{"title":"The composite Kortrijk section (W Belgium): a key reference for mid-Ypresian (Early Eocene) stratigraphy in the southern North Sea Basin","authors":"É. Steurbaut, C. King","doi":"10.20341/GB.2017.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2017.008","url":null,"abstract":"The upper part of the Kortrijk Clay Formation (the Roubaix Clay and Aalbeke Clay Members of mid-Ypresian age) has been exposed in road and canal cuttings and clay quarries in the Kortrijk area (western Belgium), and penetrated by several cored boreholes. It is overlain disconformably by the Mont-Panisel Sand Member of the Hyon Sand Formation (upper middle Ypresian). The Roubaix Clay Member contains diverse and well-preserved calcareous nannofossils, dinoflagellate cysts, foraminifera, ostracods and other calcitic microfossils, and less well-preserved mollusc assemblages, while the Aalbeke Clay Member is secondarily decalcified. The calcareous nannofossil subdivision of upper NP11 and lower NP12 has been recognised in the Kortrijk area, and calibrated with the NW European mid-Ypresian dinoflagellate cyst, ostracod and planktonic foraminiferal zones and datums (e.g. Subbotina influx). Several medium-scale depositional sequences, with an estimated duration of 400 kyr or less, have been recorded. Their respective boundaries coincide with the resistivity maxima identified on the majority of the wireline log profiles of the Belgian Ypresian. Integrated biostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic analysis enables correlation with other areas in Belgium, with the London Clay Formation of southern England, and with the standard chronostratigraphic scale. A marine erosion surface has been identified at the base of Unit 20 in the Kortrijk area (mid-Ypresian, early Biochron NP12, middle C24n.1n, ~ 52.8 Ma), corresponding to the first occurrence of estuarine channel-fill units in southern England. This indicates a brief but profound sea-level fall, either eustatically or tectonically controlled. The composite Kortrijk section is proposed as a reference section for the middle Ypresian in the southern North Sea Basin, and for similar settings in midto high-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (e.g. Kazakhstan and Crimea).","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"9 1","pages":"125-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77959157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Le complexe sédimentaire de la Galerie des Verviétois (Grotte de Han-sur-Lesse, Belgique)","authors":"Y. Quinif","doi":"10.20341/GB.2017.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2017.005","url":null,"abstract":"La galerie des Vervietois de la grotte de Han-sur-Lesse renferme une serie sedimentaire constituee d’une formation detritique inferieure coiffee par une formation stalagmitique terminee par des stalagmites. Cette serie se retrouve depuis l’entree du « trou du salpetre » jusqu’a la salle du Styx ou coule la Lesse souterraine. Situee a une altitude plus haute d’une dizaine de metres de la surface piezometrique d’etiage, cette serie temoigne du fonctionnement de la galerie lors de phases climatiques anterieures a la derniere glaciation. Nous presentons les resultats de l’etude lithostratigraphique et granulometrique de la formation detritique, montrant qu’elle est constituee de deux sequences granodecroissantes faisant partie d’une sequence d’assechement terminee par la croissance de la formation stalagmitique. Les datations du plancher stalagmitique situent la plus grande partie de ce dernier dans le stade isotopique 5. Le sommet a enregistre une partie du stade 3 situe au milieu de la derniere glaciation. Le plancher au site de « la foret » a fourni deux carottages dont la base a fourni des âges appartenant aux stades isotopiques 7 et 9, montrant ainsi que la galerie a connu un fonctionnement durant plusieurs cycles climatiques.","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"27 1","pages":"81-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83431465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Micropalaeontological dating of the Prémontré mammal fauna (MP10, Prémontré Sands, EECO, early late Ypresian, Paris Basin)","authors":"É. Steurbaut, J. D. Coninck, S. V. Simaeys","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.006","url":null,"abstract":"1. IntroductionAs a result of long-term and intensive fossil collecting (see Russell, 1964; Rat, 1965 and Louis, 1996 for overviews) the Paris Basin has become one of the hot spots in the reconstruction of Paleogene continental mammal evolution, and the home of about two thirds of the reference levels of the European Paleogene mammalian biochronological scale (Schmidt-Kittler, 1987). This particular