Construction Materials and Products最新文献

{"title":"STUDY OF SORPTION OF NICKEL ION WITH FIBROUS ADSORBENTS","authors":"L. Smolenskaya, S. Rybina, V. Rybin, P. Litvin","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-1-12-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-1-12-20","url":null,"abstract":"Technological processes of processing of metal products and galvanic production are characterized by large volumes of wastewater containing ions of heavy metals, in particular as a result of Nickel plating products in wastewater in the predominant amount fall ions Ni2+. To assess the possibility of removing pollution from this type of wastewater, the process of adsorption purification of model Nickel-containing wastewater was investigated. As adsorbents modified nitrogen-containing polyvinyl alcohol, polycaproamide, hydrocellulose fiber were used. Modification of this type of fibers allows fixing functionally active groups on the surface of adsorbent. It is established that the fibrous adsorbents have a high adsorption capacity towards Nickel ion(II), the magnitude of adsorption is in the range of 80-100 mg/g. The predominant mechanism is monomolecular chemisorption. Adsorption proceeds at high speeds, the balance is achieved in the first 20 minutes of the process. The effect of pH on complex formation in the phase of adsorbents is revealed. It is shown that in a strongly acidic medium the purification efficiency is small, the increase in pH leads to increased adsorption properties of fibers. The optimal value of the acidity of the solution are pH values above 5. A decrease in the amount of coordinated nitrogen with an increase in pH was determined. In assessing the selectivity of fibers with respect to Ni2+ in the presence of Zn2+ and Cu2+, the influence of matrix polymer effect was revealed. Adsorption on polyvinyl alcohol and polycaproamide fibers showed that the influence of zinc ions(II) on the adsorption of Nickel (II) increases with its concentration in the solution, and hydrate cellulose fiber has a higher selectivity with respect to Zn2+ion. The presence of Cu2+ leads to a significant decrease in the efficiency of model wastewater treatment from Nickel ions (II) on all types of adsorbents studied","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132901572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CALCULATION OF THE SLEEVE PACKER ELEMENT WITH THE VARIABLE ANGLE OF LAYING OF THREADS OF THE CORD FOR CREATION OF EDGE PROTECTION (PART 1)","authors":"N. Serdyukov, E. Ryzhenko, Yuri M. Smirnov, A. Mashkov","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-2-29-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-2-29-40","url":null,"abstract":"the method of calculation of influence of design and technological parameters of material of a cover of a packer element is developed: the initial angle of laying of threads of the reinforcing framework, the packing density of threads in the field of unions, number of layers of a framework, rubber elastic modulus on power characteristics of a cover, for the purpose of creation of edge protection of a packer element. In the first part of work the cover of a packer element with laying of threads with a constant corner on all length of a cover is investigated. The received results of calculation, allowed to evaluate and prove quantitatively the constructive and technological directions of reliability augmentation of edge protection of a packer element. The developed calculation procedure is a basis of development of more general method of calculation of power characteristics of a cover of a packer element with variable longwise covers the initial angle of laying of threads.","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117112549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADSORPTION OF SPINDLE OIL BY NATIVE AND THERMAL MODIFIED CHESTNUT TREE WASTE","authors":"S. Sverguzova, Zh.A. Sapronova, A. Svyatchenko, T. Otiti","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-1-4-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-1-4-11","url":null,"abstract":"Adsorption is a widespread and effective way of treating sewage containing petroleum products. To imple-ment this method, one of the best sorbents is activated carbon. However, sorbents based on activated coals are of high cost and require further regeneration, which significantly increases the cost of water treatment. In addition, during the regeneration of such sorption materials secondary toxic waste is formed, which also cre-ate environmental problems. Therefore, the development of new efficient and inexpensive sorption materi-als, especially on the base of a variety of wastes, is an urgent task. \u0000For research, we used tree waste of the genus of horse chestnut (Latin Aésculus hippocastanum L.). Horse chestnut is widespread in the midland of the Russian Federation, CIS countries, Southern Europe. Ac-cording to municipal services about 5.000 chestnut trees grow on the territory of a city with a population of about 400.000 people and tree waste of the trees covering streets and square every year. Tree waste is no-where used and removed to landfills. \u0000Extraction of I-20A spindle oil from model emulsions by native and thermal modified chestnut tree waste as a sorption material in industry was carried out because this oil is a widely used petroleum product. The physicochemical properties of tree waste, such as bulk density, humidity, ash content, pH of aqueous ex-tract, specific surface area are studied. \u0000Before extraction, the chestnut tree waste was ground to a size of 3-5 mm. Thermal treatment was carried out in a drying cabinet of the type SNOL and muffle furnace in the temperature range 100-500 C. It is es-tablished that during the thermal treatment the specific surface area of the sorption material increases from 2.6 to 27.9 m2/ g. The surface of micro relief structure changes in the direction of increasing roughness and defectiveness; sorption material acquires hydrophobic properties. The recommended thermal treatment tem-perature is 200 C. The efficiency of cleaning model emulsions is 91%.","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132079340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPOSITIONS OF SILICATE-BASED PAINTS THERMALIZING CONVEYOR-WASHING SEDIMENT – WASTE OF THE SUGAR INDUSTRY","authors":"G. Tarasova","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-1-21-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-1-21-31","url":null,"abstract":"In Russia, every