GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS最新文献

{"title":"For the semantics of Caucasian hunting traditions","authors":"Ketevan Sikharulidze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.57","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses hunting traditions and explains their semantics based on mythological stories. The institution of hunting with its traditions and myth has been formed here since ancient times. Mythological-religious representations became the intellectual basis of hunting traditions and rituals, determining their structure and semantics. Hunting brought benefits not only from an economic point of view. It also helped broaden people's horizons.  Before going hunting the hunter was obliged to observe a complex system of taboos, because hunting and communication with the Hunting deity were perceived as sacred acts. The traditions and rules related to the bone of the game indicate that along with the deity, the hunter also participated in the resurrection of the killed game. The peculiarities of hunting as a sacred act led to the emergence of a secret language of hunters. The hunter's wife was also responsible for protecting hunting traditions. Women's participation in hunting rules is dictated by mythic content. It is assumed that not only the result of the hunt but also a successful family life depended on the behavior of the wife. Fragments of songs of hunters' prayers and supplications remained in people's memory. It must be assumed that this is part of an ancient ritual practice that included dancing. This assumption is supported by hunting scenes depicted on bronze belts, in which people are also depicted dancing next to animals. In hunting traditions, attention is paid to the customs related to the hunter's weapon, which preserves the rudiments of the weapon cult.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A great national figure (due to the 200th anniversary of the birth of Rafiel Eristavi)","authors":"Temur Jagodnishvili","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.67","url":null,"abstract":"Rafiel Eristavi is one of the most distinguished figure of the 19th century. He appeared on the public scene in the 1850s and immediately attracted attention with his artistic creations, journalistic, folklore-ethnographic writings, research and practical public work. He actively cooperated with the editors of the Caucasus departments and branches of the Russian scientific societies in Georgia, was elected a member of these societies, made a great contribution to the presentation and popularization of Georgian culture. Proof of this is even the fact that the Caucasian section of the Russian Geographical Society awarded the very young researcher Rafiel Eristavi with a medal for the work \"About Tush-Pshav-Khevsureti District\", which was printed in Volume III of the collection of works of this society (1849). From the 50s of the 19th century until the end of his life, Rafiel Eristavi was at the head and was an active yoke puller of all national public affairs. On his initiative, a Georgian museum, a public library (to which he donated the manuscripts preserved in his family), a theater society, a society promoting literacy among Georgians were founded; He actively participated in the work of the \" The Knight in the Panther's Skin\" text drafting commission and others. Rafiel Eristavi, through his poetry, dramaturgy, journalism, and scientific-research work, revealed and systematically presented the great content and values of Georgian mentality, cultural and linguistic awareness. In this way, he prepared the ground for the national liberation movement launched by Ilia Chavchavadze in the second half of the 19th century. Rafiel Eristavi's achievements were highly appreciated by his contemporaneous Georgian society - he celebrated a great anniversary and considered it a public holiday. In 1895, under the auspices of Ekvtime Dzneladze's printing house, a special collection was published under the name \"\"Secular holiday due to the 50th anniversary of Rafiel Eristavi, the son of Davit \"\". The 200th anniversary of his birth will be celebrated in 2024. Celebrating this anniversary at the governmental level is a debt to be payed by our contemporaries. &nbsp","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering design approaches and a comparative study of topology optimization tools","authors":"Ketevan Kveselava, Irakli Bochorishvili, Levan Jiqidze, Liana Tedeshvili, Zurab Samkharadze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.06","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper there are presented engineering approaches of generative design, the authors note that the advent of additive manufacturing AM (Additive Manufacturing) reveals the limits of current computer-aided design CAD (Computer Aided Design) systems and, at the same time, emphasizes topology optimization TO (Topology Optimization) and generative design of the potential of GD (Generative Design) tools, that have not been fully exploited until now. In contrast to the traditional approach to design, where designers take a dominant role at each stage of the engineering design process, the paper notes that the introduction of such tools in the product development process leads to simulation design approaches, which implies a significant change in the designer's role. For this purpose, the paper presents a comparison of two different additive manufacturing design methods, namely TO and GD on products obtained using tools. The comparison aims to reflect the evolution of the traditional approach when using TO and GD tools, and to highlight the potential and limitations of these optimization tools when integrated with CAD systems. In addition, this comparative study itself can be a useful and practical source for designers to identify the most suitable approach based on their needs and project resources. A comparative study is conducted by examining a prototype rocker arm and brake pedal design for a Formula Student racing car. Their results, in terms of mechanical performance, show that TO and especially GD tools can be effectively used early in the AM-oriented design process to modify components and make them lighter and stronger.