Head & Face Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Amphiregulin promotes activated regulatory T cell-suppressive function via the AREG/EGFR pathway in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Hang Li, Ruihua Fang, Renqiang Ma, Yudong Long, Rui He, Huanhuan Lyu, Lin Chen, Yihui Wen","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00466-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00466-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Activated regulatory T cells (aTregs) play a vital role in promoting a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). However, the regulatory factors that induce the generation of aTregs are not clear. Herein, we investigated the effect of amphiregulin (AREG) on the production of aTregs in the tumor microenvironment of LSCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was conducted to examine the expression of AREG and FOXP3, and their association with clinical parameters and patient outcomes was demonstrated. The expression level of EGFRs in three functional subsets of Tregs was assessed, and the induction of CD4⁺ T cells into aTregs in the presence or absence of AREG or Gefitinib was analyzed using flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed a higher expression level of AREG was significantly related to advanced clinical stage and worse survival, particularly with increased infiltration of Tregs in LSCC tumor tissue. The in vitro study showed that AREG significantly promoted the differentiation of aTregs, and enhanced the inhibitory effect of Tregs on T cell proliferation, which could be reversed by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. In addition, we found that EGFR was highly expressed in aTregs, but not in other subsets of Tregs. It is suggested that AREG might induce aTregs, and enhance the immunosuppressive function of Tregs via the AREG/EGFR signal pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, this study revealed the role and mechanism of AREG in negative immune regulation, and targeting AREG might be a novel immunotherapy for LSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11515249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine pulp extracellular matrix hydrogel for regenerative endodontic applications: in vitro characterization and in vivo analysis in a necrotic tooth model.","authors":"Hisham Elnawam, Abdelrahman Thabet, Ahmed Mobarak, Nesma Mohamed Khalil, Amr Abdallah, Samir Nouh, Rania Elbackly","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00460-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13005-024-00460-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) offer the promise of restoring vitality and function to a previously necrotic and infected tooth. However, the nature of regenerated tissues following REPs remains unpredictable and uncontrollable. Decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds have gained recent attention as scaffolds for regenerative endodontics.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Preparation and characterization of a bovine dental pulp-derived extracellular matrix (P-ECM) hydrogel for regenerative endodontic applications. Biocompatibility and regenerative capacity of the prepared scaffold were evaluated in vivo in a canine animal model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen freshly extracted bovine molar teeth were used to prepare P-ECM hydrogels following approval of the institutional review board of the faculty of dentistry, Alexandria University. Decellularization and lyophilization of the extracted pulp tissues, DNA quantification and histological examination of decellularized P-ECM were done. P-ECM hydrogel was prepared by digestion of decellularized pulps. Prepared scaffolds were evaluated for protein content and release as well as release of VEGF, bFGF, TGF-β1 and BMP2 using ELISA. Rabbit dental pulp stem cells' (rDPSCs) viability in response to P-ECM hydrogels was performed. Finally, proof-of-concept of the regenerative capacity of P-ECM scaffolds was assessed in an infected mature canine tooth model following REPs versus blood clot (BC), injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) or hyaluronic acid (HA). Statistical analysis was done using independent t test, the Friedman test and chi-square tests (p value ≤ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DNA was found to be below the cut-off point (50 ng/mg tissue). Histological evaluation revealed absence of nuclei, retention of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen content, respectively. P-ECM hydrogel had a total protein content of (493.12 µg/µl) and protein release was detected up to 14 days. P-ECM hydrogel also retained VEGF, bFGF, TGF-β1 and BMP2. P-ECM hydrogel maintained the viability of rDPSCs as compared to cells cultured under control conditions. P-ECM hydrogel triggered more organized tissues compared to BC, i-PRF and HA when used in REPs for necrotic mature teeth in dogs. Periapical inflammation was significantly less in HA and P-ECM groups compared to blood-derived scaffolds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bovine dental pulp-derived extracellular matrix (P-ECM) hydrogel scaffold retained its bioactive properties and demonstrated a promising potential in regenerative endodontic procedures compared to conventional blood-derived scaffolds.