Health economics最新文献_第2页

Substitution and Complementarity in the Consumption of Alcohol, Cannabis, and Opium. 酒精、大麻和鸦片消费的替代和互补。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4938

Siddharth Chandra, Gaurav Doshi

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Hydrological Disasters on the Population's Health in the Northeast Region of Brazil. 巴西东北地区水文灾害对人口健康的影响

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4939

Vinícius Halmenschlager, Alexandre Nunes de Almeida, Felipe Garcia Ribeiro, Carolina Silva da Trindade

引用次数: 0

Value-Based Pricing for Drugs With Uncertain Clinical Benefits. 临床效益不确定的药品价值定价。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4932

Boshen Jiao, Yuli Lily Hsieh, Meng Li, Stéphane Verguet

{"title":"Value-Based Pricing for Drugs With Uncertain Clinical Benefits.","authors":"Boshen Jiao, Yuli Lily Hsieh, Meng Li, Stéphane Verguet","doi":"10.1002/hec.4932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4932","url":null,"abstract":"Policymakers can use cost-effectiveness analysis to set value-based prices (VBP) for new pharmaceuticals. However, the uncertainty of investigational drug benefits complicates this pricing strategy. Such complexity stems from decision-makers' risk aversion and the potential change in the estimated value with emerging evidence. The recent surge in drugs approved via the Accelerated Approval (AA) pathway in the U.S. has made incorporating uncertainty into VBP crucial. We propose to estimate risk-adjusted VBP (rVBP) for drugs with uncertain benefits via integrating value of information and expected utility theory. Our approach involves two assessment points: an initial assessment with existing evidence; and a reassessment with new evidence that reduces uncertainty. This approach enables decision-makers to set rVBP in the initial assessment such that the expected utility, from the exisiting evidence, aligns with the benchmark uncertainty. We evaluate two benchmarks: one with no uncertainty, and one with a decision-maker's acceptable uncertainty level. We show in a case study of a hypothetical AA drug that rVBP may be lower than traditional VBP, especially under high risk aversion or low acceptable uncertainty. Our methodology adjusts VBP to account for uncertainty, supporting decision-makers in balancing timely market access with the risks associated with uncertainty in the benefits of new pharmaceuticals.","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Cigarette Reduction Tax-Effectiveness in Low Tobacco Expenditure Contexts: An Application to Bolivia. 在低烟草支出背景下评估卷烟减免税效果：玻利维亚的应用。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4931

Joaquín Morales, Sara Santander

{"title":"Assessing Cigarette Reduction Tax-Effectiveness in Low Tobacco Expenditure Contexts: An Application to Bolivia.","authors":"Joaquín Morales, Sara Santander","doi":"10.1002/hec.4931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4931","url":null,"abstract":"In this research we show that ambitious increases in tobacco tax rates can substantially reduce tobacco consumption, increase fiscal revenue, and provide net positive social benefits even in contexts of low consumption prevalence and intensity. Low nicotine intake still constitutes a grave disease risk factor, and the effectiveness of tax increases might be questioned if income effects are small. We adapt spatial variation of price methodologies to deal with low prevalence and intensity, censored data, and small samples using the Bolivian case as an illustration. We find an average price elasticity of demand of <math> <semantics><mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>0.69</mn></mrow> <annotation>${-}0.69$</annotation></semantics> </math> to <math> <semantics><mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>0.76</mn></mrow> <annotation>${-}0.76$</annotation></semantics> </math> . Using our estimates of elasticities, we develop a simulation to anticipate the effects of a 35% yearly increase of the Bolivian specific excise on tobacco starting in 2025. Our estimates show that by 2030, this reform could reduce the consumption of cigarettes by 52.6%, diminish the prevalence of smoking by 30.6%, and increase fiscal revenue by $123 million over six years. Moreover, we estimate that the abated direct medical costs of reduced consumption net of the deadweight loss associated with a tax increase would generate a net social gain of over $100 million in five years.","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fat vs. Sugar: The Case for a Saturated Fat Tax in Italy. 脂肪与糖：意大利征收饱和脂肪税的案例。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4933

Valeria di Cosmo, Silvia Tiezzi

引用次数: 0

Impacts of Housing Costs on Health and Satisfaction With Life Circumstances: Evidence From Australia. 住房成本对健康和生活环境满意度的影响：来自澳大利亚的证据。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4934

