Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of seaport bulk cargo warehouse capacity by using simulation modeling","authors":"A. Kuznetsov, A. Galin, S. Valkova, A. Sampiev","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-82-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-82-89","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the regulatory documents governing the rules and regulations for the design of commercial ports and terminals. It has been shown that the logic of creating the current design standards does not meet the modern requirements for the design of ports and terminals, since the concept of a standard time margin is not disclosed in the documents, and its relation with a uniform operation of railway transport, which does not depend on the approach of ships or irregular navigation, is not given. It appears that all the considerations given in the norms refer only to that component of the storage volume that ensures uninterrupted service for ships at berth, i.e. makes up the technological volume of warehousing. The rear front in this case ensures the continuous maintenance of the reserve at a level that excludes failure handling the vessel. It is obvious that using the existing standards leads to constructing the excessive transshipment capacities, increasing cost of the project and a longer payback period. At the same time, practice shows that the volume of cargo stored in a warehouse is mostly determined by the irregularity of ship arrival. It is advisable to use simulation tools to calculate the storage capacity. Using the simulation method provides a more accurate analysis of the required cargo capacity of the warehouse, and helps avoid additional costs, which ultimately has a positive effect on the competitiveness of the projected cargo port.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127228827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"System of providing safe navigation","authors":"V. A. Sibilev","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-16-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-16-24","url":null,"abstract":"Safety is an important condition for effective navigation. The prescriptive approach to navigational safety currently used in the global maritime industry is based on many years of experience and the results of the investigation of ship accidents and the improvement of existing guidelines and regulations. There exist a great number of research works, scientific articles, legislative acts, manuals and recommendations on maritime safety, but they are characterized by the pronounced heterogeneity and based on different assumptions and foundations. This phenomenon of heterogeneity and inconsistency is associated with the lack of a single legislative definition that reflects all aspects of safety in maritime transport. The term “security aspect” refers to one of the sides of the object under consideration, a point of view. Of particular relevance is a holistic description of the term of safety in the maritime industry, which will eliminate discrepancies and will help clarify the current terms related to maritime safety. The analysis of guiding documents on the navigation safety and systematization of the terminological apparatus were carried out. After the adoption of the International Safety Management Code all activities related to navigation safety have been transferred to a higher quality level. The search for and development of new approaches and methods for preventing ship accidents during their operation are becoming increasingly important. Today, the concept of maritime security is not formed and is not described sufficiently. The relationship between the concepts of safe navigation and navigational security is considered. The concept of a navigational safety system is proposed.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132943960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using empirical methods of perception in process of physical phenomenon concept making for students of engineering and technical specialities and directions","authors":"Alla Victorovna Revina","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-105-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-105-112","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of young specialists to quickly adapt to production and emerge into the general engineering process is one of the main requirements of employers for graduates of the higher educational institutions today in the development of modern society. In the higher technical school there is stated the urgency of raising the level of education in order to find the most optimal ways of improving the quality of acquiring fundamental knowledge, practical skills and abilities necessary the future graduates in their professional activities, which is regulated in the new Federal State Educational Standards. It has been found necessary to set a goal of organizing the educational process, the main component of which would be the professionally oriented activity of students. Then it becomes obvious that the process of perception is directly related to the developing the reality, accumulation and comprehension of data obtained during the interaction of the student with the environment. In accordance with generally accepted ideas in the scientific world, which correlate with the epistemological concept of cognizability of the world, the knowledge acquired by a person must undergo a test in the realities of practical activity. Based on the experience of working in the higher education system, it has been inferred that for students of a higher technical school it is especially important not only to test the theoretical knowledge gained by experience, but also to gain new knowledge in the learning process based on experimental data and possible further application of gained experience in professionally oriented activities.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128022971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying fictive points as material objects in invention rights: case of RF patent prosecution for invention N. 2737595","authors":"P. Bimberekov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-25-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-25-33","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of record-keeping on the application for the invention, it was necessary to substantiate the possibility of identifying the fictive points of point sources of pressure of wave systems from a moving or streamlined object on the boundary (or close to the boundary) of media as material objects. It is known that in the paradigm of patent offices a lack of materiality implies a lack of technical result, which in turn opposes a positive decision to grant a patent for an invention of the Russian Federation and/or another internationally recognized patent office. To prove the materiality of the fictive points stipulated in the claimed decision and explained in the article there were analyzed some well-known technical solutions already protected by the patents for inventions of the Russian Federation. Technical solutions were taken into consideration to find the fictive points that are widely used in practice: the center of gravity of the object, the center of the submerged volume and the metacenter, as well as the value representing the distance between the fictive points, namely a metacentric height (elevation of the fictive point metacenter above the fictive point center of gravity). The validity of the procedures proposed in the application is justified by their publication in a series of articles in a peer-reviewed scientific journal recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission of Russia for ship-oriented publications. As a result of the paperwork, understanding was reached on this issue between the expertise and the author, a “fictive point” position was included in the title of the issued security document.