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Study of the operational conditions for ethyl esters production using residual frying oil and KF/clay catalyst in a continuous system 用残煎炸油和KF/粘土催化剂在连续系统中生产乙酯的操作条件研究
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.3989/gya.0322211
D. Zempulski, N. Postaue, N. Stevanato, H. Alves, C. Silva
{"title":"Study of the operational conditions for ethyl esters production using residual frying oil and KF/clay catalyst in a continuous system","authors":"D. Zempulski, N. Postaue, N. Stevanato, H. Alves, C. Silva","doi":"10.3989/gya.0322211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0322211","url":null,"abstract":"The transesterification of residual frying oil (RFO) with pressurized ethanol was carried out in a continuous reactor containing KF/clay as a heterogeneous catalyst. In the experiments, different oil:ethanol mass ratios were evaluated at 275 and 300 ºC and 20 MPa. In the sequence, the operational stability of the catalyst was evaluated for 8 hours, as well as the conduct of the reaction in two steps (testing new and recycled catalyst). An esters yield of ~90% was achieve at 275 ºC, for15 min and at 1:1.5 oil:ethanol mass ratio. Under these conditions, the catalyst provided a stable yield in the first 3 hours of operation, and a total decrease of 29% after 8 hours. This result can be attributed mainly to the leaching of the K+ cations for the reactions in which the catalyst was exposed to long operating times. The two-step reaction served to increase the RFO conversion to esters, with low thermal decomposition.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43625331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Chemical-functional composition of Terminalia catappa oils from different varieties 不同品种卡塔帕油的化学功能组成
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.3989/gya.0102211
O. Santos, S. Soares, P. Dias, S. Duarte, M. Santos, F. Nascimento, B. E. TEIXEIRA-COSTA
{"title":"Chemical-functional composition of Terminalia catappa oils from different varieties","authors":"O. Santos, S. Soares, P. Dias, S. Duarte, M. Santos, F. Nascimento, B. E. TEIXEIRA-COSTA","doi":"10.3989/gya.0102211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0102211","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to extract and physical-chemically characterize Terminalia catappa L. kernel oil from purple (CR) and yellow (CA) varieties. Physical-chemical parameters, composition of fatty acids, nutritional quality indices, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of both oil varieties were evaluated according to the literature. Both oils presented low levels of acidity and peroxides, besides the predominance of unsaturated fatty acids, ~63% of oleic and ~26% of linoleic acids, which influenced its nutritional indices. The CR oil variety exhibited a higher content in anthocyanin (18.3 ± 1.5 mg·100 g-1), ascorbic acid (68.4 ± 2.02 mg·100 g-1) and total polyphenol contents (152.3 ± 2.4 mg GAE·g-1), and a good antioxidant activity (38.6 ± 2.2 μg TE·g-1) determined by TEAC assay, when compared to the CA oil (p < 0.05). Therefore, the results confirm the importance of T. catappa as a lipid source for human consumption to be used in the development of food products.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41450209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Acidic and enzymatic pre-treatment effects on cold-pressed pumpkin, terebinth and flaxseed oils 酸性和酶促预处理对冷榨南瓜油、大麻素油和亚麻籽油的影响
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.3989/gya.0324211
Ş. Özkılıç, D. Arslan
{"title":"Acidic and enzymatic pre-treatment effects on cold-pressed pumpkin, terebinth and flaxseed oils","authors":"Ş. Özkılıç, D. Arslan","doi":"10.3989/gya.0324211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0324211","url":null,"abstract":"Oil yield and the properties of oil can be improved with various enzymatic pre-treatments before obtaining oil from oilseeds by cold-press extraction. A commercial mixture of pectolytic enzymes was used in this study. In addition, apple seed meal as a source of β-glucosidase enzyme and citric acid were applied to oilseeds (pumpkin, terebinth and flaxseed) as pre-treatments. The results were evaluated by comparing the effects of the pre-treatments on oil yield and properties. Enzyme preparate could increase the oil yield of pumpkin seeds (~300%) and flaxseed (151%). Significant increases in the phenolic contents of terebinth (from 91.67 to 319.33 mg GAE/kg) and flaxseed oils (from 12.03 to 40.47 mg GAE/kg) were achieved by citric acid and enzymatic pre-treatments. These two pre-treatments were also effective in terms of peroxide formation and oxidative stability in terebinth oil. With the help of the pre-treatments applied to oilseeds it was possible to increase the transition of phenolics from seeds to oil for terebinth oil with increase ratios of 245% for citric acid, 248% for the enzymatic process compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42746156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Color of extra virgin olive oils enriched with carotenoids from microalgae: influence of ultraviolet exposure and heating 富含微藻类胡萝卜素的特级初榨橄榄油的颜色:紫外线照射和加热的影响
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.3989/gya.0104211
M. Murillo, A. García, T. Lafarga, M. Melgosa, R. Bermejo
