Healthcare最新文献

{"title":"Barriers to Physical Activity Participation in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.","authors":"Sarvin Salar, Bojan M Jorgić, Mihai Olanescu, Ilie Danut Popa","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders tend to participate in less physical activity. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers to physical activity participation in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on parental reports.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised 370 children and adolescents with ASD, aged 8-20 years. Simple random sampling was selected. We designed a questionnaire and used the survey method for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed several barriers to physical activity participation: interpersonal barriers were the top priority, followed by friends and peers as well as psychological factors as the second and third priorities. Additionally, family, cognition, management and planning, social and cultural factors, and skills were identified as the fourth through eighth barriers, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding these barriers is crucial for developing effective school- and community-based strategies to promote physical activity participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Egg Cryopreservation for Social Reasons-A Literature Review.","authors":"Stavroula Kynigopoulou, Alkis Matsas, Ermioni Tsarna, Smaragdi Christopoulou, Periklis Panagopoulos, Panagiotis Bakas, Panagiotis Christopoulos","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper provides an overview of the social reasons that lead women to consider egg cryopreservation, as well as the attitudes and knowledge of women towards this procedure. Methods: For the creation of this article, a literature review was carried out both in the existing medical literature and in search engines. The key points are as follows: (1) The main reasons women choose to delay childbearing are the lack of a suitable male partner, education and career advancement, and financial instability. Women feel societal and family pressure to have children, even though they may not feel ready. (2) Women's attitudes towards egg cryopreservation vary. While some are open to the idea, many are opposed to it, especially when it is used for non-medical reasons. There are concerns about the success rates, health risks, and ethical implications of the procedure. (3) The legal and regulatory framework around egg cryopreservation differs across countries. Some countries allow it only for medical reasons, while others have more permissive policies. The issue of who should bear the financial cost of the procedure is also debated. (4) There is a need to better educate women, as well as healthcare providers, about fertility decline and the options available for preserving fertility, including egg cryopreservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Intention: Barriers to Undergoing a Blood Pressure Check in the South-West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.","authors":"Bezawit Ketema, Mirgissa Kaba, Mosisa Bekele, Eva Johanna Kantelhardt, Eric Sven Kroeber, Adamu Addissie","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Hypertension is often asymptomatic, progresses slowly, and leads to multiple secondary diseases. Thus, a regular blood pressure check is recommended. The objective of this study is to assess the intention to undergo a blood pressure check and its associated factors among adults in Southwest Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A healthcare-facility-based cross-sectional design was utilized. A standardized questionnaire, adapted from previous research, was administered by trained interviewers. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors the intention to undergo blood pressure checks is associated with, utilizing SPSS version 27.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four hundred twenty-one participants provided a complete response, yielding a 99.7% response rate. Of these participants, 153 (36%) had had their blood pressure checked at some point. The vast majority of the study participants (387, 91.9%) did not know the normal blood pressure range. The median score for intention to undergo blood pressure check was 11 (interquartile range 10-13). Female participants were 59% less likely (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.408, 95% confidence interval 0.208-0.801) to intend to undergo a blood pressure check than male participants. Participants in the poorest wealth quintile were 82% less likely (AOR 0.183, 95% CI = 0.063-0.533) to intend to undergo a blood pressure check than those in the richest quintile. Participants who intended to undergo a blood pressure check had a significantly favorable attitude (t = 10.801, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and lower perceived behavioral control (t = -2.865, <i>p</i> < 0.001) compared with those who had no intention of checking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A high intent to undergo a blood pressure check should prompt healthcare facilities to offer regular blood pressure check-up services. Behavioral change communication interventions should address the attitude and perceived behavioral controls of individuals associated with the intention to undergo a blood pressure check. In doing so, special attention should be given to female and economically disadvantaged populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working Carers in Europe and How Their Caring Responsibilities Impact Work-Family Life Conflict: Analysis of the European Quality of Life Survey.","authors":"Valentina Hlebec, Miriam Hurtado Monarres, Zdenka Šadl","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Ageing of the population is a pertinent characteristic in developed societies that raises questions of who provides care and how care is provided to frail and dependent old people. The majority of care is provided by family members, friends, and neighbours, many of whom are of working age and active in the labour market. The aim of this study is to research how work and care are intertwined and how they cause conflict for individuals in Europe. <b>Methods:</b> A hierarchical regression analysis of European Quality of Life Survey data was performed to evaluate the amount of explained variance of work-life conflict according to caring situation, working conditions, and demographic characteristics of an adult European population. A stratified, clustered multistage sample design was used to select 15,656 adult respondents working as employees. <b>Results:</b> The results show that the three blocks explain about 18% of work-life conflict, with working conditions being the most influential block, followed by demographic characteristics and caring situation. <b>Conclusions:</b> The frequency of caring, use of formal care, and quality of formal services significantly mitigate work-life conflict, together with the number of working hours, commuting, fear of losing one's job, fear of having insufficient income in old age, and the ease of making ends meet. Care regimes also have a considerable effect on work-life conflict. Countries have the power and responsibility to support working carers in their multiple and often conflicting roles by allowing flexible work arrangements, the right to reduce the number of working hours safely, employment protection during care, emergency leave, and short- and long-term leave, as well as by investing in community-based long-term care models and services.