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11494807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dentofacial and skeletal effects of two orthodontic maxillary protraction protocols: bone anchors versus facemask.","authors":"Maike Tabellion, Jörg Alexander Lisson","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00462-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13005-024-00462-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maxillary retrognathia and/or mandibular prognathia are resulting in class III malocclusion. Regarding orthodontic class III malocclusion treatment, the literature reports several treatment approaches. This comparative clinical study investigated two maxillary protraction protocols including bone anchors and Delaire type facemask.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cephalometric radiographs of n = 31 patients were used for data acquisition. The patients were divided into two groups according to their treatment protocol: bone anchored protraction (n = 12, 8 female, 4 male; mean age 11.00 ± 1.76 years; average application: 13.50 ± 5.87 months) and facemask protraction (n = 19, 11 female, 8 male; mean age 6.74 ± 1.15 years; average application: 9.95 ± 4.17 months). The evaluation included established procedures for measurements of the maxilla, mandibula, incisor inclination and soft tissue. Statistics included Shapiro-Wilk- and T-Tests for the radiographs. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cephalometric analysis showed differences among the two groups. SNA angle showed significant improvements during protraction with bone anchors (2.30 ± 1.18°) with increase in the Wits appraisal of 2.01 ± 2.65 mm. SNA angle improved also during protraction with facemask (1.22 ± 2.28°) with increase in the Wits appraisal of 1.85 ± 4.09 mm. Proclination of maxillary incisors was larger in patients with facemask (3.35 ± 6.18°) and ML-SN angle increased more (1.05 ± 1.51°) than in patients with bone anchors. Loosening rate of bone anchors was 14.58%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both treatment protocols led to correction of a class III malocclusion. However, this study was obtained immediately after protraction treatment and longitudinal observations after growth spurt will be needed to verify the treatment effects over a longer period. The use of skeletal anchorage for maxillary protraction reduces unwanted side effects and increases skeletal effects needed for class III correction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11487849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper airways changes associated with orthodontic molar distalization by Pendulum appliance in adolescent patients: a multicenter retrospective cephalometric study.","authors":"Marco Serafin, Gero Kinzinger, Jan Hourfar, Valentina Mantellini, Rosamaria Fastuca, Alberto Caprioglio","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00461-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00461-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this multicenter retrospective study was to perform a two-dimensional analysis of upper airway changes in adolescent patients following molar distalization with the Pendulum appliance.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study involved the cephalometric analysis of 88 patients, retrospectively categorized into two groups: skeletal Class II with a dental Class II molar relationship (36 patients, mean age 12.6 ± 1.1 years) and skeletal Class I with a dental Class II molar relationship (54 patients, mean age 12.3 ± 1.2 years). Changes were observed using lateral radiographs before (T0) and after Pendulum appliance removal (T1); treatment time averaged 7 months. Upper airways were subsequently analyzed by tracing lateral radiographs. The Shapiro-Wilk test showed a normal distribution of the data, therefore parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. Intragroup changes between T0 and T1 were evaluated using paired t-tests, and intergroup differences were assessed using independent student t-tests; statistical significance was set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant differences were observed in the skeletal measurements that characterized both groups, particularly in ANB and Wits appraisal, at T0 (P < 0.001). After molar distalization, Class I and Class II groups reported no statistically significant differences with changes almost equal to zero between timepoints (P > 0.05). Additionally, intergroup comparisons of airway changes at T1 did not show statistically significant differences (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Pendulum appliance does not significantly change the upper airway dimensions in Class I and Class II malocclusion patients, thereby minimizing potential respiratory risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11481436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors