Genes & genetic systems最新文献_第9页

BpEIL1 negatively regulates resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria alternata in birch. BpEIL1负调控白桦对茄枯丝核菌和互花病菌的抗性。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00098

Ranhong Li, Jingjing Sun, Xiaomeng Ning, Dan Liu, Xin Chen

{"title":"BpEIL1 negatively regulates resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria alternata in birch.","authors":"Ranhong Li, Jingjing Sun, Xiaomeng Ning, Dan Liu, Xin Chen","doi":"10.1266/ggs.21-00098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.21-00098","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogen attacks affect tree health, causing considerable economic losses as well as serious damage to the surrounding environment. Understanding the disease resistance mechanisms of trees is important for tree breeding. In previous studies on birch (Betula platyphylla × B. pendula), we identified a lesion mimic mutant called lmd. We found that reduced expression of BpEIL1 was responsible for the phenotype in lmd. Following cloning, we acquired several BpEIL1 overexpression and suppression lines in birch. In this study, we cloned the BpEIL1 promoter and found that BpEIL1 was primarily expressed in leaves, particularly in veins. We further studied the traits of transgenic lines and the function of BpEIL1 in disease resistance in birch using the BpEIL1 overexpression line OE9, the suppression line SE13 and the non-transgenic line NT. We found that hydrogen peroxide accumulated in SE13 leaves. Ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activity significantly increased in SE13. SE13 was more resistant to the fungal pathogens Alternaria alternata and Rhizoctonia solani than were the OE9 and NT lines. RNA-seq indicated that pathways related to signal transduction, disease resistance and plant immunity were enriched in SE13. BpEIL1 is thus a negative regulatory transcription factor for disease resistance in birch. This study provides a reference for disease resistance of birch and other trees.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47633121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of spermatogenic stem cell homeostasis by mitogen competition in an open niche microenvironment. 开放生态位微环境中丝裂原竞争对生精干细胞稳态的调节。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-06-04 Epub Date: 2022-02-06 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00062

Yu Kitadate, Shosei Yoshida

引用次数: 1

MEIOSIN directs initiation of meiosis and subsequent meiotic prophase program during spermatogenesis. 减数分裂蛋白在精子发生过程中指导减数分裂的开始和随后的减数分裂前期程序。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-06-04 Epub Date: 2021-12-25 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00054

Kei-Ichiro Ishiguro, Ryuki Shimada

{"title":"MEIOSIN directs initiation of meiosis and subsequent meiotic prophase program during spermatogenesis.","authors":"Kei-Ichiro Ishiguro, Ryuki Shimada","doi":"10.1266/ggs.21-00054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.21-00054","url":null,"abstract":"Meiosis is a crucial process for spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Initiation of meiosis coincides with spermatocyte differentiation and is followed by meiotic prophase, a prolonged G2 phase that ensures the completion of numerous meiosis-specific chromosome events. During meiotic prophase, chromosomes are organized into axis-loop structures, which underlie meiosis-specific events such as meiotic recombination and homolog synapsis. In spermatocytes, meiotic prophase is accompanied by robust alterations of gene expression programs and chromatin status for subsequent sperm production. The mechanisms regulating meiotic initiation and subsequent meiotic prophase programs are enigmatic. Recently, we discovered MEIOSIN (Meiosis initiator), a DNA-binding protein that directs the switch from mitosis to meiosis. This review mainly focuses on how MEIOSIN is involved in meiotic initiation and the meiotic prophase program during spermatogenesis. Further, we discuss the downstream genes activated by MEIOSIN, which are crucial for meiotic prophase-specific events, from the viewpoint of chromosome dynamics and the gene expression program.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":"97 1","pages":"27-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39764547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

DNA methylation plays an important role in iron-overloaded Tibetans. DNA甲基化在铁超载的藏族人中起着重要作用。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-05-28 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00006