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126503588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of cylinder-piston group resource of marine ICEs using lubricant compositions","authors":"V. A. Chanchikov, I. N. Guzhvenko, Nina Vladimirovna Pryamuhina, Mariya Sergeevna Pryamukhina, O. Kovalev","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-69-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-69-76","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of a model experimental study of the resource of the mating parts “piston ring - cylinder liner” of a marine diesel engine. A medium-speed trunk engine 6Ch36/45 of medium boost was chosen as a real diesel engine under study. An experimental study was carried out by using an antiwear additive containing molybdenum diselenide MoSe2 to a lubricating oil similar to that used in a circulating lubrication system. The studies are supplemented by a calculation model of the resource of the mating parts “piston ring - cylinder liner” followed by a comparison of the calculated values with the obtained experimental data. The following parameters mainly influence the resource of the selected tribological mating: the contact pressure of rubbing surfaces, the additive concentration in the oil, the shelf life of the additive before it is added to the oil without mixing it. The life tests of the parts of the “piston ring - cylinder liner” mating of a marine diesel engine made it possible to identify the effective concentration of the additive in oil by the formula Ci = 0.5÷1.0 vol. %. The resource of parts of the friction pair “piston ring - cylinder liner” increases by 1.28÷1.67 times in relation to the standard parameters of the 6Ch36/45 diesel engine. Non-compliance with the storage conditions of the additive before adding it to the oil can reduce the resource performance relative to the normative standards for of this diesel engine by 1.7÷3.45 times. It has been proved that the developed mathematical model of the service life of the parts that make up the tribological mating “piston ring - cylinder liner” has a high convergence (relative error 0.5÷5%) with the results of the experiment on the physical model of the studied friction pair “piston ring-cylinder liner”. There has been studied the influence of the volume concentration Ci of an antiwear additive on the calculated and experimental indicators of the marine diesel engine resource, the optimal value of which should not be lower than 1.0%, while the value of the contact pressure in the friction pair is up to 1.0 MPa, the time of preliminary storage of the additive is no longer than 36 hours. It has been recommended to apply the developed mathematical model to estimate the resource of the friction pair “piston ring - cylinder liner” for high- and medium-speed internal combustion engines.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127252240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing operability of silicone dampers of torsional vibrations in marine internal combustion engines based on results of Testing Center Marine Technology Service","authors":"A. D. Ibadullaev, Konstantin Olegovich Sibryaev, Aleksandr Sergeevich Stukalov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-60-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-60-68","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the analysis results of changes in the operability of silicone dampers of torsional vibrations of marine diesel engines on the basis of practical measurements carried out by the Testing Center Marine Technology Service under the Astrakhan State Technical University (TC MTS). TC MTS is accredited by the Russian classification society - the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RMRS) in the field of calculation and measurement of torsional vibrations. During its functioning (2001 – to date) the TC MTS has conducted torsiographing procedures of the machine-propulsion systems (MPS) of more than 200 vessels. The large amount of data obtained makes it possible to assess the dynamics of changes in the parameters of torsional vibrations, including amplitude and frequency, according to the results of periodic torsiographing the ship MPS. A change in the technical condition of the torsional vibration damper (a decrease in the efficiency of its operation) and the lack of its constant monitoring lead to the increasing stresses in the ship shaft line and, as a result, to a growing risk of its breakdown, which confirms the urgency of the study. There are given the images as real examples of ship operation failure: Aratere ship shaft fracture, damper mass wedging due to silicone fluid leakage, silicone fluid viscosity increasing to suspension state due to wear products, wear of silicone damper flyweight surfaces, silicone damper body wear. The Hasse & Wrede damper cap fastening with bolts is illustrated.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123238379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods of purifying oily water","authors":"V. A. Chernov, D. I. Bevza, Oleg Petrovich Shuraev, Aleksander Gennadievich Chichurin","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-50-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-50-59","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes currently used methods of cleaning ship oil-containing waters and suggests a new method of their disposal. There are shown the specific features of the composition and properties of oil-containing waters, current requirements for the purification of oil-containing waters depending on the areas of operation of the vessel. The main reasons for oily waters emerging are given, as well as the main factors affecting the formation of oily waters on ships. A picture of a water-fuel emulsion under a microscope is illustrated. There are analyzed the methods of oil-containing water purification used on ships, their advantages and disadvantages. There is given a particular description of water purification methods: mechanical purification (straining, settling, centrifugation), physico-chemical purification (adsorption, coalescence, flotation), chemical purification (ozonation, electrochemical purification), biological purification and the method of thermal neutralization (wet burning, fire neutralization). There is presented one of the methods of mechanical wastewater treatment, namely, a scheme for primary treatment of oily waters using a grate, when the oily waters pass through numerous holes and are separated from foreign objects and large solid inclusions. Another example of mechanical wastewater treatment is the design of a clarifier with inclined plates through which the water flow passes along the plates and is divided into layers, which restrains mixing and facilitates settling oil products. A diagram of a coalescing filter (physico-chemical cleaning method) is also presented and its advantages are described. The comparative characteristics of the methods of utilization and neutralization of oily waters are given. Special attention is paid to the development and improvement of the technology of thermal neutralization of ship oil-containing waters. A method of utilization of oily waters by the heat of ship diesel exhaust gases is proposed.