Nutrition Support Practice.","authors":"Roland N Dickerson, Angela L Bingham, Todd W Canada, Lingtak Neander Chan, M Petrea Cober, Sarah V Cogle, Anne M Tucker, Vanessa J Kumpf","doi":"10.1177/00185787241237131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00185787241237131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> The purpose of this article is to assist the pharmacist engaged in nutrition support therapy in staying current with pertinent literature. <b>Methods:</b> Several board-certified nutrition support pharmacists aggregated a list of articles relevant to pharmacy nutrition support published in 2023. The list was compiled into a spreadsheet whereby the authors were asked to assess whether the article was considered important. A culled list of publications was then identified whereby at least 5 out of the 8 author participants considered the article to be important for pharmacists practicing in nutrition support. Guideline and consensus papers, important to practice but not ranked, were also included. <b>Results:</b> A total of 133 articles were identified; 9 from the primary literature were voted by the group to be of high importance. Fourteen guidelines, position, recommendation, or consensus papers were also identified. The top-ranked articles from the primary literature were summarized and a narrative regarding its implications to pharmacy nutrition support practice were provided. <b>Conclusion:</b> We recommend that pharmacists engaged in nutrition support therapy be familiar with these articles as it pertains to their practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13002,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"59 5","pages":"568-574"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hospital PharmacyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-04-27DOI: 10.1177/00185787241245914
Merrin Mathew, Rovin M Theempalangad, Juny Sebastian, M D Ravi
{"title":"Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura Following COVID-19 Vaccination (ChAdOx1 -nCov-19): A Case Report With OneYear Follow-Up.","authors":"Merrin Mathew, Rovin M Theempalangad, Juny Sebastian, M D Ravi","doi":"10.1177/00185787241245914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00185787241245914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP) is a hematological disorder, where its primary cause is unknown. This can be triggered through any secondary underlying diseases or other environmental agents such as drugs, vaccination, natural viral infections etc. After the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines, a 4-fold increase in ITP cases was observed globally. Many of the COVID-19 vaccines such as m-RNA and viral-vector vaccines already demonstrated a cause-effect relationship between the event of ITP and immunization. <b>Case presentation:</b> A 54 year old diabetic patient presented to the hospital with complaints of gum bleeding and fatigue. He was diagnosed with severe ITP following COVID-19 vaccination with a platelet count of 5000 cumm. Initially his condition was considered as idiopathic and the COVID-19 vaccine exposure (13 days prior to the clinical presentation) was not suspected. Later the immunization timeline and onset of the reaction was traced by his hematologist. The patient underwent multiple platelet transfusions and was given corticosteroid therapy. The patient was followed for a period of 1 year and throughout the follow-up period the patient had fluctuating platelets count, especially after tapering steroids. <b>Conclusion:</b> ITP in this case is found to have a consistent causal association to COVID-19 vaccination as per the World Health Organization Causality assessment algorithm and is categorized under vaccine product related reactions. One year follow-up conducted showed that the thrombocytopenia following COVID-19 vaccine may be prolonged.</p>","PeriodicalId":13002,"journal":{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy","volume":"59 5","pages":"552-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}