for prolonged and escalated perioperative antibiotic therapy after microvascular head and neck reconstruction: a comprehensive analysis of 446 cases.","authors":"Johannes G Schuderer, Florian Hoferer, Jonas Eichberger, Mathias Fiedler, André Gessner, Florian Hitzenbichler, Maximilian Gottsauner, Michael Maurer, Johannes K Meier, Torsten E Reichert, Tobias Ettl","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00463-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13005-024-00463-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Literature suggests that intravenous prophylaxis exceeding 48 h offers no additional benefit in preventing surgical site infections (SSI) in patients with microvascular head and neck reconstruction. However, protocols for antibiotic therapy duration post-reconstruction are not standardized. This study identifies factors predicting prolonged intravenous antibiotic use and antibiotic escalation in patients receiving free flap head neck reconstruction. A retrospective analysis of 446 patients receiving free flap reconstruction was conducted, examining predictors for antibiotic therapy > 10 days and postoperative escalation. 111 patients (24.8%) experienced escalation, while 159 patients (35.6%) received prolonged therapy. Multivariate regression analysis revealed predictors for escalation: microvascular bone reconstruction (p = 0.008, OR = 2.0), clinically suspected SSI (p < 0.001, OR = 5.4), culture-positive SSI (p = 0.03, OR = 2.9), extended ICU stay (p = 0.01, OR = 1.1) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (p = 0.01, OR = 5.9). Prolonged therapy was associated with bone reconstruction (p = 0.06, OR = 2.0), preoperative irradiation (p = 0.001, OR = 1.9) and culture-positive SSI (p < 0.001, OR = 3.5). The study concludes that SSIs are a primary factor driving the escalation of perioperative antibiotic use. Clinical suspicion of infection often necessitates escalation, even in the absence of confirmed microbiological evidence. Microvascular bone reconstruction was a significant predictor for both the escalation and extension of antibiotic therapy beyond 10 days. Furthermore, preoperative radiation therapy, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and prolonged ICU stay were associated with an increased likelihood of escalation, resulting in significantly extended antibiotic administration during hospitalization. Antibiotic stewardship programmes must be implemented to reduce postoperative antibiotic administration time.Trial registration The study was registered approved by the local Ethics Committee (Nr: 18-1131-104).</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Favourable dentoalveolar changes after lower premolar extractions for Class III camouflage with completely customized lingual appliances.","authors":"Lea C Thiem, Per Rank, Jonas Q Schmid, Yann Janssens, Lara Bettenhäuser-Hartung, Dirk Wiechmann","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00459-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00459-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the investigation was to evaluate if the inclination of the lower anterior teeth can be controlled reliably after lower premolar extraction for Class III camouflage treatment with completely customized lingual appliances (CCLAs). Treatment outcome was tested against the null hypothesis that lower premolar extractions for non-surgical camouflage treatment of a Class III malocclusion will lead to further compensation by retroclining mandibular incisors during CCLA treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 25 patients (f/m 12/13; mean age 20.7 years, SD 9.5 years) with uni- or bilateral Class III molar relationship and a Wits value of ≤ -2 mm. In all consecutively debonded patients, lower premolars were extracted to correct the sagittal relationship with a non-surgical camouflage approach. Lateral head films prior to (T1) and at the end of lingual orthodontic treatment (T2) were used to evaluate skeletal and dentoalveolar effects. A paired t-test with alpha = 5% was used to define differences between the endpoints. The linear correlation between the inclination of the mandibular incisors at T1 and the achieved correction was measured with the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC). A Schuirmann's TOST equivalence test was used to check if the final lower incisor inclination was within the defined norms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The null hypothesis was rejected as the mean lower incisor inclination was improved by 1.8° despite lower premolar extractions (T1: 86.8°/ T2: 88.6°). There was a strong correlation (-0.75) between the lower incisor inclination at T1 and the achieved correction indicating a controlled correction towards the norm regardless of the initial incisor position. At T2, the interincisal angle as well as the lower incisor inclination were within the norm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower premolar extractions for non-surgical camouflage treatment of a Class III malocclusion will not lead to undesired retroclining of mandibular incisors