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of Medical Costs Associated with Severe Maternal Morbidity in South Korea.","authors":"Jin Young Nam, Soojeong Shim","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse maternal health outcomes lead to health loss and unnecessary medical costs. However, few have explored how severe maternal morbidity (SMM) affects medical costs separately from blood transfusion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the delivery-related costs of healthcare services in patients with and without SMM as well as blood transfusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) Delivery Cohort database in South Korea. We included all delivering mothers in South Korea from 2016 to 2021, except those with incomplete data, totaling 1,517,773 participants. The measured outcomes included delivery-related medical costs associated with SMM. A generalized estimating equation model with a log link, gamma distribution, and robust standard errors was used to estimate the mean delivery-related medical costs of SMM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SMM occurred in 2.2% of the cohort. The adjusted mean delivery-related medical costs were approximately 2.1- and 1.4-fold higher in cases with SMM without blood transfusion and only blood transfusion than in those without SMM, respectively ($2005, 95% CI: $1934-2078 and $1339, 95% CI: 1325-1354, respectively). The adjusted mean delivery-related medical costs were 1.5-fold higher in cases with SMM with blood transfusion than in those without SMM (SMM $1539, 95% CI: $1513-$1565).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Medical costs associated with delivery-related SMM with or without blood transfusion were significantly higher than those of normal deliveries, with excess costs varying according to existing healthcare policies. Policymakers should consider supporting programs to prevent high medical costs by improving maternal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators of Physical Activity in Pregnancy and Postpartum Among Iranian Women: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Linda E May, Sarah J Moss, Anna Szumilewicz, Rita Santos-Rocha, Najmeh A Shojaeian","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inactivity during pregnancy and postpartum is largely a result of women's attitudes and misunderstandings of physical activity, especially in Iran. This scoping review critically assesses the barriers and facilitators influencing physical activity among pregnant and postpartum Iranian women to provide the basis for future physical activity interventions. Ten databases and platforms were searched up to 1 June 2024: Medline, SportDISCUS, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Review Database, Clinical Trial, SID, ISC, and Web of Science. Grey literature sources were included to retrieve original publications on barriers and facilitators during pregnancy and postpartum among Iranian women. The search resulted in 2470 identified studies screened for inclusion criteria. After screening both abstracts and full texts, 33 of the studies were included, and data were extracted and charted. Findings were summarized in alignment with the objectives. The results show that the basic physical activity barriers are intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental factors. Facilitating factors include using E-learning resources and combined interventions to educate women and provide awareness of the existence of exercise classes. Social and emotional support by family members and other women in the same situation can be effective. Overall, the study of obstacles to and enablers of physical activity during pregnancy and postpartum is ongoing. In addition to highlighting the present situation in Iran, this study identifies further opportunities for future research on the development of appropriate interventions to reduce the barriers and strengthen the facilitators for physical activity among pregnant and postpartum Iranian women with trained groups, including skilled healthcare providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Choices in Breastfeeding Healthy, Sick and Preterm Babies: Review.","authors":"Susanne H Bauer, Harald Abele, Joachim Graf","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although breastfeeding is associated with many health-related benefits for both mothers and children, the WHO recommendation for exclusive breastfeeding is not achieved by the majority in any WHO region. This paper aims to present the current state of research on challenges and choices in breastfeeding healthy, sick and preterm babies. The research was organized as a systematic search in PubMed and the study was performed as a narrative review after applying the PRISMA protocol. Finally, <i>n</i> = 57 studies were included. Both barriers and support factors emerge as a complex interaction of individual, group and societal factors, the precise understanding of which is relevant to increasing breastfeeding rates in the future. Knowledge as well as practical skills proved to be generally helpful, whereas the lack of breastfeeding support for mothers, who are often separated from their premature babies in hospital, was identified as a key risk factor for this subgroup. Appropriate training for healthcare professionals can improve the situation as a result. After discharge, workplace-related barriers are of major concern to allow further breastfeeding when maternity leave ends. Thus, the promotion of breastfeeding must be perceived as a task for society as a whole.