year 360 kg of waste per person is formed, which can be eliminated either by recycling or by burying them. Unfortunately, 90% of waste in our country is buried in landfills, while in developed countries, for example France, Australia, Belgium, this figure fluctuates between 40-70% [1]. In the production of sugar from sugar beet both liquid and solid waste are formed. The total amount of waste in the processing of sugar beet reaches 22 million tons per year, and part of the waste is due to production technology, and other waste may increase, in connection with which programs are being developed to regulate the amount of waste, as well as their disposal. In Belgorod region there are 7 sugar factories, large-capacity waste - defecate is well studied and introduced in various branches of the industry [2-7]. As a result of their work at the stage of washing of the beets about 170 000 tons conveyor-washing of sediment (CWS) are formed, which have not found practical applications [8]. Currently, only a small part of the CWS is used for soil fertilization, which has a number of negative effects, since the substances included in the CWS contain the residual amount of pesticides and fertilizers, which will adversely affect the cultivation of crops. Most of this material is taken out together with defects into dumps, where fertile soils are clogged, rot, pollute the air, get into groundwater and cause irreparable damage to the environment [3]. Analyzing the composition and properties of the conveyor-washing of sludge and in connection with the rapid development of construction, especially housing, there is a need to use it as a pigment filler in silicate paint to make the architectural expression, decorative effectiveness of the conservation and durability of the cladding and painting of external facade of buildings. All this is closely interconnected and largely depends on the quality of finishing works. Unfortunately, in construction practice there are cases when untimely painting of walls and application of poor-quality materials lead to premature repair of the building, i.e. to unjustified expenses. It is known that the annual cost of the current repair of facades is more than 3% of the total cost of major repairs of houses. Recently ceramic facing of buildings finds wide application, however, it raises very much the price of housing construction and already in 5-6 years on finishing materials there are stains and drips [4].","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124102785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VITREOUS PROTECTIVE AND DECORATIVE COVERINGS ON WOOD PARTICLE BOARD","authors":"Vasiliy Bessmertnyy, D. Kochurin, D. Bondarenko, L. Bragina, T. Yalovenko","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-4-4-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-4-4-12","url":null,"abstract":"scientific and technological bases of receiving vitreous coverings on wood with use of a torch of low-temperature plasma are developed. Before plasma dusting of glass powders by grain structure 60-120mkm, the special protective coating protecting chipboard from destruction at high-temperature influence of a plasma stream on a front surface of the wood particle board (WPB) was applied. The structure of an intermediate protective coating including mix of a fine-grained glass powder and liquid glass is developed. Preliminary drawing an intermediate protective layer provides several consecutive technological operations. \u0000For receiving vitreous coverings fight of colored and colourless glass are used which was previously ground in spherical porcelain mills. Optimum process parameters of plasma dusting of glass powder on the front surface of chipboard are developed. Optimum parameters of plasma melting is: current - 800A; operating voltage – 30B, a consumption of plasma-forming gas of argon 2m3/h. \u0000Operational and aesthetic-consumer properties of vitreous protective and decorative coverings are investigated. It is established that vitreous protective and decorative coverings have the high durability of coupling with an intermediate protective layer. The received vitreous protective and decorative coverings on the basis of colored and colourless glass have the high water resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, as well as microhardness and high aesthetic performance. \u0000The technology is recommended for widespread industrial introduction.","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124533229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THERMAL INSULATION SOLUTIONS OF THE REDUCED DENSITY","authors":"L. Zagorodnyuk, V. Lesovik, D. Sumskoy","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-1-40-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-1-40-50","url":null,"abstract":"today energy saving and energy efficiency improvement in Russia are priority directions of the country’s energy policy. First of all, when creating an energy-efficient house, it is necessary to think about preventing heat losses through enclosing structures, and only then about reducing lighting costs, optimizing the work of building engineering systems, and the introduction of alternative energy sources. Materials for thermal insulation, the most important characteristic of which is the thermal conductivity, do the main role in the provision of optimal conditions of indoor air. The creation of thermal insulation solutions with improved thermal protection properties is a very acute problem at the moment. In this connection, the purpose of this work was to create effective compositional binders that contribute to the reduction of the density of thermal insulation materials. \u0000Within the framework of the energy-saving program and the development of housing construction of the Russian Federation and the implementation of the Federal Law №185-FZ “On assistance to the reform of housing and communal services”, the creation of new effective building materials with high performance and thermal protection characteristics that can compete with foreign analogues is of great importance. \u0000This article presents new approaches to improve the efficiency of dry heat-insulating mixtures, taking into account the law of affinity structures, which provides for the design of composites using fillers and composite binders of reduced density. Thermal insulation solutions on the basis of dry construction mixtures have superior technology, physical and mechanical and operational