during CCLA treatment even in severe cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11468468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel 3D multimodal fusion imaging surgical guidance in microvascular decompression for primary trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm.","authors":"Xiaolin Hou, Ru Xiang Xu, Jing Tang, Cheng Yin","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00442-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00442-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurovascular compression (NVC) is a primary etiology of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and hemifacial spasm (HFS). Despite Magnetic Resonance Tomographic Angiography (MRTA) being a useful tool for 3D multimodal fusion imaging (MFI) in microvascular decompression (MVD) surgery planning, it may not visualize smaller arterial vessels and veins effectively. We validate a novel computed tomography angiography and venography (CTA/V) - diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) -3D-MFI to enhance the MVD surgical guidance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, 80 patients with unilateral primary TN or HFS who underwent MVD surgery were included. Imaging was conducted using CTA/V-DTT-3D-MFI compared with CT-MRTA-3D-MFI in predicting the responsible vessel and assessing the severity of NVC. Surgical outcomes were subsequently analyzed. Neurosurgery residents were provided with questionnaires to evaluate and compare the two approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CTA/V-DTT-3D-MFI significantly improved accuracy in identifying the responsible vessel (kappa = 0.954) and NVC (kappa = 0.969) compared to CT-MRTA-3D-MFI, aligning well with surgical findings. CTA/V-DTT-3D-MFI also exhibited higher sensitivity in identifying responsible vessels (98.0%) and NVC (98.7%) than CT-MRTA-3D-MFI. Additionally, CTA/V-DTT-3D-MFI showed fewer complications, shorter operation times, and lower recurrence after one year (all p < 0.05). Resident neurosurgeons emphasized that CTA/V-DTT-3D-MFI greatly assisted in formulating precise surgical strategies for more accurate identification and protection of responsible vessels and nerves (all p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CTA/V-DTT-3D-MFI enhances MVD surgery guidance, improving accuracy in identifying responsible vessels and NVC for better outcomes. This advanced imaging plays a crucial role in safer and more effective MVD surgery, as well as in training neurosurgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in soft tissue dimensions following horizontal guided bone regeneration with a split-thickness flap design - evaluation of 8 cases with a digital method.","authors":"Kristof Somodi, Andrea Dobos, Ferenc Bartha, Eleonora Solyom, Peter Windisch, Daniel Palkovics, Balint Molnar","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00456-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13005-024-00456-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peri-implant soft tissue corrections are often indicated following alveolar ridge augmentation, due to the distortion of the keratinized mucosa at the area of augmentation. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the dimensional soft tissue changes following horizontal guided bone regeneration (GBR) utilizing 3D digital data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>8 mandibular surgical sites with horizontal alveolar ridge deficiencies were treated utilizing a resorbable collagen membrane and a split-thickness flap design. Baseline and 6-month follow-up cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were reconstructed as 3D virtual models and were superimposed with the corresponding intraoral scan. Linear changes of supracrestal vertical- horizontal soft tissue alterations were measured in relation to the alveolar crest at the mesial- middle- and distal aspect of the surgical area. Soft tissue dimensions were measured at baseline and at 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperative supracrestal soft tissue height measured midcrestally averaged at 2.37 mm ± 0.68 mm, 2.37 mm ± 0.71 mm and 2.64 mm ± 0.87 mm at the mesial-, middle- and distal planes. Whereas postoperative supracrestal soft tissue height was measured at 2.62 mm ± 0.72 mm, 2.67 mm ± 0.67 mm and 3.69 mm ± 1.02 mm at the mesial, middle and distal planes, respectively. Supracrestal soft tissue width changed from 2.14 mm ± 0.72 mm to 2.47 mm ± 0.46 mm at the mesial, from 1.72 mm ± 0.44 mm to 2.07 mm ± 0.67 mm and from 2.15 mm ± 0.36 mm to 2.36 mm ± 0.59 mm at the mesial, middle and distal planes, respectively. Additionally the buccal horizontal displacement of supracrestal soft tissues could be observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study did not report significant supracrestal soft tissue reduction following horizontal GBR with a split-thickness flap. Even though there was a slight increase in both vertical and horizontal dimensions, differences are clinically negligible.</p><p><strong>Trail registration: </strong>The trail was approved by the U.S. National Library of Medicine ( www.