{"title":"Comparison of homofugality among alkyl groups attached to tin atom","authors":"Akio Kamimura, Tatsuro Yoshinaga, Koichiro Miyazaki, Takuji Kawamoto","doi":"10.1002/hc.21469","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21469","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dibutylmethyltin hydride and <i>tert</i>-butyldibutyltin hydride were employed to examine radical cascade reaction of aza-1,6-enyne for the preliminary estimation of homofugality between alkyl groups by product distribution analysis. Use of either dibutylmethyltin hydride or <i>tert</i>-butyldibutyltin hydride preferentially produced butylmethylstannolane, in which butyl group was mainly substituted by vinyl radical.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48399593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mitsunori Honda, Kohei Ashizawa, Ko-Ki Kunimoto, Masahito Segi
{"title":"Synthesis of novel fluorous pyridinium ionic liquids","authors":"Mitsunori Honda, Kohei Ashizawa, Ko-Ki Kunimoto, Masahito Segi","doi":"10.1002/hc.21464","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21464","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The synthesis of a novel class of fluorous ionic liquids was investigated. The 2,6-diperfluoroalkyl-substituted pyridinium salts <b>2b</b>-<b>f</b> were solids at ambient temperature and insoluble in perfluoromethylcyclohexane. The addition of much further fluorous alkyl group to nitrogen atom of 2,6-disubstituted pyridines <b>1</b> did not proceed to afford the pyridinium salts <b>3</b> having two or three perfluoroalkyl groups. On the other hand, the reaction of 3,5-diperfluoroalkyl-substituted pyridine <b>4</b> with perfluoroalkyl iodide proceeded to give <i>N</i>-perfluoroalkylpyridinium salts <b>6a</b> and <b>7a</b> in good yields. Furthermore, the addition of tris(perfluoroalkyl)silylpropyl iodide afforded the corresponding pyridinium salt <b>8a</b> excellently. The anion exchange of the resulting iodides gave the ionic liquids with high fluorophilicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49320550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Behavior of I4 σ(4c–6e) in tellurolane system and related species, elucidated by QTAIM dual functional analysis with QC calculations","authors":"Satoko Hayashi, Taro Nishide, Waro Nakanishi","doi":"10.1002/hc.21462","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21462","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The nature of the <sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>A</sup>I and <sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>B</sup>I interactions in <sup>B</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>B</sup>I of I<sub>4</sub> σ(4c–6e) in the tellurolane system, C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub>(I)Te–I···I–I···I–Te(I)C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>8</sub> (<b>1</b>), and the models is elucidated with QTAIM dual functional analysis (QTAIM-DFA). Asterisks (<sub>*</sub>) are employed to emphasize the existence of bond critical points (BCPs) on the interactions in question. Data from the fully optimized structures correspond to the static nature. Data from the perturbed structures around the fully optimized ones with the fully optimized structures represent the dynamic nature of interactions in QTAIM-DFA. The <sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>A</sup>I and <sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>B</sup>I interactions in the optimized structure of <b>1</b> (<i>C</i><sub>i</sub>)<sub>calcd</sub> are predicted to have the Cov-w (weak covalent) nature appeared in the shared shell region and the <i>t</i>-HB<sub>wc</sub> (typical hydrogen bonds with covalency) nature appeared in the regular closed shell (<i>r</i>-CS) region, respectively. However, both <sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>A</sup>I and <sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>B</sup>I interactions in the observed structure in crystals (<b>1</b> (<i>C</i><sub>i</sub>)<sub>obsd</sub>) appear in the <i>r</i>-CS region. The isolated structure of only one molecule in vacuum for <b>1</b> (<i>C</i><sub>i</sub>)<sub>calcd</sub> vs that surrounded by the same molecules for <b>1</b> (<i>C</i><sub>i</sub>)<sub>obsd</sub> arises the different results. The nature of <sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>A</sup>I and <sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>B</sup>I in <sup>B</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>A</sup>I-<sub>*</sub>-<sup>B</sup>I of I<sub>4</sub> σ(4c–6e) for the models is similarly analyzed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47331116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regio- and stereoselective addition of trans-Pt(TeAr)(SiMe3)(PEt3)2 to terminal alkynes leading to cis-[(Z)-β-trimethylsilylalkenyl]platinum(II) complexes","authors":"Li-Biao Han, Farzad Mirzaei, Shigeru Shimada","doi":"10.1002/hc.21463","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21463","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Selective