{"title":"The Wave Glider: A persistent platform for ocean science","authors":"J. Manley, S. Willcox","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603614","url":null,"abstract":"The Wave Glider is an unmanned maritime vehicle (UMV) unique in its ability to harness ocean wave energy for platform propulsion. This paper provides an overview of the Wave Glider vehicle's design and capabilities, and presents results from the engineering sea trials conducted with several prototype and the current production generations of the vehicle. The vehicle's performance in a variety of ocean conditions is described. The vehicle's robustness and capabilities for extended mission durations are also examined. Scientific applications of the Wave Glider are presented through discussion of preliminary results and planned programs. Finally, we discuss several payload packages that have been or are currently being developed for the vehicle.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128138413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The use of HF radar surface currents for computing Lagrangian trajectories: Benefits and issues","authors":"A. Mantovanelli, M. Heron, A. Prytz","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603644","url":null,"abstract":"Surface coastal currents mapped by a pair of high frequency ground-wave radars (HFR) have been used to predict Lagrangian trajectories in the proximity of Heron Island (Capricorn Bunker Group, Great Barrier Reef, Australia), and to compare with the current data measured by an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) at three mooring stations. Overall the HRF and ADCP absolute current speeds showed a difference less than ±0.15 m s−1 for 68% of the observations. A good agreement between HFR (at a depth of 1.5 m) and ADCP (at a depth of 5.5 m) data were observed for the u-component (cross-shelf) which presented a stronger tidal signal, while a poor comparison was found for the v-component (north-south) more influenced by the south-easterly and northerly winds. The HFR allowed inclusion of not only the temporal, but also the spatial current variability in the tracking computation. This proved to be crucial because the Lagrangian trajectories were very sensitive to the starting position and time in the studied area, where the currents exhibit a large spatial variation imposed by tides, winds, large scale circulation and topography. One challenge in applying HFR data for Lagrangian tracking consists of estimating the missing values and including the effects of small scale fluctuations.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128166132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Torrecilla, J. Piera, S. Pons, I. F. Aymerich, A. Vilamala, J. Arcos, E. Plaza
{"title":"Mapping marine phytoplankton assemblages from a hyperspectral and Artificial Intelligence perspective","authors":"E. Torrecilla, J. Piera, S. Pons, I. F. Aymerich, A. Vilamala, J. Arcos, E. Plaza","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603683","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this contribution is to demonstrate the feasibility of different processing techniques to identify phytoplankton assemblages when applied to oceanographic hyperspectral data sets (i.e. above surface measurements and vertical profiles). In order to address this issue and validate the proposed techniques, a simulated framework has been used based on the oceanic radiative transfer model Hydrolight-Ecolight 5.0. The potential offered by an unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis technique and two Artificial Intelligence algorithms (i.e. Particle Swarm Optimization and Case-Based Reasoning) have been explored. Our results confirm their suitability to map phytoplankton's distribution from hyperspectral information given a variety of hypothetical oceanic environments.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128951841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cooperative positioning using range-only measurements between two AUVs","authors":"G. Rui, M. Chitre","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603615","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a cooperative positioning system between two autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). Each AUV is equipped with some navigational sensors. However, AUVs with different tasks have different navigational capabilities. By introducing acoustic communication between AUVs, information from multiple AUVs can be fused to give a more accurate position estimates to AUVs with poorer navigational capabilities. We present results from a field trial where a lawnmower mission is executed by a survey AUV with poor navigational sensors while another AUV with higher positioning accuracy plays the role of a beacon AUV. The beacon AUV's task is to help improve the survey AUV's position accuracy by providing it regular range updates from various locations. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) was implemented to fuse the range information updates with the navigational sensor data on the survey AUV. We were able to avoid unbounded error growth in the position estimate of the survey AUV in our experiments through cooperative positioning between two AUVs using range-only measurements.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128836711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laboratory verification on waveform inversion of an internal solitary wave in the South China Sea","authors":"M. Cheng, J. R. Hsu","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603810","url":null,"abstract":"While shoaling from deepwater in a stratified ocean, an internal solitary wave may undergo waveform inversion on a continental margin. Although many oceanographers have believed the inversion from depression to elevation may commence at the turning point where the upper and low layer equals in depth, this phenomenon has not been fully verified in field observations or numerical schemes. In order to clarify this unique phenomenon, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted on the evolution of an interfacial solitary wave of depression across a slope following by a horizontal plateau similar to a slope-shelf topography. Experimental results indicate that the process of waveform inversion took place after internal run-down, hydraulic jump, vortex motion and run-up on the front slope. Shoaling effect on the horizontal plateau then further dissipated wave energy.