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders Among Saudi Adults in the Eastern Region and Their Health Implications.","authors":"Kholoud B Alabdulkareem, Ghedeir M Alshammari, Ali Abdullah Alyousef, Mohammed A Mohammed, Sndos Z Fattiny, Ismail Zayed Alqahtani, Mohammed Abdo Yahya","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The present study examined the link between sociodemographic variables, anthropometric indices, and psychiatric disorders among patients in Saudi Arabia's Eastern Region (Al-Hassa), as well as health outcomes, including basic hematological and biochemical markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patients included 89 females and 79 males with psychiatric disorders, with ages ranging from 19 to 59. Sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric proxies, and fundamental hematological and biochemical markers were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sociodemographic characteristics of the patients were poor and varied within and between sexes. This study observed that male psychiatric patients had greater anthropometric proxies, particularly those who were overweight or obese, than females. Most of the patients' hematological and biochemical parameters were below the normal level, with some higher than normal. Moreover, anemia was identified in 40.51% of the male participants in the study, with a higher percentage among those diagnosed with depressive disorders (Dep-d, 57.14%) and schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders (SsP-d, 32.43%), and 49.44% of the female participants, with a higher percentage among those diagnosed with depressive disorders (52.50%) and other psychotic disorders (46.15%). Furthermore, to confirm the link between sociodemographic variables, anthropometric indices, and psychiatric disorders among patients, the Spearman correlation coefficient and simple regression analysis of such variables was carried out. The results revealed that the majority of sociodemographic characteristics were either favorably or adversely correlated with patients' anthropometrics and type of depression in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low sociodemographic characteristics and high anthropometric variables may be risk factors for people with psychotic disorders, which have been linked to negative health consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between the Sagittal and Coronary Alignment of the Tibiofemoral Joint and the Medial Meniscus Extrusion in Knee Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Masahiro Ikezu, Shintarou Kudo, Ryuzi Mitsumori, Wataru Iseki, Masato Shibukawa, Yasuhiko Iizuka, Masahiro Tsutsumi, Hidetoshi Hayashi","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study aims to clarify the reproducibility, validity, and accuracy of tibial external-rotation alignment evaluation using ultrasound imaging and to investigate the relationship between medial meniscus extrusion (MME) and tibiofemoral alignment in both the sagittal and coronal planes in knee osteoarthritis (OA). <b>Methods</b>: Study 1 included 10 healthy participants. The tibial external-rotation angle was calculated using MRI. In the ultrasound imaging evaluation, the differences in the distance from the most posterior points of the tibial and femoral condyles to the skin were calculated as the medial and lateral condyle gaps, respectively. The mediolateral (ML) gap was calculated by subtracting the lateral condyle gap from the medial condyle gap. Study 2 included 63 patients with unilateral OA and 16 healthy controls. MME was compared according to the severity of OA, the degree of tibial rotation, and the presence or absence of a tibial posterior shift. <b>Results</b>: Ultrasound imaging examinations showed high intra- and inter-rater reliabilities (0.786-0.979). The ML gap significantly affected the tibial external-rotation angle, determined using MRI. The ML gap of ultrasound imaging was significantly correlated with the ML gap of MRI. MME was significantly higher in the Early OA group than in the Control group. There was no significant difference in MME based on the tibial rotation degree. The group with a tibial posterior shift exhibited significantly more MME than that without a posterior shift. <b>Conclusions</b>: Ultrasound imaging is useful for evaluating knee alignment. MME was found to be associated with the tibial posterior shift.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Sports Club Participation, Physical Activity, and Health Behaviors Among Older Korean Adults.","authors":"Jeonga Kwon, Jusun Jang","doi":"10.3390/healthcare12232411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Participation in physical activity can improve the physical, mental, and social health of older adults, with greater benefits observed when they join sports clubs or groups rather than exercising alone. Despite the numerous advantages of older adults' participation in sports clubs, research on this topic remains scarce. This study investigated the association between participation in sports clubs and weekly physical activity, perceived health status, and health behaviors (adequate rest and sleep and regular meals and nutritional supplementation) among Korean older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on 5146 individuals aged 60 years or older, collected from the 2022-2023 Korea National Lifestyle and Sports Survey, were analyzed using frequency, chi-square, and multivariate logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were found in sex, age, weekly physical activity, perceived health status, adequate rest and sleep, regular meals and nutritional supplementation, use of exercise prescription and consultation services, participation in lifestyle physical education classes, and cessation of drinking and smoking based on participation in sports clubs. Sports club participation increased the frequency of weekly physical activity and improved perceptions of health status in older adults. The average odds ratios (ORs) for weekly physical activity were 6.667 (95% confidence interval CI = 4.316-10.297; <i>p</i> < 0.001), 5.237 (95% CI = 3.372-8.133; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and 3.042 (95% CI = 1.864-4.966; <i>p</i> < 0.001) for 1-2, 3-4, and 5 or more days of participation, respectively. The average ORs were 0.559 (95% CI = 0.264-1.183; <i>p</i> = 0.128) for inadequate rest and sleep, and 1.272 (95% CI = 0.555-1.694; <i>p</i> = 0.100) for adequate rest and sleep. Average ORs were 0.976 (95% CI = 0.497-1.915; <i>p</i> = 0.943) for irregular meals and nutritional supplementation, and 1.028 (95% CI 0.770-1.373; <i>p</i> = 0.851) for regular meals and nutritional supplementation. However, sports club participation was not significantly associated with sufficient rest and sleep or regular meals and nutritional supplementation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Older adults need support to join sports clubs, which can promote their physical activity and health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12977,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare","volume":"12 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}