insertion of terminal alkynes RC≡CH into the Si—Pt bond of <i>trans</i>-Pt(TeAr)(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)(PEt<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> took place readily to produce the corresponding novel alkenyl complexes <i>cis</i>-Pt(TeAr)[(<i>Z</i>)-CR=CHSiMe<sub>3</sub>](PEt<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. The structure of the complex was characterized by an X-ray analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21463","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42288286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new method to prepare functional phosphines through steady-state photolysis of triarylphosphines†","authors":"Shinro Yasui, Taro Ando, Masashi Ozaki, Yuya Ogawa, Kosei Shioji","doi":"10.1002/hc.21468","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21468","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The steady-state photolysis of triarylphosphine, Ar<sub>3</sub>P, was carried out using a xenon lamp or a high-pressure mercury lamp under an argon atmosphere in a solvent containing a functional group, CH<sub>3</sub>X. Gas chromatograph-mass spectroscopic analysis on the photolysis showed that a phosphine to which the functional group from the solvent is incorporated, Ar<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>X, was formed in a moderate yield, along with tetraaryldiphosphine, Ar<sub>2</sub>PPAr<sub>2</sub>. The product, Ar<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>CN, from the photolysis in acetonitrile (X=CN) was isolated by column chromatography. In the photolysis in other solvents tried here (ethyl acetate, acetone, 2-butanone, and 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone), Ar<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>X formed in the reaction mixture was so labile on a silica-gel column that it was treated with S<sub>8</sub> powder to convert to the corresponding phosphine sulfide, Ar<sub>2</sub>P(=S)CH<sub>2</sub>X. The resulting phosphine sulfide was isolated by column chromatography. The isolated products in these reactions, Ar<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>CN and Ar<sub>2</sub>P(=S)CH<sub>2</sub>X, were characterized by <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C, and <sup>31</sup>P NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis or high-resolution mass spectroscopy. The formation of Ar<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>X as well as Ar<sub>2</sub>PPAr<sub>2</sub> is explained by homolytic cleavage of a P-C bond of Ar<sub>3</sub>P in the photoexcited state. This reactivity of Ar<sub>3</sub>P in the photoexcited state is in sharp contrast to that exerted under aerobic conditions, where Ar<sub>3</sub>P in the photoexcited state donates readily an electron to oxygen producing the radical cation, Ar<sub>3</sub>P<sup>·+</sup>. This photoreaction, which affords a functional phosphine, Ar<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>X, in one-pot with generating very small amounts of unidentified side products, has potential for use in preparing functional phosphines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46397028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical modification of carbon nanotubes with a dendrimer bearing terminal mercaptoundecahydrododecaborates (Na2B12H11S)","authors":"Masahiro Yamagami, Tomoyuki Tajima, Kango Ishimoto, Hideaki Miyake, Hiroyuki Michiue, Yutaka Takaguchi","doi":"10.1002/hc.21467","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21467","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The thiol-substituted B<sub>12</sub>-cluster mercaptoundecahydro-<i>closo</i>-dodecaborate Na<sub>2</sub>[B<sub>12</sub>H<sub>11</sub>SH] (BSH) was successfully attached to a poly(amido)amine (PAMAM) dendrimer, which contains a bis(decyloxy)decane core. The physical modification of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with <b>dendrimer(</b><b>SB</b><sub><b>12</b></sub><b>)</b><sub><b>4</b></sub> afforded a SWCNT/<b>dendrimer(</b><b>SB</b><sub><b>12</b></sub><b>)</b><sub><b>4</b></sub> nanohybrid that exhibited NIR-I-to-NIR-II fluorescence. Herein, we describe a promising strategy for in vivo imaging of boron clusters that may be widely applicable to boron neutron capture therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21467","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45993886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caterina Viglianisi, Stefano Menichetti, Paola Morelli, Andrea Baschieri, Riccardo Amorati