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov ); trial registration number: NCT05538715; registration date: 09/09/2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early recurrence as a pivotal event in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: identifying predictors and key molecular signals for survivors.","authors":"Ying Li, Zongwei Huang, Ximing Zeng, Yuhui Pan, Lishui Wu, Jing Wang, Ronghui Chen, Yingjie Xie, Jinghua Lai, Duanyu Lin, Sufang Qiu","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00457-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13005-024-00457-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The duration of response to treatment is a significant prognostic indicator, with early recurrence (ER) often predicting poorer survival outcomes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) survivors. This study seeks to elucidate the factors contributing to the onset of ER following radiotherapy in NPC survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This investigation encompassed 2,789 newly diagnosed NPC patients who underwent radical intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was employed to evaluate the independent predictors of earlier recurrence. A machine learning-based prediction model of NPC recurrence patterns was developed. Tumorous RNA-sequencing (in-house cohort: N = 192) and biological tipping point analysis were utilized to infer potential molecular mechanisms associated with ER.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrated that ER within 24 months post-initial treatment was the optimal time frame for identifying early malignant progression in NPC survivors. The ER cohort (150 of 2,789, 5.38%) exhibited a notably short median overall survival of 48.6 months. Multivariate analyses revealed that male gender, T4 stage, local or regional residual disease, detectable pre- and post-radiotherapy EBV DNA, and the absence of induction chemotherapy were significant predictors of earlier recurrence. The machine learning-based predictive model further underscored the importance of tumor-related factors in NPC recurrence. Moreover, ER emerged as a pivotal stage in NPC progression, with 15 critical transition signals identified potentially associated with the negative modulation of the immune response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our comprehensive analysis of NPC recurrence patterns has unveiled insights into the key factors driving ER and provided novel insights into potential early warning biomarkers and the mechanisms underlying NPC progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological CBCT parameters for an accurate differentiation between nasopalatine duct cyst and the normal nasopalatine canal.","authors":"Aleksa Janovic, Djurdja Bracanovic, Svetlana Antic, Biljana Markovic-Vasiljkovic","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00458-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13005-024-00458-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incisive foramen width was a traditional imaging criterion for diagnosing nasopalatine duct (NPD) cysts. Recent CBCT studies demonstrated significant dimensional variations of the nasopalatine canal, which raised questions about the accuracy of this criterion. This study investigated whether nasopalatine canal diameters assessed on CBCT images can accurately differentiate NPD cysts from normal nasopalatine canals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 19 patients with NPD cysts (12 (63.2%) males, 7 (36.8%) females, mean age 44.7 ± 13.3), and a control group of 164 patients (72 (43.9%) males, 92 (56.1%) females, mean age 47.25 ± 17.74). CBCT images were retrospectively evaluated. The following nasopalatine canal diameters were measured on reference sagittal, coronal, and axial reformation images: nasal opening anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) diameter, oral opening AP (APOO) and ML (MLOO) diameter, nasopalatine canal length, minimum ML (minML) diameter, anterior wall expansion (AWE), nasopalatine canal angle, and the mid-level AP diameter (midAP). All parameters were compared between groups. Discriminant functional analysis (DFA) was applied to detect CBCT parameters that best differentiate the NPD cyst from the normal canal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with NPD cyst had significantly greater values of APOO (7.06 ± 2.09 vs. 5.61 ± 1.70), MLOO (6.89 ± 2.95 vs. 3.48 ± 1.24), minML (2.88 ± 1.53 vs. 2.25 ± 1.09), AWE (2.15 ± 0.65 vs. 0.41 ± 0.67), and midAP (4.58 ± 1.61 vs. 2.48 ± 0.96). DFA showed MLOO, AWE, and midAP as the most accurate in distinguishing NPD cyst from the normal canal. When combined in the discriminant function equation X = 0.390·MLOO + 1.010·AWE + 0.288·midAP (cut score 1.669), the differentiation can be performed with a sensitivity and specificity of 98.8% and 76.9%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NPD cysts can be accurately distinguished from the normal nasopalatine canal by measuring MLOO, AWE, and midAP diameter on CBCT images.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}