Hemoglobin最新文献

{"title":"Characterization and Confirmation of Mildly Unstable Hb Pontoise or α1 63(E12) Ala > Asp and Literature Review.","authors":"Bin Tang, Keyi Chen, Lihua Liang, Jie Li, Jicheng Wang, Tianwen He, Hao Guo","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2025.2451411","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03630269.2025.2451411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genotype-phenotype correlation and potential genetic risk in the compound heterozygosity for unstable hemoglobins (UHbs) and α⁰-thalassemia were discussed. Capillary electrophoresis and gene sequencing helped to establish the diagnosis. Hematological analysis showed the following findings: MCV 80.6 fL, MCH 27 pg, HGB 133 g/L, RBC 4.93 × 10¹²/L, Hb A: 94%, Hb X: 3.6% (zone 12) and Hb A₂: 2.4%. DNA analysis revealed the patient was a Hb Pontoise carrier (<i>HBA1</i>: c.191C > A). Hb Pontoise resulted from an GCC > GAC substitution at codon 63 of the <i>HBA1</i> genes, but carriers were usually asymptomatic or with only borderline hematological abnormalities. Due to mild instability of Hb Pontoise, its diagnosis relied on genetic diagnosis. Considering the high frequency of thalassemia in South China, accurate genotyping and appropriate genetic counseling should be performed for unstable hemoglobin carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":" ","pages":"26-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of Sickle Cell Disease, Awareness of Sickle Cell Trait Status and Its Impact on Relationships Among Students at a Historically Black College.","authors":"Zulikhat Segunmaru, Fatoumata Bayo, Achan J Tobias, La'Marcus T Wingate, Mary Awuonda, Rehab Alharbi, Salome Bwayo Weaver","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2446857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03630269.2024.2446857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sickle cell disease (SCD) primarily affects people of African American descent in the United States. Many individuals do not know their sickle cell trait (SCT) status or might not be aware of SCD. The purpose of this study was to assess SCD knowledge, awareness of SCT status, and its impact on relationships. A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2018 to June 2019 among students at a Historically Black College and University. Logistic regression was utilized to determine if the student's SCD knowledge and SCT status had a significant impact on the student's choice of relationships. A total of 203 students participated in the study. Most were female (60.1%) and African American (84.7%). The proportion of correct responses on individual questions within a SCD knowledge assessment ranged from 55.2% to 90.6%. Health professional students (Adjusted OR = 4.47; 95% CI = 1.18, 16.96; <i>p</i> = 0.028) and those with SCT (Adjusted OR = 13.00; 95% CI = 1.72, 98.39; p = 0.013) reported that their potential partner's SCT status would have an impact on their current and future relationships. A large number of students are not knowledgeable about SCD and few are aware of their SCT status.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":"49 1","pages":"20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a β-Globin Gene Mutation with the Genotype β-28(A > G), IVS-I-5(G > A)/βCD 71/72(+A) Using Third-Generation Sequencing.","authors":"Guang-Kuan Zeng, Yan-Fang Yang, Yi-Yuan Ge, Ying Yang, Bai-Ru Lai, Yan-Bin Cao, Xiao-Hua Yu, Li-Ye Yang","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2446371","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2446371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents the hematological and genetic analysis of a child with severe β-thalassemia harboring triple heterozygous mutations. The child, diagnosed with anemia at the age of 1 year, became transfusion-dependent and maintained a hemoglobin level of 72.00-84.00 g/L following regular blood transfusions. At the age of 9 years, genetic analysis was conducted using PCR-reverse dot blot (PCR-RDB), Sanger sequencing, and third-generation nanopore sequencing. Sanger sequencing identified a triple heterozygous mutation in the β-globin gene: -28(A > G) (<i>HBB</i>:c.-78A > G), IVS-I-5(G > A) (<i>HBB</i>:c0.92 + 5G > A), and CD 71/72(+A) (<i>HBB</i>:c.216_217insA). Nanopore sequencing further confirmed the genotype as β^{-28(A>G), IVS-I-5(G>A)}/β^{CD 71/72(+A)}. The combination of these mutations represents a rare β-thalassemia genotype in China, contributing to the β-globin gene mutation database for the Chinese population. This study highlights the importance of employing family analysis or third-generation sequencing technologies to clarify complex mutation linkages when Sanger sequencing alone cannot determine the relationship between multiple mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":" ","pages":"63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Most Common Types of 3.7 Kilobase Deletion in the Iranian Population.","authors":"Fatemeh Askarian-Sardari, Samin Esmaeilian, Zahra Hajimohammadi, Mina Hayat-Nosaeid, Parisa Haghpour, Morteza Karimipoor, Elham Davoudi-Dehaghani","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2435379","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2435379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 3.7 kb deletion is the most common known mutation in the α-globin gene cluster worldwide. The aim of this study is to investigate the most common types of 3.7 kb deletions in the Iranian population and, on the other hand, to compare the extent of deletion of the different reported types.