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123806903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of caprolone stern-shaft bearings on propeller shaft operation","authors":"A. Khalyavkin, M. V. Starkova, V. Bondarenko, V. Gordon, V. Mamontov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-7-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-7-15","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the conditions for reliability of the ship rudder-propeller complex, whose operation depends on the status of the stern bearings of the ship shafting. Stern bearings are plain bearings located in the vessel's stern tube, they support the propeller shaft of the ship’s shafting. The stern tube is similar for all types of ships, inside which there are located the bearings and a sealing device that prevents ingress of outboard water inside the vessel. It is pointed out that the stern bearings made of caprolone have certain advantages over other traditionally used materials. The numerical values of the main parameters of caprolone stern bearings are presented on the basis of normative and regulatory documents. It is stated that physical and mechanical properties of caprolone in almost all respects are higher than those of other materials currently used for this purpose. Along with strength and high load capacity, caprolone has a low friction coefficient (0.04-0.08). To study the contact of the propeller shaft with the stern bearing there is considered a design diagram (a beam resting on an elastic base with a stiffness coefficient k). The stiffness coefficient of the elastic foundation characterizes the elastic and mechanical properties of the stern bearing. It is proved that caprolone used in stern bearings allows increasing the reliability of the ship’s shafting by full contact with the propeller shaft, reducing vibration and noise, resisting the erosion wear, and increasing safety","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121896015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of harmful discharges into hydrosphere from Yanmar D27 diesel outboard motor","authors":"M. Pokusaev, A. Khmelnitskaya, K. Khmelnitsky, Maxim Michailovich Gorbachev, E. G. Ilyina","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-34-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-34-39","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the necessity of studying the atmosphere and hydrosphere pollution due to the operation of marine transport engines and the introduction of relevant regulatory documents in the Russian Federation is substantiated. Today the problems of harmful emissions into the environment are considered haphazardly, there are few foreign authors studying the problem. Since 2016, the environmental characteristics of outboard motors in laboratory and scientific conditions have been studied at the Department of Water Transport Operation at the Astrakhan State Technical University. The results of practical measurements of harmful discharges into the hydrosphere from the Yanmar D2 outboard motor are presented. General characteristics of the Yanmar D2 engine are listed (rated power, rated speed, number of cylinders, fuel used, etc.), the general view of the outboard motor is illustrated. A detailed description of the laboratory equipment is given and the technical characteristics of control and measuring instruments (concentrator KN-3 and spectrophotometer PE-5400VI) are listed. It is pointed out that the small experimental pool of the laboratory has patents for a utility model; a schematic diagram of the pool is given. New data on discharges of film and dissolved petroleum products, phosphate ions and total phosphorus into the hydrosphere have been obtained, empirical formulas for calculating the expected level of discharges from a diesel outboard motor depending on its operation time have been developed.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126600370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems of organizing importation and examination of quarantine products in Astrakhan region","authors":"E. G. Ilyina, Elizaveta Pavlovna Kudreshova, A. V. Melnikov, Yulia Vladimirovna Mostovaya, Aleksandra Nikolaevna Romanenko, A. Khmelnitskaya","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-90-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-3-90-97","url":null,"abstract":"Today one of the important tasks is flexible, competent and effective planning of measures for phytosanitary control in the territory of the Eurasian Economic Union of the EAEU, including in Russia. The solution of this problem is significantly hampered by the lack of funding and the lack of highly qualified personnel, insufficient equipment of laboratory quarantine phytosanitary diagnostics. Modern cargo transportation of regulated products between countries depends on geographical, political, economic and many other factors, which necessitates the search for more efficient and shorter routes. The presence of such a transport opportunity as sea transportation between the ports of the Caspian Sea makes it possible to analyze new routes for transporting products to Russia from Iran, Azerbaijan and other countries. Quarantine products imported to Russia in 2021 are listed. The importance of organizing importation and inspection of imported regulated products in the territory of the Astrakhan region is justified. The functions of the phytosanitary inspection are listed. Possibility of easy passing the customs check-in and reducing the idle time for the vehicles during phytosanitary inspection are considered. A twelve-point algorithm is recommended for use including the cargo inspection procedures before transportation. The detailed steps are proposed to speed up transport operations of organizing a sanitary inspection in the port of Olya, in particular, introducing the innovative technologies and the IRIS mini-robot. The model of a mini-robot is illustrated and the prospects of the economic efficiency of the region and food supply of the population are considered. Economic analysis of using the innovative technologies in organizing transportation of the quarantine products has been carried out.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126659116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}