{"title":"From catechol-tocopherol to catechol-hydroquinone polyphenolic antioxidant hybrids","authors":"Caterina Viglianisi, Stefano Menichetti, Paola Morelli, Andrea Baschieri, Riccardo Amorati","doi":"10.1002/hc.21466","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21466","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multidefence antioxidants represent a valuable solution for the protection against oxidative stress. From the planned synthesis of a catechol-tocopherol hybrid, we isolated a catechol-hydroquinone hybrid through a BBr<sub>3</sub>-mediated benzochromene-fluoren-1-ol transposition. The compound prepared showed a remarkable chain-breaking antioxidant in the catechol portion, while the very sensitive hydroquinone moiety revealed to be an efficient generator of hydroperoxyl radicals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41639506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dehydrogenative Sn–E (E = S, Se) bond formation catalyzed by an iron complex","authors":"Masumi Itazaki, Yudai Ogawa, Wataru Nakamura, Hiroshi Nakazawa","doi":"10.1002/hc.21461","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21461","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Iron complex-catalyzed dehydrogenative Sn–E (E = S, Se) bond formation of hydrostannane with thiol and selenol was achieved. All new compounds were fully characterized using <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C{<sup>1</sup>H}, <sup>77</sup>Se{<sup>1</sup>H}, and <sup>119</sup>Sn{<sup>1</sup>H} NMR measurements and elemental analyses. The structure of 1,1′-(1,3-dithia-2,2-dibutylstanyl)-[3]ferrocenophane was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21461","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48875464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-assembly of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds constructed by thianthrene units and their sulfonium salts","authors":"Kazunori Hirabayashi, Kenki Ebine, Youhei Kawabata, Yoshihiro Yoshida, Toshio Shimizu","doi":"10.1002/hc.21459","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21459","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The self-assembly of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds, 5,6,11,12,17,18-hexathia-5,6,11,12,17,18-hexahydrotrinaphthylene and 5,7,12,14-tetrathiapentacene having octyloxy groups <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>, was examined. Sulfides <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> self-assembled to form fibrous materials. The methylation reactions of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> proceeded to give monomethylated sulfonium salts <b>3</b> and <b>4</b>, and the self-assembly of <b>3</b> and <b>4</b> was also studied. Fibrous materials of sulfonium salts <b>3</b> and <b>4</b> were formed in hexane/CHCl<sub>3</sub> solution. The structure of the fibrous material of <b>3</b> might be similar to that of the fibrous material of <b>1</b>. The aggregation behavior of <b>1</b> and <b>3</b> in cyclohexane-<i>d</i><sub>12</sub> was studied by VT <sup>1</sup>H NMR measurements at various concentrations. VT <sup>1</sup>H NMR measurements revealed that the stacking structure of <b>1</b> was different from that of <b>3</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21459","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48539341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hossein Roohollahi, Rouein Halladj, Hadis Ebrahimi, Sima Askari
{"title":"An overall experimental analysis: Effects of synthetic parameters on the degree of order of mesochannels in nano-sized Al-MCM-41","authors":"Hossein Roohollahi, Rouein Halladj, Hadis Ebrahimi, Sima Askari","doi":"10.1002/hc.21457","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hc.21457","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In an experimental and statistical study, the effects of five synthesis parameters on the degree of order of nano-sized Al-MCM-41 were basically investigated. In a series of designed experiments, hydrothermal conditions (temperature and time), Si/Al, NaOH/Si, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/Si molar ratios were studied each at three levels. Degree of order of mesoporous channels was evaluated using small angle XRD. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption technique, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM-TEM), and field-emission SEM were also applied to detect the textural properties and the morphology of prepared nanoparticles. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and mapping (EDS-Map), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, and small angle X-ray scattering were provided as complementary analyses. An accurate reduced quadratic equation was proposed as a function of effective terms in good agreement with the experimental results. Based on the analysis of variance, the amount of aluminum incorporated, sodium hydroxide, and the hydrothermal treatment duration was found to possess more dramatic effects on the degree of order than the other factors. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of a well-ordered Al-MCM-41 were also obtained with the lowest template and the minimum hydrothermal duration verified by two validation tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":12816,"journal":{"name":"Heteroatom Chemistry","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/hc.21457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43619673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}