</p><p><p>In this study, 50 Iranian α-thalassemia carriers in whom the 3.7 kb deletion had been previously identified by multiplex gap PCR, were further investigated by MLPA. A map of the region where the 3.7 kb deletion occurs was also created and the extents of the reported types were compared.</p><p><p>Approximately 90% of chromosomes with 3.7 kb deletion in this study had MLPA type D and 10% had MLPA type F. This study showed that subtype I of the 3.7 kb deletion reported by Higgs and his coworkers can be classified into at least 5 MLPA types.</p><p><p>The results of this study can be used to complete the information on the distribution of the 3.7 kb deletion subtypes in different populations. Investigation of further populations using higher resolution methods may lead to more information being obtained in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":" ","pages":"365-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142768558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Predictive of Poor Health-Related Quality of Life of Children with Sickle Cell Anemia in The Gambia.","authors":"Lamin Makalo, Samuel Ademola Adegoke, Stephen John Allen, Bankole Peter Kuti, Kalipha Kassama, Sheikh Joof, Mamadou Lamin Kijera, Bakary Sonko, Abdoulie Camara, Egbuna Olakunle Obidike","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2440030","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2440030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) experience recurrent vaso-occlusive crises and complications, significantly impacting their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study determined HRQoL in 130 children aged 5 -15 years with SCA in The Gambia, compared to 130 age- and sex-matched hemoglobin AA (HbAA) children. HRQoL was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), with scores below 69.7 defined as poor HRQoL. Predictors of poor HRQoL were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The mean ages of children with SCA and HbAA were similar (9.83 ± 2.79 years vs. 9.65 ± 2.84 years, <i>p</i> = 0.598), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1. SCA children showed significantly higher rates of underweight (<i>p</i> = 0.019) and stunting (<i>p</i> = 0.045) compared to HbAA children. HRQoL scores were significantly lower in the SCA group across physical, emotional, social, school, and overall domains (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A majority (57.7%) of SCA children had poor HRQoL. Key predictors of poor HRQoL among SCA children included frequent pain episodes (>3 episodes in the past 12 months; odds ratio [OR] = 1.9, <i>p</i> = 0.028), late diagnosis of SCA (OR = 1.8, <i>p</i> = 0.012), and clinical stroke (OR = 69.3, <i>p</i> = 0.037). This study demonstrates that SCA significantly reduces HRQoL in all domains. Early diagnosis, effective pain management, and prevention of complications like stroke are critical to improving outcomes. Tailored interventions are needed to mitigate the physical and psychosocial burdens of SCA among children in The Gambia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":" ","pages":"375-383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The First Compound Heterozygosity for Two Different α-Thalassemia Determinants Causes Hb Bart's Hydrops Fetalis in a Chinese Family.","authors":"Sisi Ning, Yunrong Qin, Yuling Xie, Yunning Liang, Yi Liang, Guanghong Wei, Yuping Zhang, Jinjie Pan, Yinghong Lu, Shiyan Liang, Ruofan Xu, Aiping Mao, Weiwu Liu","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2442641","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2442641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In southern China, α-thalassemia is the most prevalent hereditary monogenic disorder, and deletion variants are the predominant form. Conventional thalassemia diagnosis techniques are numerous, however they are all limited in their ability to detect rare deletions. Here, we discuss a family who sought genetic counseling during their fourth pregnancy after experiencing Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis in two of their previous pregnancies. To ascertain the thalassemia genotype, the family members underwent hematological testing, routine genetic analysis and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). The precise deletion locations could not be identified, while MLPA detected an unknown copy number variant. Lastly, a rare 11.1 kb deletion located in the <i>HBA</i> gene (Chr16: 170,832-182,004, GRch38/hg38) was directly identified by single-molecule real-time technology (SMRT) sequencing. Furthermore, we confirmed