Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies最新文献

{"title":"Prospects for introducing advanced technologies at enterprises of Southern Center of Shipbuilding and Ship Repair, JSC","authors":"Vladimir Vladimirovich Lisizki, A. A. Vasilyev, Konstantin Dmitrievich Mogilko, Nikolai Alexeyevich Nosyrev, Nikolai Valerievich Rosov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-41-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-41-46","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the trends of development in modern shipbuilding in the context of digital transformation and promising national projects recommended for implementing at the enterprises of Southern Center for Shipbuilding and Ship Repair, JSC. The calculation program of shipyards, the composition and main features of the created industries are given. There is described the modern Russian technological equipment recommended for implementation at Southern Center of Shipbuilding and Ship Repair, JSC including machines with numerical control for laser and plasma cutting the sheet parts and multifunctional bending and straightening machines with a rotational-local deformation principle. Pictures of machines for thermal cutting of sheet parts with digital control of the Ritm-M and Ritm-MA-Laser types are presented (plasma and oxygen cutting machine, wide-portal plasma and oxygen cutting machine with a rotary unit for cutting edges for welding, laser cutting machine) developments of Center for of Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Technologies, JSC implemented at the branch Astrakhan Shipyard of Zvezdochka, JSC. Pictures of multifunctional bending and straightening machines of the MGPS-25 and MGPS-100 types developed by the Center for Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Technologies JSC implemented at the Astrakhan Ship Repair Plant branch of Zvezdochka, JSC, are presented. The comprehensive introduction of the latest technologies and principles of production organization at the enterprises of Southern Center for Shipbuilding and Ship Repair, JSC will reduce the labor intensity of building the ships of the calculation program by more than 2 times.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116689487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spring dampers of torsional vibrations in modern marine diesel engines: advantages and disadvantages","authors":"A. D. Ibadullaev, O. Kovalev","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-66-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-66-73","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents analysis of the advantages and disadvantages in assembling the spring dampers of torsional vibrations in modern marine diesel engines. There are considered the urgent problems of using spring dampers in the marine propulsion systems: lack of the systematized scientific data about the spring damper design, statistics of their prevalence in the marine diesel engines, analysis of breakdowns. It has been stated that today there is no methodology for assessing the technical condition of spring dampers, except for the methods recommended by the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping in relation to the silicone dampers. Disassembly diagnostics of the technical condition of spring dampers is extremely difficult and costly for a shipowner. Most of the vessels that are currently being operated in Russia are found obsolete, and there has started a gradual process of modernization and replacement \u0000of morally and physically obsolete main engines G60,G70 (6CPH 36/45), SKL NVD, 6ChH18/22, 3D6 (6ChH 15/18) etc. by new foreign diesel engines manufactured by Wartsila (Finland), Caterpillar (USA), Volvo - Penta (Sweden), Scania (Sweden), Henan Diesel Engine Industry Co., Ltd (China) etc., which have new dampers of such companies as Geislinger (Germany), Hasse & Wrede (Germany), STE - Schwingungstechnik (Germany), Holset (England), Caterpillar (USA) etc. Diagnostics of dampers of modern diesel engines is a new direction for the domestic marine industry; it requires a revision of both the technological processes of working with such equipment and training the qualified specialists. The study of the structural and operational features of spring dampers of modern diesel engines will allow to accumulate the necessary amount of scientific and technical information to create in Russia the foundations of production of efficient structures and the development of engine building in general.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123957800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing method of studying mode reliability of electric power systems","authors":"A. Bordyug","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-88-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-88-94","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the urgent choice of a solution to the problem of reliable operation of power plants in the maneuvering modes. The performance reliability of power units is assessed. There are listed actual methods of studying the reliability of power plants, which are used in the practice of operation and design of power plants, in particular the electrical part in a statistical state. There is proposed a structural-functional method of studying the reliability of power plants, which allows to analyze the cause-and-effect relationships of the structural diagram elements in the stationary and transient modes of operation and obtain a synthesizing assessment of the final result of the power plant operation, taking into account the factors affecting the mode change. The scheme of directed graphs is illustrated: serial and parallel connection of elements, with direct and reverse stochastic connections. Formulas are given for calculating the availability factor (operability of an individual element or a functional circuit), as well as the inoperability factor due to the frequency of failures and remedial repairs. A case of practical application of the structural-functional method studying the reliability of power plants is considered. The elements of the block diagram of the power unit, turbine plant, electrical connections are listed. An algorithm for calculating the reliability of operation of a 250-300 MW power unit in the modes of start-up, shutdown, load control, stationary and emergency shutdown is considered. The logical sequence of operations of the technological process of the power unit is given. It is noted that the calculations were made on a personal computer in an interactive mode, labor costs amounted to about eight hours for an engineer of average qualification. According to the calculations performed, the conclusions were drawn for the power plant operating in the shunting mode as a whole: frequent starts/stops have a negative impact on the performance of power units, therefore, there is recommended a load mode within the allowable limits of power change.