Qin Zhao, Zhijing Ge, Suhong Fu, Shan Wan, Jing Shi, Yunhong Wu, Yongqun Zhang

{"title":"DNA methylation plays an important role in iron-overloaded Tibetans.","authors":"Qin Zhao, Zhijing Ge, Suhong Fu, Shan Wan, Jing Shi, Yunhong Wu, Yongqun Zhang","doi":"10.1266/ggs.21-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.21-00006","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of iron overload in Tibetans in Tibet is higher than that in Han. DNA methylation (DNAm) is closely related to iron metabolism and iron level. Nevertheless, the epigenetic status of Tibetans with iron overload is unknown, and we therefore aimed to explore whether the phenomenon observed in the Tibetan population is regulated by epigenetics. The results showed that 2.26% of cytosine was methylated in the whole genome, and that the rate of CG cytosine methylation was higher in individuals in the iron overload (TH) group than in those in the iron normal (TL) group. We analyzed differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in whole-genome bisulfite sequencing data from the TH and TL groups of high-altitude Tibetans. Protein-protein interaction and pathway analyses of candidate DMGs related to iron uptake and transport showed that epigenetic changes in 10 candidate genes (ACO1, CYBRD1, FLVCR1, HFE, HMOX2, IREB2, NEDD8, SLC11A2, SLC40A1 and TFRC) are likely to relate to iron overload. This work reveals, for the first time, changes of DNAm in Tibetan people with iron overload, which suggest that DNAm is a mechanism underlying differences in iron content between individuals in the high-altitude Tibetan population. Our findings should contribute to the study of iron metabolism and the overall health status of Tibetans.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42817691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Genetic purity of a rear-edge population of Carex podogyna Franch. et Sav. (Cyperaceae) maintained under interspecific hybridization. 毛茛(Carex podogyna france)后缘群体的遗传纯度。等干腊肠。(苏柏科)维持种间杂交。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-05-12 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00087

K. Nagasawa, Shigeru Fukumoto, H. Setoguchi, M. Ishihara, Kenjiro Hiratsuka, Kazutoshi Masuda, S. Sakaguchi

{"title":"Genetic purity of a rear-edge population of Carex podogyna Franch. et Sav. (Cyperaceae) maintained under interspecific hybridization.","authors":"K. Nagasawa, Shigeru Fukumoto, H. Setoguchi, M. Ishihara, Kenjiro Hiratsuka, Kazutoshi Masuda, S. Sakaguchi","doi":"10.1266/ggs.21-00087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.21-00087","url":null,"abstract":"Interspecific hybridization is a critical issue in conservation biology because it may drive small populations to extinction through direct or indirect processes. In this study, to develop a conservation strategy for an endangered rear-edge population of Carex podogyna in Ashiu, Kyoto, Japan, we performed a molecular genetic analysis of the wild population and an ex-situ population established from wild seeds. Microsatellite genotypic data revealed a complete loss of genetic diversity in the wild population, suggesting that it has long been prone to genetic drift due to isolation as a small population. In contrast, microsatellite analysis of 13 ex-situ individuals detected multiple alleles that are not harbored in the wild C. podogyna population. Sequence analysis revealed that these individuals are likely natural hybrids between C. podogyna and a co-occurring species, C. curvicollis, although established hybrids have never been found in the natural habitat. Based on our observation of variegated leaves in hybrid individuals, we propose that hybrids have been excluded by natural selection and/or interspecific competition caused by insufficient productivity of photosynthesis, although other genetic and ecological factors may also be influential. Overall, this study indicates that natural mechanisms selectively removing the hybrids have maintained the genetic purity of this rear-edge population of C. podogyna, and also emphasizes the importance of genetic assessment in ex-situ conservation programs.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48435089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sperm chromatin condensation: epigenetic mechanisms to compact the genome and spatiotemporal regulation from inside and outside the nucleus. 精子染色质凝聚：从细胞核内外压缩基因组的表观遗传学机制和时空调控。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00065