the compound heterozygosity of --^11.1 allele and --^SEA allele, which contributed to the explanation of the Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome in the fetuses from the second and third pregnancies. We have first verified a compound heterozygosity for --^11.1 allele and --^SEA allele. This study may provide a reference strategy for the discovery of rare and potentially novel thalassemia variants using a comprehensive method combining SMRT sequencing and conventional diagnostic technology, improving the accuracy and efficacy of thalassemia diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":" ","pages":"384-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Identification and the Hematological Findings of Four Novel Variants in Globin Genes in Jiangxi Province of Southern China.","authors":"Linglong Tan, Ting Huang, Laipeng Luo, Pengpeng Ma, Jia Liu, Jun Zou, Qing Lu, Yongyi Zou, Yanqiu Liu, Haiyan Luo, Bicheng Yang","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2438707","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2438707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemoglobin disorders are highly prevalent inherited hematological defects in Southern China. The identification of novel variants in globin genes and accurate assessment of hematological parameters play a crucial role in precise genetic counseling and clinical practice. Peripheral blood samples were collected for hematological analysis, including red blood cell and hemoglobin assessment, while serum ferritin levels were measured to detect iron depletion. Thalassemia carrier identification was conducted in four subjects admitted to Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital using next-generation sequencing and Gap-PCR due to the high prevalence of thalassemia in Jiangxi Province. The identified rare or novel small nucleotide variants were subsequently validated through Sanger sequencing. A total of four novel variants were identified incidentally in four unrelated subjects, including <i>HBA1</i>: c.300G > C (p.Lys100Asn)<i>, HBA2</i>: c.212T > A (p.Val71Glu), <i>HBB</i>: c.28T > A (p.Ser10Thr) and c.167T > C (p.Met56Thr). The proband carrying the c.212T > A and c.300G > C variants exhibited normal hematological findings, while capillary electrophoresis revealed the presence of abnormal hemoglobin fractions at 22.4% and 10.9%. The subjects with variant <i>HBB</i>: c.28T > A and c.167T > C all demonstrated normal hematological findings and normal hemoglobin fraction as determined by capillary electrophoresis or ion exchange high-resolution liquid chromatography (HPLC). The two variants exhibiting abnormal fractions of hemoglobin were designated as Hb Jiangxi (<i>HBA2</i>: c.212T > A) and Hb Fulton (<i>HBA1</i>: c.300G > C). Meanwhile, <i>HBB</i>: c.28T > A and <i>HBB</i>: c.167T > C were referred to as Hb Yichun and Hb Jinxian, respectively. We here reported four novel variants in globin genes and their hematological findings in for unrelated Chinese individuals in Southern China. Our research has expanded the existing genetic spectrum of globin genes and enhanced our understanding of the hematological profiles associated with variant hemoglobin.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":" ","pages":"369-374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic Analysis of the <i>HBA2</i>: C.95 G > A Mutation in China.","authors":"Jian-Lian Liang, Yi-Yuan Ge, Long-Xu Xie, Guang-Kuan Zeng, Xiao-Hua Yu, Yu-Wei Liao, Li-Li Liu, Yan-Bin Cao, Bai-Ru Lai, Yan-Qing Zeng, Yu-Chan Huang, Li-Ye Yang","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2424303","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2424303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to analyze the clinical phenotype of the <i>HBA2</i>: c.95G>A mutation in the Chinese population and to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 16 patients, including 6 newborns, 2 children, and 8 adults. Hematological parameters and hemoglobin electrophoresis were analyzed, and genotypes were identified using methods such as PCR combined with reverse dot blot (RDB), nested PCR, gap polymerase chain reaction (Gap-PCR), and DNA sequencing. The results showed that 10 patients had mild anemia, 2 had moderate anemia, and 12 exhibited microcytic hypochromic features with MCV values ranging from 53 to 74.7 fl and MCH values from 16.2 to 25.4 pg. Additionally, 3 cases displayed obvious HbH + HbBarts bands (>15%). Among the 16 cases, various combinations of the <i>HBA2</i>: c.95G>A mutation were observed: one case had -α^3.7 combined with <i>HBA2</i>: c.95G>A, another had -α^4.2 combined with <i>HBA2</i>: c.95G>A, and five had -^SEA combined with <i>HBA2</i>: c.95G>A, while the remaining cases were <i>HBA2</i>: c.95G>A heterozygotes. The study concludes that the <i>HBA2</i>: c.95G>A mutation in the α2 globin gene causes α+ thalassemia. When this mutation is combined with the Southeast Asian deletion (-^SEA), it results in HbH disease, characterized by moderate microcytic hypochromic anemia and the presence of HbH + HbBarts bands.