status is also due to its position along the eastern edge of the Atlantic Ocean, allowing marine and continental strata to meet, and its particular tectonic history. Large parts of the Paris Basin were affected by strong subsidence generating relatively complete and rather thick sedimentary successions, marine as well as continental (Gely & Lorenz, 1991; Duprat, 1997a). In spring 1980, an almost 20 m thick succession of essentially sandy sediments has been exposed during works inside the Psychiatric Hospital of Premontre. This hospital was built on the ruins of the medieval Premontre Abbey, about 15 km west of the city of Laon, in the northeast of the Paris Basin (Fig. 1). Since its discovery scientists have been mainly focussing on the lower part of the Premontre section (unit 2 of Degremont et al., 1985, for which these authors introduced the term Premontre Sands), which yielded an intriguing mix of continental, terrestrial as well as aquatic, and marine fossils. A preliminary list of these taxa was given by Degremont et al. (1985), mentioning plant fragments (seeds, wood, leaf","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"116 10 1","pages":"273-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90237485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reactive transport modelling of ore mineral zoning and the paragenesis of copper sulfides in sediment-hosted stratiform ore deposits, the Katanga Copperbelt (DRC)","authors":"P. Muchez, M. Corbella","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.005","url":null,"abstract":"1. Introduction and geological settingSediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits are characterized by including several types of sulfide and oxide minerals that exhibit different zoning and paragenesis. Stratiform copper mineralization in the Katanga Copperbelt (Democratic Republic of Congo; Fig. 1) took place in the Neoproterozoic Katanga Supergroup, mainly in the Roan Group, but also in the Nguba and Kundelungu Groups. The Nguba Group overlies the Roan Group and consists at its base of the Grand Conglomerat, a glacial deposit. The Nguba Group is overlain by the Kundelungu Group, with the Petit Conglomerat at its base. The latter is also a diamictite deposit (Cailteux et al., 2005). Two main ore bodies are present in the Mines Subgroup in the lower part of the Roan Group, i.e. the Lower and Upper Orebody. Between both ore bodies, a barren or weakly mineralized member, the Roches Siliceuses Cellulaire (RSC), occurs. The host rock of the two ore bodies is formed by dolomitic shales, siltstones and stromatolitic dolomites (Cailteux et al., 2005). The latter shales and siltstones contain lenticular layers and nodules of pseudomorphs after anhydrite and very early diagenetic pyrite (Cailteux et al., 2005). The RSC is interpreted to originally represent massive stromatolitic dolomites with some interbedded dolomitic siltstone, and thus biogenic carbonates. Figure 1. Location of the Central African Copperbelt and of the most important ore deposits (after Cailteux et al. 2005).Numer","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"1 1","pages":"219-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82489456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chanopsis lombardi (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) from the continental Lower Cretaceous of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Comments on the evolution of the caudal skeleton within osteoglossiform fishes","authors":"L. Taverne","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.015","url":null,"abstract":"Chanopsis lombardi (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) du Cretace inferieur continental de la Republique Democratique du Congo. Commentaires sur l’evolution du squelette caudal chez les poissons osteoglossiformes. Le crâne, la ceinture pectorale, les vertebres, le squelette caudal et les ecailles du teleosteen osteoglossiforme Chanopsis lombardi, du Cretace inferieur continental de la Republique Democratique du Congo, sont etudies en details. Les caracteres caudaux et les ecailles de Chanopsis situent ce poisson comme le membre le plus primitif de la famille des Osteoglossidae sensu lato (incluant les Pantodontidae et les Arapaimidae), ceux des Singididae (Singida et Chauliopareion) montrent que cette famille represente une lignee distincte des Osteoglossidae.","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"4 1","pages":"291-301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91351532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detailed characterization of the Late Pleistocene loess sequence stratigraphy of Remicourt (Hesbaye region, Belgium) with cone penetration