{"title":"Behaviour disorders and other characteristics of the population of a mental handicap hospital","authors":"C. Kiernan, S. Moss","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1990.TB00077.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1990.TB00077.X","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents information on the characteristics of 981 people living in a mental handicap hospital, including their sex, age, sensory and physical impairments, and level of behaviour disorder, and examines the inter-relation of these features. The findings indicate that health and local authorities should take particular note of two features, age and behaviour disorders, when developing and implementing their resettlement policies for people with mental handicaps.","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114163366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parent Education Program for Parents with Mental Handicaps: Clarification of Effects","authors":"M. Feldman","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00058.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00058.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128093147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"STAFF'S ATTITUDES AND WORKING CONDITIONS IN COMMUNITY‐BASED GROUP HOMES OF PEOPLE WITH MENTAL HANDICAPS","authors":"B. Kroese, I. Fleming","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1992.TB00171.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1992.TB00171.X","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty Social Services care staff, working in small group homes with people with mental handicaps, completed a questionnaire concerning their working conditions and their attitudes on work and training opportunities. It was found that most staff reported considerable job satisfaction as well as some job stress. Overall scores of satisfaction and stress were more extreme than when the various job components were rated separately. Two areas of work associated with high job satisfaction (teaching clients and outings with clients) also produced the highest stress ratings. Staff turnover was relatively low. The results are discussed in relation to the unique job demands of community care work.","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127465329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SOCIAL COMPARISONS, STIGMA AND MAINSTREAMING: THE SELF ESTEEM OF YOUNG ADULTS WITH A MILD MENTAL HANDICAP","authors":"Susan E. Szivos-Bach","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00054.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00054.X","url":null,"abstract":"As people with mental handicaps are increasingly being expected to use community resources, stigma has often become an important component of their subjective experience. Both stigma and social comparisons help to define the person's status in a ‘normal’ reference group, and are important antecedents of the individual's self esteem. \u0000 \u0000Fifty students with a mild mental handicap completed a self esteem and social comparisons procedure which yielded discrepancy scores between the way they saw themselves and others (friends, siblings, non-handicapped others, and ideals). They also talked about their perceptions of stigma and their aspirations for their lives. \u0000 \u0000The students who perceived the most stigma had the lowest self esteem, the lowest ideals, and had the largest discrepancies between their scores and the scores of others. They also felt the least likely to fulfil their aspirations. The students with low self esteem also tended to view others in a negative light and to experience impoverished interpersonal relationships. The study also suggested that some students may derogate others, especially younger opposite sex siblings, to maintain their self esteem. This points to the importance of social comparisons within the family. \u0000 \u0000Some implications for research and the professional management of stigma are discussed.","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125228768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Training mothers with mental handicaps to understand behavioural and developmental principles","authors":"A. Tymchuk, L. Andron, Marilyn Tymchuk","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1990.TB00080.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1990.TB00080.X","url":null,"abstract":"Eight mothers with mental handicaps were trained to understand and apply behavioural and developmental principles. The results of three questionnaires administered showed that where mothers with mental handicaps did significantly more poorly before training than a comparison group of mothers without handicaps from similar backgrounds, after training there were no differences. These results were maintained at a month's follow-up. Suggestions are made for further studies.","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125109899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A note on the use of peer assistance and praise to increase engagement and productivity on a vocational assembly task","authors":"Christine Heap, E. Emerson","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1989.TB00026.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1989.TB00026.X","url":null,"abstract":"An ABCBA withdrawal design was employed to examine the effects of peer prompting and attention, and staff assisted peer prompting and attention, on task engagement and productivity of two women with severe mental handicaps on a vocational assembly task. Results indicated that: both engagement and productivity were greater in each of the two intervention conditions when compared with baseline; the addition of instructor assistance resulted in further increases in productivity and engagement; and peers were effective in prompting and praising, contingent on disengaged and engaged behaviour respectively.","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127704687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Connotations of labels for mental handicap and challenging behaviour: a review and research evaluation","authors":"R. Hastings, B. Remington","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00055.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00055.X","url":null,"abstract":"The terms used to denote the concepts of mental handicap and challenging behaviour are a matter of continuing controversy. In the first part of this paper, research concerned with evaluating the impact of such labels is reviewed, and the value of a semantic technique for assessing the connotative effect of labels is proposed. In the second part, this approach was evaluated in a study in which undergraduate social science and science students completed rating scales for terms currently in use to describe mental handicap and challenging behaviour. There were marked differences in the connotations of terms with very similar denotations. Specifically, recently coined terms (e.g. ‘learning difficulty’, ‘challenging behaviour’) were rated more favourably than more familiar descriptions (e.g. ‘mental retardation’, ‘problem behaviour’). Nevertheless, virtually all the terms assessed carried negative, rather than neutral or positive, connotations. These results are discussed in terms of the need to devise descriptions that will promote more positive social representations of mental handicap.","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128064285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE SEXUAL ABUSE OF ADULTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITES: RESULTS OF A TWO YEAR INCIDENCE SURVEY","authors":"V. Turk, H. Brown","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00053.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00053.X","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the results of the largest survey to date of the sexual abuse of adults with learning disabilities. Existing knowledge is reviewed in the light of complex methodological and definition issues that exist and limit any work undertaken. The few existing studies of sexual abuse of adults with learning disabilities are described. Details of the current survey of sexual abuse carried out by the University of Kent and funded by the Rowntree Foundation are then provided. Detailed results of the survey are presented followed by a discussion of their implications and comparability with previous research.","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124095737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LONELINESS AND SOCIAL COMPETENCE AMONG PREADOLESCENTS AND ADOLESCENTS WITH MILD MENTAL RETARDATION","authors":"M. Margalit, T. Ronen","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00103.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00103.X","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to compare loneliness and social competence among two groups of young people with mild mental retardation. The sample consisted of 70 youngsters (46 males and 24 females) divided into two age groups: 38 pre-adolescents (mean age = 11.68 years, SD = ±1.04) and 32 adolescents (mean 3 15.9, SD = ±0.72). Different information sources were tapped: self-reported loneliness and social skills, teacher ratings of aggressive and hyperactive behaviour and peer ratings of social acceptance The results demonstrated that, in comparison to the younger group, adolescents received a more reserved acceptance by their peers, although they reported themselves to feel less lonely and showed higher rates of social competence in terms of less behavioural maladjustment and higher empathy and self-control skills. The meaning of loneliness differed at the two age levels. For the adolescent group, the two aspects of loneliness were negatively related to the empathy, assertion, and cooperation social skills, but not for the younger group, whose perceptions of the two loneliness aspects were more differentiated and differently correlated.","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127767203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NEIGHBOURS' REACTIONS TO COMMUNITY SERVICES: CONTRASTS BEFORE AND AFTER SERVICES OPEN IN THEIR LOCALITY","authors":"R. McConkey, P. Walsh, Sean Conneally","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00105.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-3148.1993.TB00105.X","url":null,"abstract":"Neighbours in three Irish localities were interviewed before a group home or a small local day service opened in their neighbourhood. Two years later, 148 people were re-interviewed. In addition, 94 people from two neighbouring contrast areas were also included in the study. No community facilities opened in these areas. In areas where a service had opened, neighbours reported increased contact with people who had a mental handicap; many fewer problems occurred than they had initially anticipated and an apparent drop in their willingness to be involved in helping. Residents in the contrast areas showed no such changes. These results are compared with those obtained in an earlier national survey and the implications are drawn for strategies aimed at educating and involving local communities.","PeriodicalId":127714,"journal":{"name":"Mental Handicap Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126897186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}