Y. Okada

引用次数: 5

Development of microsatellite markers for the mycoheterotrophic species Burmannia nepalensis (Miers) Hook.f. based on RAD sequencing. 异养真菌种缅甸尼泊尔ensis (Miers) Hook.f.微卫星标记的开发。基于RAD测序。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-04-21 Epub Date: 2022-01-20 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00052

Tong Zeng, Miaomiao Shi, Zhiming Zhong, Dianxiang Zhang

{"title":"Development of microsatellite markers for the mycoheterotrophic species Burmannia nepalensis (Miers) Hook.f. based on RAD sequencing.","authors":"Tong Zeng, Miaomiao Shi, Zhiming Zhong, Dianxiang Zhang","doi":"10.1266/ggs.21-00052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.21-00052","url":null,"abstract":"Mycoheterotrophic plants can derive carbon from fungi rather than from photosynthesis. Habitat destruction and sensitivity to environmental perturbation may result in the loss of biodiversity including genetic variation of mycoheterotrophic plants. Burmannia nepalensis (Miers) Hook.f. (Burmanniaceae) is a mycoheterotrophic plant with a wide distribution across southern China and southern and eastern Asia. As part of our endeavor to reveal population genetic patterns of mycoheterotrophic plants, fifteen microsatellite loci were developed by RAD (restriction site-associated DNA) sequencing in 89 individuals from four populations of B. nepalensis. A total of 49 alleles were amplified. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to six with an average of 3.3. The observed and expected heterozygosity per population varied from 0.000 to 1.000 and from 0.000 to 0.722, respectively. A transferability test showed that only one to five loci could be cross-amplified successfully in four other congeneric species of Burmannia. These markers can be used to reveal population genetic diversity in B. nepalensis, and will help to elucidate the evolutionary history and to enhance efforts for conservation of mycoheterotrophic plants.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":"96 6","pages":"293-298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39709932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The dynamic chromatin landscape and mechanisms of DNA methylation during mouse germ cell development. 小鼠生殖细胞发育过程中DNA甲基化的动态染色质景观和机制。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-04-16 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00069

K. Shirane

{"title":"The dynamic chromatin landscape and mechanisms of DNA methylation during mouse germ cell development.","authors":"K. Shirane","doi":"10.1266/ggs.21-00069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.21-00069","url":null,"abstract":"Epigenetic marks including DNA methylation (DNAme) play a critical role in the transcriptional regulation of genes and retrotransposons. Defects in DNAme are detected in infertility, imprinting disorders and congenital diseases in humans, highlighting the broad importance of this epigenetic mark in both development and disease. While DNAme in terminally differentiated cells is stably propagated following cell division by the maintenance DNAme machinery, widespread erasure and subsequent de novo establishment of this epigenetic mark occur early in embryonic development as well as in germ cell development. Combined with deep sequencing, low-input methods that have been developed in the past several years have enabled high-resolution and genome-wide mapping of both DNAme and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) in rare cell populations including developing germ cells. Epigenome studies using these novel methods reveal an unprecedented view of the dynamic chromatin landscape during germ cell development. Furthermore, integrative analysis of chromatin marks in normal germ cells and in those deficient in chromatin-modifying enzymes uncovers a critical interplay between histone PTMs and de novo DNAme in the germline. This review discusses work on mechanisms of the erasure and subsequent de novo DNAme in mouse germ cells as well as the outstanding questions relating to the regulation of the dynamic chromatin landscape in germ cells.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47032906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

ANRIL as a prognostic biomarker in colon pre-cancerous lesion detection via non-invasive sampling. ANRIL作为无创取样检测结肠癌前病变的预后生物标志物。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00102

Shadi Sadri, L. Rejali, M. Hadizadeh, H. A. Aghdaei, Chris Young, E. Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad, M. Zali, M. Bonab