{"title":"Color of extra virgin olive oils enriched with carotenoids from microalgae: influence of ultraviolet exposure and heating","authors":"M. Murillo, A. García, T. Lafarga, M. Melgosa, R. Bermejo","doi":"10.3989/gya.0104211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0104211","url":null,"abstract":"A carotenoid-rich extract containing 2.5 mg/mL of lutein and 3.3 mg/mL of β-carotene from the microalga Scenedesmus almeriensis was added to ten extra virgin olive oils from four Spanish cultivars with differing degrees of ripeness, obtaining carotenoid enriched oils with lutein and β-carotene concentrations of 0.082 and 0.11 mg/mL, respectively. Extra virgin olive oils enriched with carotenoids from microalgae were studied by analyzing the effect on color of three different treatments: ultraviolet exposure, microwave heating and immersion bath heating. The methodology was designed to simulate, in controlled laboratory conditions, the effects of household treatments. Spectrophotometric color measurements were then performed to monitor color changes in the enriched and non-enriched extra virgin olive oil samples. Enriched oils are much more chromatic, darker and redder than natural oils. After 55 days UV irradiation, 40 min microwave heating, and 72 hours thermostatic heating, the average color differences for natural/enriched extra virgin olive oils were 98/117, 15/9 and 57/28 CIELAB units, respectively. In general, increasing temperature and ultraviolet exposure produced higher CIELAB color differences in the non-enriched samples. The addition of microalga extracts to extra virgin olive oils was found to induce some color stability and may constitute a future way of increasing the daily intake of beneficial bioactive compounds such as carotenoids.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42149928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Determination of nutritional health indexes of fresh bovine milk using near infrared spectroscopy 近红外光谱法测定新鲜牛乳营养健康指标
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.3989/gya.0450211
I. Lobos-Ortega, N. Pizarro-Aránguiz, N. Urrutia, M. Silva-Lemus, P. Pavez-Andrades, I. Subiabre-Riveros, D. Torres-Püschel
{"title":"Determination of nutritional health indexes of fresh bovine milk using near infrared spectroscopy","authors":"I. Lobos-Ortega, N. Pizarro-Aránguiz, N. Urrutia, M. Silva-Lemus, P. Pavez-Andrades, I. Subiabre-Riveros, D. Torres-Püschel","doi":"10.3989/gya.0450211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0450211","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine milk is one of the most complete foods that exist. During the last decades, milk FA have shown to improve human health due to the reduction in risk of cardiovascular disease and related pathologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) reflectance analysis to predict the nutritional value, fatty acid (FA) composition, and health index of fresh milk from dairy cows of pastoral systems. The prediction of Atherogenicity and Thrombogenicity indexes, along with other FA ratios in fresh milk samples by NIRS were precise and accurate. In addition, the calibration model obtained by NIRS provides an opportunity for the routine quantification of milk’s healthy FA such as omega-3 and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), with applications in the dairy industry for food labeling, and at the farm level for management of the dairy cow’s diet.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47632682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Optimization of date seed oil extraction using the assistance of hydrothermal and ultrasound technologies 水热和超声波辅助提取椰枣籽油的工艺优化
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.3989/gya.0109211
A. Mrabet, G. Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, R. Guillén-Bejarano, R. Rodríguez-Arcos, M. Sindic, A. Jiménez-Araujo
{"title":"Optimization of date seed oil extraction using the assistance of hydrothermal and ultrasound technologies","authors":"A. Mrabet, G. Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, R. Guillén-Bejarano, R. Rodríguez-Arcos, M. Sindic, A. Jiménez-Araujo","doi":"10.3989/gya.0109211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0109211","url":null,"abstract":"The date seed is a by-product from the date industry. Its use as a source of added-value compounds is of great interest. Oil accounts for 5-13% of the seed’s weight. Soxhlet extraction with organic solvents is the traditional method for obtaining oil from seeds. In this work, hydrothermal pre-treatments and sonication are proposed to make the extraction a more environmentally friendly process. Factors such as sonication time and temperature and hexane-to-seed ratio (H/S) have been considered. Response surface methodology was applied for optimization. Hydrothermal treatments increased oil recovery. H/S was the most influential factor, and was close to 7 mL/g seeds for both samples. 71% recovery was achieved for native seeds after 15 min sonication at 45 ºC, and 80% for 180 ºC-treated seeds after 45 min at 35 ºC when compared to Soxhlet extraction. These conditions comply with our initial aim. Pre-treatments seem to have a negative effect on oil stability, although this observation needs to be confirmed.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46731500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Physico-chemical characteristics and oxidative stability of oils from different Peruvian castor bean ecotypes 秘鲁不同生态型蓖麻油的理化特性和氧化稳定性
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.3989/gya.1016202
L. Huamán, S. Huincho, E. Aguirre, G. Rodríguez, A. Brandolini, A. Hidalgo
{"title":"Physico-chemical characteristics and oxidative stability of oils from different Peruvian castor bean ecotypes","authors":"L. Huamán, S. Huincho, E. Aguirre, G. Rodríguez, A. Brandolini, A. Hidalgo","doi":"10.3989/gya.1016202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1016202","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to assess the physico-chemical properties and shelf-life of oils press-extracted at two temperatures (60 °C and 80 °C) from five Peruvian castor bean ecotypes. A wide variation for all traits was observed. Low acidity index, low peroxide index and absence of p-anisidine were recorded. The total tocopherol contents ranged from 798 to 1040 mg/kg. A higher antioxidant capacity was detected in methanolic extracts than in hexane extract. From the Rancimat performed at 150-170 °C, the predicted shelf-life at 25 °C ranged from 0.15 to 8.93 years; the higher extraction temperature led to a longer shelf-life, probably because of enzyme inactivation.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41378124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Solvent-free synthesis of oleic acid-based wax esters using recyclable acidic deep eutectic solvent 利用可回收酸性深共熔溶剂无溶剂合成油酸基蜡酯