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133734867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sonar uncertainty and sensitivity analysis techniques","authors":"D. Sweet, C. Gillard","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603543","url":null,"abstract":"Current sonar performance prediction models provide outputs such as probability of detection. It is desirable to give measures of uncertainty in the output due to uncertainty in all the inputs. This process is uncertainty analysis (UA). It is also desirable to indicate the sensitivity of the output to uncertainty in each of the inputs. This process is sensitivity analysis (SA). In this paper, a set of techniques has been incorporated into a sonar uncertainty and prediction tool (SUST) which carries out the main steps of UA/SA: (1) sampling of inputs, (2) propagation of inputs through a model to yield outputs, (3) UA from outputs and (4) SA from outputs. In the following, two enhancements to a previous UA/SA tool are presented: (a) empirical orthogonal functions, a general method of representing uncertainty in the sound speed profile. and (b) Latin hypercube sampling, a more efficient means of sampling the input space. This paper demonstrates the use of the techniques by performing UA/SA for an environment offshore from Sydney, Australia.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115507577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Teixeira, Dimos V. Dimarogonas, K. Johansson, J. Sousa
{"title":"Event-based motion coordination of multiple underwater vehicles under disturbances","authors":"P. Teixeira, Dimos V. Dimarogonas, K. Johansson, J. Sousa","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603980","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of driving a formation from an initial to a target configuration while under the effect of external disturbances is studied. Additional restrictions on agent sensing as well as inter-agent communication must be satisfied. We present a leader-follower solution that relies on a simple uncertainty model to trigger surfacing events. These events are then used to update the control signal, for which two different, provably correct, control strategies are proposed. Finally, we show how the surfacing events can be used to characterize the disturbance set. Numerical examples on relevant scenarios are also provided.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"1019 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116252701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fiber laser sensor hydrophone performance","authors":"I. Bedwell, D. Jones","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603851","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed feedback fiber lasers (DFB-FL) offer potential as a new generation of sensing devices that are inherently small diameter, very sensitive and which can be interrogated over long distances over extremely thin lead in cables. They also have the advantage of requiring minimal or no electronics and thus have the potential to be very robust and reliable.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116474975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hai Yan, Shengli Zhou, Z. Shi, Jun-hong Cui, L. Wan, Jie Huang, Hao Zhou
{"title":"DSP implementation of SISO and MIMO OFDM acoustic modems","authors":"Hai Yan, Shengli Zhou, Z. Shi, Jun-hong Cui, L. Wan, Jie Huang, Hao Zhou","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603887","url":null,"abstract":"Significant progress has been made recently on the use of multicarrier modulation in the form of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for high data rate underwater acoustic communications. In this paper, we present implementation results of OFDM acoustic modems under both single-input single-output and multi-input multi-output (two transmitters and two receivers) settings. The data rates are 3.2 kb/s and 6.4 kb/s for SISO and MIMO systems, respectively, with QPSK modulation, rate-1/2 channel coding, and signal bandwidth of 6 kHz. Real-time operation has been achieved with impressive margins, using a floating point TMS320C6713 DSP development board. Specifically, with convolutional coding, the processing time for each OFDM block of duration 210 ms is about 38 ms and 77 ms for SISO and MIMO settings, respectively, with the DSP running at 225 MHz. With nonbinary low-density parity-check (LDPC) coding, which gains about 2 dB in error performance relative to convolutional coding, the processing time per block increases to 50 ms and 101 ms for SISO and MIMO settings, respectively. We have also implemented the OFDM acoustic modems using a fixed-point TMS320C6416 DSP development board, where the DSP core runs at 1 GHz. The per-block processing time reduces by two thirds with negligible performance degradation.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"21 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116476883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iterative Adaptive Approach for wide-band active sonar array processing","authors":"Zhaofu Chen, Jian Li, P. Stoica, K. Lo","doi":"10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANSSYD.2010.5603915","url":null,"abstract":"Sector scan sonars can be used for detection and identification of man-made objects located on the sea floor. Wide-band acoustic signals are employed in this kind of sonar system to enhance range resolution. The conventional delay-and-sum beamformer (CBF) produces sonar images with high sidelobe levels and poor angular resolution. Adaptive beamforming algorithms together with spatial resampling can be applied to mitigate this problem. The algorithm “Spatial Processing: Optimized and Constrained” (SPOC), used in a recent work, is studied herein and shown to be identical to the basic form of the FOCal Underdetermined System Solver (FOCUSS) algorithm. A recently developed algorithm, the Iterative Adaptive Approach (IAA), is proposed for this sonar application and various implementation issues are discussed. Experimental results show that the IAA algorithm produces better sonar images than the CBF and Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) algorithms in terms of sidelobe suppression and angular resolution. Compared with SPOC, IAA provides clearer acoustic highlights of the imaged object and a higher density of pixels representing the object.","PeriodicalId":129808,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121890556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}