{"title":"ANRIL as a prognostic biomarker in colon pre-cancerous lesion detection via non-invasive sampling.","authors":"Shadi Sadri, L. Rejali, M. Hadizadeh, H. A. Aghdaei, Chris Young, E. Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad, M. Zali, M. Bonab","doi":"10.1266/ggs.21-00102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.21-00102","url":null,"abstract":"Long non-coding RNAs have been proposed as biomarkers for the detection, prevention and screening of various malignancies. In this study, two lncRNAs (ANRIL and BANCR) were assessed for biomarker application in the early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) through stool specimen testing, as a non-invasive and cost-effective methodology. A total of 40 stool samples were collected from patients referred to the hospital with colorectal cancer or adenomatous polyps as pre-cancerous lesions; patients were diagnosed using colonoscopy and pathology reports were available. Twenty control samples were also obtained from healthy subjects for comparison. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were followed by real-time PCR to evaluate lncRNA expression. The up-regulation of ANRIL in 20% of samples taken from polyp patients, combined with up-regulation in 65% of patients with CRC, confirmed the potential usefulness of ANRIL as a prognostic biomarker (AUC 0.95; P < 0.0001). BANCR relative expression analysis illustrated significant up-regulation in polyp (P < 0.04) and tumoural participants (P < 0.03) compared with normal control individuals. The expression patterns of ANRIL and BANCR in polyp cases were significantly correlated according to correlation analysis (r = 0.45, P < 0.045). ANRIL expression patterns in stool specimens of polyp and tumour cases supported the use of ANRIL as a prognostic biomarker for screening patients in the early stages of CRC. Up-regulation of BANCR in pre-cancerous lesions as well as down-regulation of ANRIL may also be a specific marker pair for easy, convenient and fast CRC prognosis.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45869571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Phylogeographic study using nuclear genome sequences of Asip to infer the origins of ventral fur color variation in the house mouse Mus musculus. 利用Asip核基因组序列推断家鼠腹侧毛色变异起源的系统发育地理学研究。

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Genes & genetic systems Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00075

Toki Takeishi, K. Fujiwara, N. Osada, Akihiko Mita, T. Takada, T. Shiroishi, Hitoshi Suzuki

{"title":"Phylogeographic study using nuclear genome sequences of Asip to infer the origins of ventral fur color variation in the house mouse Mus musculus.","authors":"Toki Takeishi, K. Fujiwara, N. Osada, Akihiko Mita, T. Takada, T. Shiroishi, Hitoshi Suzuki","doi":"10.1266/ggs.21-00075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.21-00075","url":null,"abstract":"While the house mouse (Mus musculus), widely distributed in Eurasia, is known to have substantial coat color variation between and within local populations, in both primary and secondary distribution areas, including the Japanese archipelago, the evolutionary history of the color variation is poorly understood. To address the ventral fur color variation, we quantified the lightness of museum skin specimens, and found that the southern subspecies, M. m. castaneus (CAS), has high and low lightness in dry and rainy geographic regions, respectively. The northern subspecies, M. m. musculus (MUS), has low and high levels of lightness in the high and middle latitudes of northern Eurasia, respectively. We examined sequence variation of the agouti signaling protein gene (Asip), which is known to be responsible for the ventral fur color. We performed phylogenetic analyses with 196 haplotype sequences of Asip (~180 kb) generated by phasing the whole-genome data of 98 wild mice reported previously. Network and phylogenetic tree construction revealed clustering of haplotypes representing the two subspecies, MUS and CAS. A number of subclusters with geographic affinities appeared within the subspecies clusters, in which the essential results were consistent with those reconstructed with whole mitochondrial genome data, indicating that the phased haplotype genome sequences of the nuclear genome can be a useful tool for tracing the dispersal of geographical lineages. The results of phylogeographic analysis showed that CAS mice with darker ventral fur possessed similar Asip haplotypes across the geographic distribution, suggesting that these haplotypes are major causes of the historical introduction of Asip haplotypes for darker ventral fur in mice from northern India to the peripheral areas, including the Japanese archipelago. Similarly, MUS in East Asia, which has a white abdomen, formed an Asip haplogroup with that from northern Iran, also with a white abdomen.","PeriodicalId":12690,"journal":{"name":"Genes & genetic systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44521143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0