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craft entrepreneurship (foreign and national experience)","authors":"Ia Jimshitashvili","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.70","url":null,"abstract":"Modern global business gradually narrows the person and moves to digital-machine-conveyor production, in contrast to this, craft production is gaining ground, which completely depends on the entrepreneur's innovative creative ideas and their implementation. The article talks about what is kraft production? That today this direction is gradually getting stronger and covers wider and wider scales, in the article is shown difference of Craft  and business, a small historical review is offered, and an example from the field of craft beer production is given. &nbsp","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Kabbalah of the Sun and the Moon\" – symbolic images -icons of King Heraclius","authors":"Tamar Shaishmelashvili","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.61","url":null,"abstract":"       \"Kabbalah of the Sun and the Moon\" is a symbolic portrait of King Erekle, who is a representative of the Bagration dynasty, who with deer's milk grew up. He appears as the son of Tamar,  and the first Bagration.                      Like Tamar, Erekle is loved by the people, they believe that they are alive and that in the time of need, they will appear again as the savior of the nation. That is why the metaphor of the sun is a characteristic attribute of Georgian kings, including King Erekle. We must take into account the theory of the divine origin of the royal family of Bagrations, as well as that the king is born with the sign of chosen one.         In Christian symbolism, the Sun is the Son of God. God is compared to Christ, the Trinity. Heraclius is also the brother of Christ, and his growth is sacred, as is the growth of Amiran. Erekle looks like a hero of Georgian mythology, who had the image of the sun and the moon on his shoulders.          Irakli is covered by the \"Kabalak of the sun and the moon\" in „The weeping of the Kizikeli woman“. This metaphor, first of all, emphasizes of the representative of the \"Iesian-Davidian-Solomon\" Bagration family, at the same time, the two luminaries – the sun and the moon – are symbolic images of God, Christ, the Holy Spirit, and, in general, the Trinity.          On the one hand, Kabbalah is a symbol of manhood, on the other hand, this Kabbalakh is of the sun and the moon, and will lead the king to the heavenly kingdom.         Erekle, born as a chosen one, with a special sign, lies in a golden coffin, which gives rise to the association of a golden cradle (\"Maybe that child is lying in the cradle\"), the cradle and the coffin \"are different symbols of the same mythologem, seen from different angles\", the time will come, the cradle will replace the coffin...        The eschatological expectation is the mysterious herald of the return of the child...        That is why \"Chokha-Akhalukh\" is not intended for Erekle. Only the \"Kabbalah of the sun and the moon\" covers him as a heavenly \"divine guest\" and the Lord's brother.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Literary Criticism of the 1870s and Giorgi Tsereteli","authors":"Manana Kajaia","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.59","url":null,"abstract":"  The paper discusses personal, public and creative style of the Georgian writer and public figure of the 19th century, Giorgi Tsereteli, as assessed by the critics of the 70s of the 19th century. We have an interesting creator in front of us. Giorgi Tsereteli, together with Ilia Chavchavadze and Akaki Tsereteli, from the 60s, i. e. from his youth until his death, carried the very heavy and responsible mission of an artist and, at the same time, of a teacher of the nation. On the way of critical discussion of Giorgi Tsereteli, among the four periods, we would conditionally single out the 70s of the 19th century. Among the critical letters of these years, according to the materials available to us, we would attribute the first place to the letters of Nikoloz Dimitridze (N. D. Kifiani), which were published in ‘Droeba’ No. 8, No. 14 of 1871 in the column ‘Bibliography’. The article ‘Journey to Svaneti’ by Sergei Meskhi, Anton Furtseladze, the venerable Georgian poet, ‘the king of the Georgian word’, is also discussed. He discussed Giorgi Tsereteli's story from the linguistic point of view with unusual scrupulousness. To sum up, Giorgi Tsereteli's contemporary and generally first critics prepared the basis for a deep scientific study of Giorgi Tsereteli. In their critical thinking, in fact, almost all the issues, that have found deepening and proper scientific broad argumentation in our time, were raised.