{"title":"15 Paired Electrolysis","authors":"T. Wu, K. Moeller","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00331","url":null,"abstract":"While paired electrochemical reactions have a history that can be traced back to the 19th century and have been very effectively used for the production of commercial products, the larger synthetic community has only recently started to embrace the opportunities this approach offers to maximize the overall energy and atom efficiency of electrochemical processes. In this review, a summary of these efforts is presented in the context of four classes of paired electrochemical reactions. These classes of reaction involve parallel processing of products at the anode and cathode, divergent reactions that use a single starting material in different ways, convergent reactions that combine products made at the anode and cathode, and sequential reactions that pass a substrate between the electrodes.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125039919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3 Methods and Materials Applied in Electrosynthesis","authors":"P. Enders, R. Francke","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00029","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter is intended as a tutorial for the organic chemist and to serve as an introductory guide to the technical and methodological aspects of electrosynthesis. The most important reaction parameters, methods, and materials are covered both from a practical point of view and in their physicochemical context.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"261 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115594285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"11 Electrophotocatalysis","authors":"J. Galczynski, H. Huang, T. Lambert","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00213","url":null,"abstract":"Electrocatalysis and photocatalysis have proven to be powerful strategies for molecular synthesis. Recently, methods that combine the power of light and electricity within a single catalyst have been reported. This area, termed electrophotocatalysis, offers new opportunities to promote challenging transformations. This chapter covers recent work in this area and demonstrates some of the possibilities offered by these approaches for rapidly constructing complex structures through the merger of electrochemical and photochemical energy.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122896598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"13 Electrochemistry in Laboratory Flow Systems","authors":"A. Folgueiras‐Amador, J. Hodgson, R. Brown","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00258","url":null,"abstract":"Organic electrosynthesis in flow reactors is an area of increasing interest, with efficient mass transport and high electrode area to reactor volume present in many flow electrolysis cell designs facilitating higher rates of production with high selectivity. The controlled reaction environment available in flow cells also offers opportunities to develop new electrochemical processes. In this chapter, various types of electrochemical flow cells are reviewed in the context of laboratory synthesis, paying particular attention to how the different reactor environments impact upon the electrochemical processes, and the factors responsible for good cell performance. Coverage includes well-established plane-parallel-plate designs, reactors with small interelectrode gaps, extended-channel electrolysis cells, and highly sophisticated designs with rapidly rotating electrodes to enhance mass transport. In each case, illustrative electrosyntheses are presented.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131425322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"4 Electroreductive Reactions","authors":"P. Schiltz, C. Gosmini","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00075","url":null,"abstract":"This review covers a variety of electroreductive reactions. A range of catalyzed electroreductive cross-coupling reactions, electroreduction of various functional groups and carbon dioxide, decarboxylation reactions, and oxygen reduction reactions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"312 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133512834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"10 Redox Mediators in Organic Electrochemistry","authors":"R. Francke, A. Prudlik, R. Little","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00197","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter is intended to serve as a mini-tutorial rather than a comprehensive review. Discussions focus upon fundamental aspects of electrochemically mediated electron transfer. Examples are provided to illustrate the major concepts and a sample procedure is provided.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125574807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"12 Asymmetric Electrosynthesis","authors":"K. Yamamoto, M. Kuriyama, O. Onomura","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00237","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter addresses the basic terminology of electrochemistry and its fundamental mechanisms of electron and mass transfer. The general setup and most important analytical methods are introduced to provide the reader with the theoretical prerequisites for the implementation of electrochemical transformations into organic synthesis.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124299343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Scheremetjew, T. H. Meyer, Z. Lin, L. Massignan
{"title":"2 Fundamental Principles of Organic Electrochemistry","authors":"A. Scheremetjew, T. H. Meyer, Z. Lin, L. Massignan","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter addresses the basic terminology of electrochemistry and its fundamental mechanisms of electron and mass transfer. The general setup and most important analytical methods are introduced to provide the reader with the theoretical prerequisites for the implementation of electrochemical transformations into organic synthesis.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132734057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"7 Electrochemically Generated Nitrogen-Centered Radicals","authors":"Z. Hou, H. Xu","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00136","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen-centered radicals are versatile reactive intermediates for organic synthesis. This chapter describes recent progress in the electrochemical generation and reactions of nitrogen-centered radicals. Under electrochemical conditions, various nitrogen-centered radicals are generated through electrolysis of readily available precursors such as N—H bonds or azides. These reactive intermediates undergo addition reactions to π-systems or hydrogen-atom abstraction to generate various nitrogen-containing compounds.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"545 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114445290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"6 Bipolar Electrochemistry for Synthesis","authors":"E. Villani, S. Inagi","doi":"10.1055/sos-sd-236-00125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-236-00125","url":null,"abstract":"Bipolar electrochemistry has gained remarkable interest in recent years, especially in the fields of materials science and organic electrosynthesis. This is due to the interesting features of this particular electrochemical technology, such as the contactless nature of the electrochemical reactions, the use of low concentrations of supporting electrolytes, and the synergetic action of electrophoresis and electrolysis. In this chapter, the most important contributions regarding bipolar electrochemistry for the electrosynthesis of novel functional materials are reviewed. These contributions include the most traditional industrial applications and bipolar reactors for electroorganic synthesis, as well as innovative approaches for the fabrication of anisotropic materials and gradient surfaces. The peculiar characteristics of bipolar electrochemistry in these fields are emphasized.","PeriodicalId":128112,"journal":{"name":"Electrochemistry in Organic Synthesis","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114829198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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