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.3989/gya.1007202
Z. Li, W. Liu, G. Yang
{"title":"Solvent-free synthesis of oleic acid-based wax esters using recyclable acidic deep eutectic solvent","authors":"Z. Li, W. Liu, G. Yang","doi":"10.3989/gya.1007202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1007202","url":null,"abstract":"Wax esters have been widely used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. Oleic acid wax esters can be used to replace spermaceti oil or jojoba oil. In this work, the acidic deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of choline chloride and p-toluenesulfonic acid (1:4, mol/mol) was used as an efficient recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of oleic acid-based liquid wax esters through an esterification reaction. The esterification conversion of cetyl alcohol reached 99.1% under the following optimal reaction conditions: 5% DES as catalyst, molar ratio of fatty acid to alcohol of 1.3:1 and reaction temperature of 70 oC for 3h. The catalyst recovery experiments showed that this low-price acidic DES catalyst could be reused five times with uniform activity. Moreover, DES-catalyzed solvent-free esterification could be applied in the preparation of other oleic acid-based wax esters and excellent conversions (> 96%) could be obtained under such mild conditions.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44601191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A comparative evaluation of chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from different chemotypes of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl 不同化学型樟树精油化学成分及抑菌活性的比较研究Presl
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.3989/gya.1014202
N. Wan, Y. Li, X.Y. Huang, Y.H. Li, Q. Zheng, Z.F. Wu
{"title":"A comparative evaluation of chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from different chemotypes of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl","authors":"N. Wan, Y. Li, X.Y. Huang, Y.H. Li, Q. Zheng, Z.F. Wu","doi":"10.3989/gya.1014202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1014202","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl leaves (CCPL) from 5 different habitats in China by GC-MS, and to evaluate their antimicrobial activities against 3 foodborne pathogens, using a paper disc diffusion method. A total of 30 compounds were identified with a predominance of oxygenated monoterpenes, including linalool (42.65%-96.47%), eucalyptol (39.07%-55.35%) and camphor (26.08%) as well as monoterpene hydrocarbons such as sabinene (6.18%-12.93%) and α-terpineol (8.19%-13.81%). Through cluster analysis, CCPL from 5 different habitats can be well divided into 2 categories. Combining with principal component analysis, the habitats can be better correlated with the chemical constituents of the essential oils. The antimicrobial activities of 5 extracted essential oils against 2 gram-negative bacteria and one gram-positive bacteria were assessed. It showed that the essential oil extracted from the CCPL harvested in Jinxi had the strongest antibacterial property. The results of this study provided basis for resource identification of CCPL and quality difference identification of essential oils. Research on the antibacterial properties of several pathogenic strains has proved its application value as a natural food preservative.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48063960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antioxidant activity, polyphenolic composition and in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of tea seed oil 茶籽油的抗氧化活性、多酚组成及体外抗菌、抗真菌活性
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学
Grasas y Aceites Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.3989/gya.1229202
H. K. Ruto, J. Yugi, S. O. Ochanda, C. Bii
{"title":"Antioxidant activity, polyphenolic composition and in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of tea seed oil","authors":"H. K. Ruto, J. Yugi, S. O. Ochanda, C. Bii","doi":"10.3989/gya.1229202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1229202","url":null,"abstract":"The polyphenolic composition and antioxidant activity of tea seed oil from C. sinensis TRFK 301/5 (green colored) and TRFK 306 (purple colored) and C. oleifera were evaluated. The total polyphenolic content, total catechins and catechin fractions were significantly different in the oils. C. oleifera contained significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher amounts of catechins and polyphenols than C. sinensis. C. oleifera also exhibited a higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (18.81 ± 0.46%) compared to C. sinensis (TRFK 306; 15.98 ± 0.13 and TRFK 301/5; 14.73 ± 0.47%). The antimicrobial activities of tea seed oil and two selected oils (olive and eucalyptus oil), were also evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candinda albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. S. aureus was significantly inhibited by the oils compared to E. coli. The oils inhibited the growth of T. mentagrophytes and C. albicans, although they had no effect on C. neoformans. Tea seed oil is a potential source of beneficial phytochemicals and potent antimicrobial agents.","PeriodicalId":12839,"journal":{"name":"Grasas y Aceites","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48191779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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