tests","authors":"S. Delvoie, F. Boulvain, R. Charlier, F. Collin","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.011","url":null,"abstract":"1. IntroductionLoess is an aeolian deposit characterized by a very well sorted grain size distribution predominantly ranging between 10-50 µm (corresponding to coarse silt from ASTM D2487-06). In its detailed definition of loess, Pecsi (1990, 1995) added that the weight percentage of the silt fraction corresponds to 40-70%. Geologists, geomorphologists and soil scientists usually consider this material as a sedimentary sequence with heterogeneities even at local scale (palaeosols, unconformity surfaces, palaeovalleys...). In addition to preliminary survey works, characterization of loess and resulting interpretations are classically performed by sedimentological (e.g. Antoine et al., 2013; Guo et al., 2013), pedological (e.g. Ding et al., 1999; Schellenberger & Veit, 2006), mineralogical (e.g. Smykatz-Kloss et al., 2004; Pouclet et al., 2008; Pouclet & Juvigne, 2009) and chronostratigraphic (e.g. Buylaert et al., 2008; Roberts, 2008) studies. Results of these studies point out a succession of layers and horizons including removed sediments, eventual tephra (e.g. Pouclet et al., 2008; Pouclet & Juvigne, 2009) and post-depositional processes as palaeosols formation (e.g. Antoine et al., 2013; Guo et al., 2013; Schellenberger & Veit, 2006), redox processes, chemical and mineralogical modifications (e.g. Schellenberger & Veit, 2006). Moreover, loess deposits are very easily erodible, raising the complexity for stratigraphic studies due to the presence of locally eroded layers and","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"71 1","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85906535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mississippian (Early Carboniferous) sequence stratigraphy of the Rhenish Kulm Basin, Germany","authors":"H. Herbig","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.010","url":null,"abstract":"1. IntroductionThe relation between sea-level variations and sedimentary sequences that are bound by erosional unconformities was already elucidated by Sloss et al. (1949) and Sloss (1963) concerning the cratonic sequences of the conterminous U.S. (see also Sloss, 1988). However, only introduction of sequence stratigraphy on a seismic scale (Vail et al., 1977) caused a revolution of stratigraphic studies (Van Wagoner et al., 1987, 1989; Vail et al., 1991). It was a major step to understand the lateral genetic relationships of rock units in platform‑slope‑basin transects as well as their vertical genetic superposition, both based on the unifying aspect of relative sea-level changes. In the meantime, a plethora of studies is available from all kinds of sedimentary lithotypes throughout geological times, ranging from the sequence stratigraphic interpretation of single sections to seismic scale basins. However, most studies are devoted to shallow-marine platform settings. Sequence stratigraphic approaches to continental and basinal settings are underrepresented, and for the latter are almost completely confined to siliciclastic turbidite fan systems. Case studies and principles for deeper marine settings were reviewed by Catuneanu (2006) and Catuneanu et al. (2009, 2011), but miss an example of a complex deeper water foreland basin with differentiated lithosomes, as seen in the European and Northwest African Kulm basins.Herein, the sequence stratigraphic development of the Missis","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"35 1","pages":"81-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78617123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Dinantian (Mississippian) succession of southern Belgium and surrounding areas: stratigraphy improvement and inferred climate reconstruction","authors":"É. Poty","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.014","url":null,"abstract":"1. IntroductionAfter fundamental works such as those of de Dorlodot (1910) and Delepine (1911), the stratigraphy and the sedimentology of the Belgian Dinantian – a term better describing the Lower Carboniferous carbonate strata in western and central Europe than ‘Mississippian’ – were the subject of numerous papers during the 1960th and 1980th by various authors (Pirlet, Groessens, Bless, Bouckaert and others), mainly under the leadership of Raphael Conil. Especially the litho- and biostratigraphic work was summarized in two important synopses: Paproth et al. (1983) and Conil et al. (1991). In the first decade of this century, the older stratigraphic framework has been significantly revised and new basin-wide correlation schemes have been developed using bio-, chrono-, litho- and sequence stratigraphy – mainly in Hance et al. (2001, 2002, 