Ashani Abayasekara, Jun Sung Kim, Liang Choon Wang

引用次数: 0

Cash-Out Puzzle and Long-Term Care Insurance: Welfare of the Elderly. 套现难题与长期护理保险：老年人福利。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4935

Xiaoyan Lei, Chunfeng Zhang

引用次数: 0

Economic Value of Informal Care: Contingent Valuation From the Perspective of Caregivers and Care Recipients in China. 非正式照护的经济价值：中国照护者与受护者视角下的条件评估

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4927

Hongli Fan, Jinyan Gao, Lu Chen, Zixuan Peng, Peter C Coyte

{"title":"Economic Value of Informal Care: Contingent Valuation From the Perspective of Caregivers and Care Recipients in China.","authors":"Hongli Fan, Jinyan Gao, Lu Chen, Zixuan Peng, Peter C Coyte","doi":"10.1002/hec.4927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4927","url":null,"abstract":"We estimated the monetary value of informal care from the perspectives of informal caregivers and care recipients in China using the contingent valuation method. Data were obtained from a specially designed survey of 1458 informal caregivers and 972 care recipients. The mean for caregivers' willingness to pay (WTP) for reducing informal care by 1 h per week was CNY32.37 (€4.11), while the mean for willingness to accept (WTA) increasing informal care by 1 h was CNY46.21 (€5.87). The mean for care recipients' WTP (WTA) values for increasing or reducing informal care by 1 h per week were CNY28.74 (€3.65) and CNY44.78 (€5.69), respectively. The WTP and WTA values varied according to care hours and tasks, kinship, and living arrangements, and correlated with the characteristics of both caregivers and care recipients. The WTP and WTA values were also sensitive to a broad range of factors such as health, level of education, employment status, and household income. We highlight the contribution made by informal caregivers to elderly care and recommend the promotion of informal care activities to support and incentivize them.","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of City Life on Nutrition: Evidence From Resettlement Lotteries in China. 城市生活对营养的影响：来自中国移民彩票的证据。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4925

Ganxiao Leng, Huanguang Qiu, Mateusz Filipski

{"title":"Impacts of City Life on Nutrition: Evidence From Resettlement Lotteries in China.","authors":"Ganxiao Leng, Huanguang Qiu, Mateusz Filipski","doi":"10.1002/hec.4925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4925","url":null,"abstract":"Urban environments are thought to improve food security, by offering enhanced access to markets and income opportunities. Yet this idea is hard to test empirically due to an abundance of confounding factors and selection issues. This study leverages a resettlement program in China to provide the first quasi-experimental estimate of city life on food consumption and nutrition among low-income households. Lottery-determined timing of resettlement enables causal inference. We base our empirics on a 3-year panel and a range of difference-in-differences and matching methodologies. We find that those who were resettled to towns significantly increased both food consumption and diet variety, with increased intake of several macro- and micro-nutrients. Diet quality mostly improved, but we also found signs of over-consumption, notably of carbohydrates. Our evidence further suggests that our impacts are primarily due to improved market access. This stands in contrast to recent literature that finds little or no effect of living environments on food consumption. Instead, we reveal a significant impact of urban environments in shaping diets, bolstering the notion that supply-side channels do matter in some contexts.","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adding to the Woes: Heterogeneous Effects of Air Pollution on Pandemic Patients. 雪上加霜的是：空气污染对流行病患者的不同影响。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4930

Mengdi Liu, Xin Zhao

{"title":"Adding to the Woes: Heterogeneous Effects of Air Pollution on Pandemic Patients.","authors":"Mengdi Liu, Xin Zhao","doi":"10.1002/hec.4930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4930","url":null,"abstract":"While the direct health impacts of air pollution are widely discussed, its indirect effects, particularly during pandemics, are less explored. Utilizing detailed individual-level data from all designated hospitals in Wuhan during the initial COVID-19 outbreak, we examine the impact of air pollution exposure on treatment costs and health outcomes for COVID-19 patients. Our findings reveal that patients exposed more intensively to air pollution, identified by their residence in downwind areas of high-polluting enterprises, not only had worsened health outcomes but also consumed more medical resources. This increased demand is primarily due to their heightened vulnerability to cardiopulmonary conditions. Using a causal machine learning method called Causal Forests to estimate individual treatment effects, we uncover significant heterogeneity across demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, with older and economically disadvantaged patients showing particular vulnerability. These findings highlight the importance of considering environmental factors in pandemic preparedness and suggest the value of targeted interventions that account for demographic and socioeconomic variations in vulnerability.","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0