performance.","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133724932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CALCULATION OF THE SLEEVE PACKER ELEMENT WITH THE VARIABLE ANGLE OF LAYING OF THREADS OF THE CORD FOR CREATION OF EDGE PROTECTION (PART 2)","authors":"N. Serdyukov, E. Ryzhenko, Yuri M. Smirnov, A. Mashkov","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-2-41-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-2-41-49","url":null,"abstract":"in the presented part of work the case with the angle of laying variable longwise of the reinforcing threads of a packer element in median and edge zones is investigated. Calculation of power characteristics of a cover of a packer element with various slopes is carried out. Tests of natural prototypes of covers the packer elements are carried out. The calculation results compared with data of an experiment are presented in the form of schedules with good degree of convergence. The developed technique allows to choose an optimum design of covers of a packer element with higher value of rigidity on face sites that ensures reliable functioning of a packer element at pressure differences in annular space.","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114497055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE USE OF SEMI-AQUATIC CALCIUM SULFATE TO INTENSIFY THE PROCESSES OF HARDENING OF STRUCTURAL HEAT-INSULATING FOAMED CONCRETE","authors":"Tat'yana Anikanova, A. Pogromskiy","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-3-25-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-3-25-32","url":null,"abstract":"construction of energy- and resource-saving housing of increased comfort involves the creation of more efficient building materials in comparison with traditional and new designs of fencing buildings with improved thermal properties. The problem of energy saving in construction has determined the direction of creation and production of effective cheap materials with high thermal properties. One of the most promising materials of this type is environmentally friendly, non-combustible cellular foam concrete. \u0000The problem of accelerating the setting and hardening of foam concrete mixtures, as it allows to accelerate the turnover of forms and reduce the time from manufacturing to sending the finished product to the consumer is of great practical interest. \u0000However, in most cases, domestic foaming agents are produced and used without additional input of setting and hardening regulators. This is due to the fact that the compatibility of the latter with the main additive – foaming agents is not sufficiently investigated. This problem is quite complex, as some setting accelerators can cause defoaming, worsen the structure of the foam matrix, reduce the mechanical strength of the stone and have other negative effects. At the same time, properly selected setting accelerators enhance the action of foaming agents \u0000In the work the questions of application of semi-aqueous calcium sulphate (SCS) for intensification of hardening of foam concrete are considered. The change in physical and mechanical characteristics of foam concrete prepared on anionic and cationic blowing agents with an additional content of 1, 2 and 3% semi-aqueous calcium sulphate is shown. It is established that the SCC allows accelerating the hardening processes, and the formation of ettringite does not cause strong internal stresses, which is related to the porous structure of the material.","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120963239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY IN CONSTRUCTION","authors":"Y. Denisova","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-3-33-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2018-1-3-33-42","url":null,"abstract":"the main innovative technologies of construction 3-D printing in modern construction are considered. This direction of research confirms the relevance of the selected issue. Development of compositions for building 3D printing allows for construction of not only individual constructions, but also buildings and constructions in general. Experimental compositions with effective for building print supplements will receive enough dense structure of concrete are developed. To assess the use of quartz sand for use in 3-d printers studies were conducted of their basic properties. The role of additive technologies in modern construction in the construction of buildings and structures that will lead to future changes in the construction market.","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117282262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION OF THE ASPHALT-CONCRETE MIXTURE ON THE MAIN PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ASPHALTIC CONCRETE PAVEMENT","authors":"A. Trautvain","doi":"10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-1-17-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2019-2-1-17-23","url":null,"abstract":"the paper presents an analysis of information quality assurance of production of asphalt concrete mixtures, as well as the study of the relationship of the qualitative composition of asphalt concrete mixtures and physical and mechanical characteristics of asphalt concrete pavement. The study of the main characteristics was carried out on the example of asphalt concrete type B and grade I and crushed-mastic asphalt concrete – SchMA-20. It is established that the deviation of asphalt mixtures in composition from the required values leads to their under-compaction in the pavement. It is also established that increasing the number of inconsistencies in the asphalt concrete mixture leads to an increase of physical-mechanical characteristics that differ from the requirements of GOST 9128-2013 and GOST 31015-2002 respectively. As an information base for the assessment of the influence of granulometry of the mineral part of asphalt concrete, as well as the amount of bitumen on the main characteristics of asphalt concrete, the data of the current ACP of Belgorod region were used. Analysis of the particle size distribution was carried out using a laser analyzer of asphalt ABA7/35B. The obtained data became the basis for a further study of the influence of various parameters on the properties of asphalt mixes, as well as improving the efficiency of the asphalt mix production management system.","PeriodicalId":127090,"journal":{"name":"Construction Materials and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123394032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}