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114897987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selecting methods of continuous monitoring of torsional vibrations in ship propulsion complexes","authors":"Maxim Michailovich Gorbachev, V. V. Kolyvanov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-54-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-54-65","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the problem of the continuing emergency damages to the elements of ship engine-propulsion systems with fatigue failures of shaft pipelines. The classification societies require to analyze and measure the dangerous torsional vibrations in ship power plants. There is given an overview and comparison of methods of measuring torsional vibrations in order to determine the most promising ones for constant monitoring and diagnostics of the technical condition of the elements of marine propulsion systems. In the course of analysis of scientific and technical literature there have been identified the main methods of measuring torsional vibrations, which formed the basis for developing the national and foreign measuring software and hardware complexes. The marine conditions surely require the appropriate design and operating principles from the monitoring systems, therefore, such methods as strain measurement, using laser and optical sensors with reflective tape, inductive sensors with gears are defined as promising. There is illustrated a diagram of the measuring bridge of four load cells, given an example of the design and positioning of the IVC Technologies strain gauge system on the shaft, considered the Geislinger systems with a spring damper and measuring gears. There are presented the illustrations of the OROS measuring system, the Konsberg system, the RT-660 radiotorsiograph, the SCAN optical torsiograph developed by JSC Central Research and Design Institute of the Marine Fleet (TsNIIMF), the TNK-1 sensor, the BAGS-4M measuring complex and others. The results of the study will be used to develop experimental samples of a monitoring system with the selected methods for measuring torsional vibrations and conducting tests in the laboratory and on board a ship.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128777685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of meaning of symbols method and building model of business process of customs clearance of goods","authors":"A. I. Rozhko, Anastasia Alekseevna Pshatova","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-108-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-108-116","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, 80% of goods in the world are delivered by waterways. Cargo transportation is the basis of the commercial and economic industry dependent directly on the efficiency of transport and warehouse logistics. The importance of maritime transport is increasing over time. The number of logistics organizations and enterprises is increasing, which proves the demand for this industry today. To increase the efficiency of the organization, it is important to correctly allocate resources for the implementation of all stages of work. There are shown the ways of optimizing the work of the enterprise by reducing the risks that may arise at all stages of its activity, in particular the procedure for customs clearance of goods. To reduce the number of errors, it is necessary to develop detailed schemes \u0000of business processes that reflect all the stages and key points of passing the participant of foreign economic activity the control procedures at border checkpoints when vehicles arrive at the place of goods delivery and control after the release of goods. When the graduates find a job, there appears the lack of practical experience, which complicates their adaptation to the work process. To optimize the process of training and familiarity of students, as well as introducing new personnel into the specifics of the work of logistics enterprises, there was developed a model using the BPMN notation, which describes in an accessible form the process of customs clearance of goods during sea transportation of goods. In international transportation of goods, customs clearance is assigned one of the key roles, this procedure is very specific. The BPMN modeling method is considered. Business process modeling is used to visualize data about the workflows and business processes of companies, which allows to get an idea and identify areas to be improved. It is proposed to develop a model of customs clearance of goods using the BPMN methodology.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130180917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small vessels: range of their use and problems","authors":"M. Pokusaev, K. Khmelnitsky, Alexei Alekseevich Kadin, Beybulat Sabirovich Aydynbekov, Sergey Vyacheslavovich Vlasov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-47-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-2-47-53","url":null,"abstract":"Using small boats is not limited to using them as watercrafts for amateur or recreational fishing, as well as an auxiliary fleet of the large-tonnage vessels. Motor boats as a means of performing the main production functions are widely used by the different industrial enterprises, whose activities are related to the operation in inland waterways and other water areas. The Astrakhan region, among other regions with inland waterways, has a large network \u0000of branched canals, some of which are located in shallow waters with dense reeds, impassible for the ships with \u0000a large draft transferring personnel, cargo and equipment. High speed developed by the small boats in gliding makes it possible to use them in the border service, fish protection service, in transporting passengers, etc. At the same time, the disadvantages of using small vessels are considered, namely, a much lower level of comfort compared to the large vessels, noise and vibrations from the outboard motor, the impact of emissions on the environment. Staying of the navigator in close proximity to the engine, the prolonged exposure to the negative impact of the environment (high and low temperatures, wind, precipitation) increase the fatigue of the human body. Conclusions are drawn about the need to reduce negative factors, creating more comfortable working conditions for the staff. Due to the lack of freely available information on the positive and negative aspects of using a small fleet, the experience of using motor boats with outboard motors is listed and described.