2006), Poty et al. (2002a, 2006) and Devuyst (2006, for the Tournaisian – Visean boundary). These works led to a relatively coherent bio-, litho- and sequence stratigraphic model, which can be efficiently used in the Eurasia realm in shallow-water (e.g. Hance et al., 2011; Poty et al., 2007, 2014) and deeper water facies (e.g. Aretz, 2016, this volume; Herbig, 2016, this volume). This model also enabled the redefinition of the Belgian substages. Their boundaries can be correlated globally, which shows their high potential for further chronostratigraphic subdivision of the Carboniferous (Poty et al., 2014). Consequently, the Dinantian success","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"13 1","pages":"177-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90734154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Devonian and Carboniferous research: homage to Professor Edouard Poty - Foreword","authors":"J. Denayer, M. Aretz","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.016","url":null,"abstract":"This special volume in homage to Edouard – Eddy – Poty is dedicated to several scientific topics he developed during his career. Rather than an alphabetic or stratigraphic ordering of the contributions, we chose to present the papers following Eddy’s topical chronology, as detailed in the bio- and bibliography of Edouard Poty (compilation by J. Denayer and colleagues).Hence, the first paper deals not only with Eddy’s oldest interest, the Visean rugose corals from southern Belgium, but also the locality, which he has most intensely studied and sampled during his career, Royseux. J. Denayer and colleagues present in that opening paper the description of this Late Visean biodiversity palaeo-hotspot in Belgium. It is self-explaining that Eddy is one of the co-authors. Because taxonomic descriptions are a big and fundamental piece of Eddy’s work, V. Ogar presents herein a paper on the systematic of some selected Carboniferous corals from the Ukrainian Donets Basin.Stratigraphy based on rugose corals is another one of Eddy’s oldest research topics. In this volume it is represented by the contribution of S. Rodriguez and colleagues dealing with Serpukhovian coral biostratigraphy in Morocco.The paper by J.W. Pickett is dedicated to the palaeoecology of the rugose coral genus Symplectophyllum from the Lower Carboniferous of Australia, reflecting one of Eddy’s first paper’s on palaeoenvironmental pressure on corals.The following paper on Visean storm deposits south of the Yangtze Old L","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88239512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disrupted continental environments around the Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary: introduction of the tener event","authors":"Cyrille Prestianni, Marie Sautois, J. Denayer","doi":"10.20341/GB.2016.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20341/GB.2016.013","url":null,"abstract":"1. Introduction The Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary (DCB) is associated with one of the most severe biocrises through the Phanereozoic, namely the Hangenberg Event or Hangenberg Biocrisis. Long considered as a second-order extinction event, this biocrisis is now regarded as equally severe as the global Late Frasnian Kellwasser Biocrisis as it led c. 45% of marine genera to extinction and wiped out entire ecosystems at the end of the Famennian Age (Becker et al., 2016 and references within). Research traditionally focused on the Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary, i.e. for the search for a basal Carboniferous GSSP and a biostratigraphic scheme, but high resolution data on extinctions all through the Hangenberg Biocrisis are still a work in progress, and mainly concern the marine realm (see the synopsis by Kaiser et al., 2015 and references within). What happened on continents is less clear. The latest Famennian flora is traditionally seen as a homogeneous cover of “Archaeopteridalean forests” (Fairon-Demaret, 1986; Jarvis, 1990) that is associated to the homogeneous “lepidophyta palynoflora” (Streel et al., 2000) typical of that interval. This assemblage suffered from the biocrisis but did not become extinct before the DCB (Streel & Marshall, 2006). Consequently, there is a marked time shift between the main extinction events in the marine and terrestrial realms, which points to clear differences on the effects of the biocrisis between both realms (e.g. McGhee, 2013). Timing of t","PeriodicalId":12812,"journal":{"name":"Geologica Belgica","volume":"51 1","pages":"135-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2016-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86572605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}