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osip Mandelstam in Democratic Georgia and Vice Versa (According to essay “Homecoming”)","authors":"Grigol Jokhadze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.68","url":null,"abstract":"Osip Mandelstam’s essay “Homecoming” has never been the object of the Georgian Literary criticism. It is all the more appropriate to say that the both essays – “Homecoming” as well as “Mensheviks in Georgia” – additionally reveal several proverbial layers of his artistic and personal portrait. Mandelstam, as a contemplator, is always ironic.  One may think that such way he utilizes the Modernistic standard when the irony is the resource of abstracting from his own conscience, estrangement from the social reality and self-profoundness. In terms of political preferences or belonging, the poet supports the Soviet government and criticizes everything that contradicts it. In this case, the object of his vilification is Georgia. His behavior is determined by the political conjuncture, the service of which the poet does not disdain, but uses it rather profitably. Seemingly, we deal with the stage of Mandelstam’s biography when he is not an archetype of the Poet but just a human being.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memory and Traumatic Experience in Zaira Arsenishvili's Story \"When Fear and Dismay Rage\"","authors":"Salome Pataridze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.56","url":null,"abstract":"Memory cannot be observed directly, only through the observation of concrete acts of remembering in specific sociocultural contexts can we make assumptions about the memory’s nature and functioning. Memories are not objective reflections of past images. Rather, they are subjective reconstructions of past perceptions. Remembering is conceived as a present act of recollecting available data that were stored in the past. Versions of the past change in accordance with the constantly changing present situation. That is why, individual and collective memories never mirror the past, but rather they serve as an indication of the past for the person recalling the past in the present. The present study analyzes the short story “When Fear and Dread Rage” („rotsa mdzvinvarebs shishi da dzrts’ola“)  of Zaira Arsenishvili, Georgian filmmaker, musician and writer based on theories of Maurice Halbwach’s,  Aleida and Jan Assmann and Sigmund Freud. The analysis will reveal the role and importance of remembering in the conditions of a totalitarian regime, how the regime tries to eradicate cultural memory, as it is the basis of the identity of a social group, how the system demonizes the auto icon in the texts and what the bodies described in the works tell us as signs and carriers of memories.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of the environment as a method of naturalistic in Giorgi Tsereteli's ,,The First Step“","authors":"Tinatini Dzodzuashvili","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.64","url":null,"abstract":"Authors actively use various literary methods to convey a specific idea through a certain atmosphere, intrigue or text. One of these artistic techniques is the description of the environment, which helps the reader to become a participant in this or that action. Also, it helps the author to enrich the text with interesting details and create the desired character of the character. It should be noted that the existence of naturalism in Georgian literature is not actively discussed, nor are naturalist authors named, but Giorgi Tsereteli is one of the few who is referred to as a naturalist author by some critics. In the present study, Giorgi Tsereteli's ,,The First Step“ is discussed as one of the Georgian texts based on naturalistic motifs, and here, the method-environment used by the author is interesting for us. Not only the \"first step\" and the examples of describing the environment in it were interesting for a small research, but also the author's worldview, orientation or writing style. Not only the ,,The first step“ and the examples of describing the environment in it were interesting for a small research, but also the author's worldview, orientation or writing style. For this purpose, the text discusses the opinions and assessments of Giorgi Tsereteli's work by various critics. Also, as an example, extensive passages are cited as text, where the author describes a specific living environment. Description, as one of the naturalistic methods presented in Giorgi Tsereteli's work, allows us to say that ,,Georgian writing followed in the footsteps of European literature“. &nbsp","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some examples of religious flow in the artistic heritage of Ilia Chavchavadze","authors":"Soslan Surmanidze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.58","url":null,"abstract":"The basis of the worldview of Ilia Chavchavadze is the gospel. This was evident in his artistic and journalistic heritage. Researcher Akaki Bakradze rightly draws attention to the birth of the main character of \"Otaraant Kvrivi\" Giorgi on Christmas Day and the tragic end of his life. Giorgi is a victim who must open his eyes to a nation divided on the basis of rank; To teach everyone to look for a \"living icon of dignity\" in each person. In the present work, we will briefly focus on the traces of the Christian religion in the works of St. Ilia the Righteous. Here, we mainly selected the joint report of professors Guram Bakhtadze and Shota Jijieshvili about Ilia Pattali, which was presented in Didachara, at the conference dedicated to Andria the Great in May 2011.  In addition, we will review some examples from Ilia Chavchavadze's artistic work to show that for Ilia Pratli, Georgianness and Christianity are intertwined and he could not present them without each other.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}