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130601657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modernization of cable supply system of cable-laying vessel","authors":"Sergey Vladimirovich Golovko, Rustam Faridovich Kulakhmetov, Renat Garifullaevich Kaliev, Egor Aleksandrovich Nenastyev","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-1-64-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-1-64-71","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the methods of upgrading the system of cable supply from the vessel. The system controls operation of the electric motor, through which the cable is unwound from the reel, and regulates the position of the guide which delivers the cable into the water. The need to create an automatic system for laying cable from a ship, which will provide the minimal deformation and minimal cable consumption, is proved. The first system is designed to control the speed of the electric motor that unwinds the cable from the reel. Adjustment is carried out due to the signal from the tension sensor (current signal is 4 - 20 mA). The signal goes to the programmable logic controller. The analog output signal from the controller (the current signal also ranges within 4 - 20 mA) is fed to the frequency converter, which, in turn, changes the rotation speed of the electric motor in accordance with the prescribed program. The second system is designed to change the position of the guide delivering the cable overboard. The proposed system compensates for the change in the position of the cable in the water under the influence of the current. The adjustment is made depending on the signal from the angle change sensor, which will go to the programmable logic controller. The first system is considered in detail, its electrical circuit diagram and electrical functional diagram are presented, as well as other elements of the system (sensor, programmable logic controller). A description of the circuit operation is given","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131792845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving efficiency of radar observations of navigation situation in ice radars under strong interference","authors":"Aleksandr Nikolaevich Suslov, K. V. Penkovskaya","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-1-56-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-1-56-63","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the specific features of radar observations of the surrounding navigation situation in ice radars (IR) in polar latitudes and the reasons of their possible decreasing effectiveness. There is described a negative effect of the radio waves received by IR due to their reflection from hydrometeorological formations that occupy a large area of the scanned navigation space. The possible ways of improving the IR operation and creating the necessary conditions are analyzed. It has been inferred that in the case of observing the small-sized objects against the background of a strong extended hydrometeorological interference, digital processing of radar data slightly improves functioning of ice locators. It has been found out that in order to improve detecting small targets and measuring their parameters, it is necessary to ensure the safety of the radar from possible overload caused by the interference at the stage of primary processing of radar information (before using a digital filter). The structure of the device is proposed, which allows not only partial weakening the hydrometeorological interference in the IR operation, but also suppressing this interference. It is stated that improving the locator noise immunity during its operation is achieved by using the additional blocks in its composition that quickly detect short-term pulses caused by reflection from small-sized targets in the processed radar signal and convert them into a form in which it is possible to almost completely compensate for continuous interference. The method of mathematical modeling is used to study the effectiveness of the proposed device by measuring the signal-to-noise ratio achieved in it, the reaction time, and the structure of radar signals after their processing. According to the analysis results of the mathematical experiment there have been made the conclusions about the lack of factors limiting the possibility of using the proposed device as part of IR and the optimal variant of its implementation.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114937059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetics of motor oil aging in marine diesel engines under continuous and periodic refill to compensate loss","authors":"M. I. Tarasov, Gennadiy Petrovich Kicha","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-1-7-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-1-7-14","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the balance of the engine oil aging components in the diesel engine lubrication system with the refinement of oil composition caused by the oil product loss. The motor oil aging process has been identified under continuous and periodic oil refill in order to replenish the lubrication system with fresh oil which would compensate the burnt off oil products. There were derived and solved the differential equations of the oil product balance for such aspects of aging as contamination by insoluble impurities and multifunctional additives impact, which helped understand the general regularities and kinetics of the studied process. Novelty of the approach to theoretical description of the process consisted in the fact of filtering the insoluble and colloidal components of mechanical impurities and additives by the purification and burnout means. Cyclic picture of aging allows to analyze the state of the oil aging before and after refill with its periodic refreshment. The dependence is transformed and presented in a form where it is possible to determine the state of the oil at each aging cycle, without examining the intermediate concentrations of impurities and additives. The advantage of the obtained kinetic integral expressions for oil aging is the ability to determine the conditions for a long-term or permanent mode of its use in the lubrication system of a diesel engine. There are given the formulas by which the intensity of filtration and the concentration of additives in fresh oil or the time of their impact are calculated at a given oil loss and provide a pre-rejection mode of using circulating luboil in a diesel engine.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127962693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of nozzle inclination angle on velocity coefficient of inflow turbine with partial blading of runner","authors":"A. Kriukov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-1-23-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-1-23-29","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers a numerical experiment with three groups of low-consuming inflow turbines with partial blading of the runner. Geometrical models of the turbine stages with partial blading of the runner at different angles of the nozzle inclination have been developed. The inflow turbine stages with partial blading of the runner are investigated. The efficiency and speed coefficient of the inflow turbine nozzles are calculated. There has been carried out numerical modeling of the working fluid flow by using the computational gas dynamics elements. Pick values of the nozzle apparatus velocity coefficient and the turbine stage efficiency are defined. Geometric models of the turbine stages with different nozzle inclination angles are developed, the boundary conditions of the experiment are determined, and the experiment results are analyzed and shown. There are given the dependence graphs of the nozzle velocity coefficient and the efficiency of a low-consuming inflow turbine stage. Comparative analysis of the nozzle velocity coefficient and the efficiency of three turbine stages with different inclination angles of the nozzles in the nozzle apparatus has been carried out. Conclusions are drawn about further procedures on improving the flow part of the runner to increase the efficiency of the stage.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115831707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}