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":" ","pages":"329-332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existing Tubular Injury in β-Thalassemia Major Patients Receiving Iron Chelating Agents with Normal Creatinine Level in East Java, Indonesia.","authors":"Pradana Zaky Romadhon, Ami Ashariati, Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho Bintoro, Satriyo Dwi Suryantoro, Choirina Windradi, Bagus Aulia Mahdi, Krisnina Nurul Widyastuti, Etha Dini Widiasi, Kartika Prahasanti, Aditea Etnawati Putri, Narazah Mohammad Yusoff","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2414102","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2414102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients suffering from thalassemia are recipients of routine transfusions leading to hemosiderosis. Taking iron chelating agents is mandatory. Several studies have shown different results regarding the occurrence of kidney complications in thalassemia patients who received iron-chelating agents. In this study, we were looking for kidney complications by examining human NAG urine/serum and NGAL urine/serum in thalassemia community in East Java community. The study was conducted cross-sectionally in the thalassemia community in East Java with a total sample of 91 patients aged 13-48 years. All thalassemia patients filled in demographic data, transfusion routines, duration of taking iron chelating agents, and length of time diagnosed with thalassemia. Laboratory tests included routine blood tests for ferritin, ureum, serum creatinine, human NAG urine or serum, and human NGAL urine or serum. Comparison tests (<i>t</i>-test, Mann-Whitney, and ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis) were conducted to see if there were significant differences in the levels of human NAG urine and human NGAL urine serum based on age, sex, blood group, duration of transfusion, routine of transfusion, duration of taking iron chelating agents, and types of iron chelating drugs. Multivariate analysis was conducted to see whether some of these categories were related to abnormalities in human NAG urine or serum and human NGAL urine or serum. All 91 patients had normal creatinine values, yet some had abnormal serum NAG. There is a significant difference in urine human NAG and urine human NGAL levels at ages over 23 years (<i>p</i> = 0.05 and <i>p</i> = 0.01). Significant differences in human NGAL serum were also found in working and student patients (<i>p</i> = 0.028). Serum NGAL also differed in those taking deferasirox (<i>p</i> = 0.030) and significantly different human NGAL urine was also found in iron overload status (Ferritin ≥ 1000 ng.ml) (<i>p</i> = 0.006). There is no difference between human NAG urine/serum and human NGAL urine/serum based on sex, body mass index, blood type, hemoglobin less than 10 g/dl, routine transfusion once a month, duration of using iron chelation for more than 10 years, or splenomegaly status (splenomegaly, splenectomy, or no splenomegaly). The multivariate logistic regression results showed that age above 23 was a factor associated with abnormal urine human NAG levels (aOR = 3.79, 95% CI = 1.08-13.28). Students (aOR = 4.89, 95% CI = 1.48-16.16) with ages above 23 years (aOR = 3.69, 95% CI = 1.09-12.43) showed higher risk for an abnormal serum human NGAL levels. Patients with beta-thalassemia major exhibit noticeable tubular damage. Further research is encouraged to determine other factors behind tubular damage in the thalassemia community, particularly in Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":" ","pages":"301-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on Prevention of Hemoglobinopathies in Azerbaijan.","authors":"Tahira Mammadova, Chingiz Asadov, Zohra Alimirzoyeva, Eldar Abdulalimov, Gunay Aliyeva","doi":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2427189","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03630269.2024.2427189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary hemoglobinopathies, particularly β-thalassemia, are highly prevalent in Azerbaijan, posing a significant public health challenge. In response, the Azerbaijani government implemented a national prevention program that includes mandatory premarital screening and prenatal diagnosis for at-risk couples, aiming to mitigate the impact of these diseases. This report covers the first five years of the program, beginning in 2015. Among 287 identified at-risk couples, 271 fetal samples were analyzed, revealing that 148 were carriers, 63 were affected, and 60 were unaffected. In nearly all cases, affected pregnancies were terminated. The most common mutations detected were Codon 8 [-AA], IVS-II-1 [G > A], and IVS-I-110 [G > A] in the <i>HBB</i> gene. Since the program's inception, the birth rate of affected children has significantly decreased, making this established approach a valuable model for other regions facing similar challenges with autosomal recessive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12997,"journal":{"name":"Hemoglobin","volume":" ","pages":"353-356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}