{"title":"The use of a portable analog computer for process identification, calculation and control","authors":"L. H. Fricke, R. A. Walsh","doi":"10.1145/1464052.1464118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464052.1464118","url":null,"abstract":"In the design and development of controlled processes there are two areas of intense activity---the theoretical simulation of the total plant and empirical simulations involving the collection of reliable experimental data to assist in the construction of a special purpose model. The simulation of a newly proposed process, even from the best available theoretical basis, is usually only approximate. It requires use of large and expensive computer installations, either analog and/or digital, so that by direct programming of the design criteria, the optimum plant operating conditions may be determined. However, even if such a model were extremely reliable (pilot plant), the scaleup problems are quite complex. In some cases, it might be well-nigh impossible to maintain the exact relationships between certain intrinsic parameters, surface tension, heat transfer, etc.---and, of course, few theoretical models can anticipate all the significant process characteristics. As a result, many full scale plants are in need of partial redesign. The authors feel that techniques relying on plant data are indispensable for accomplishing this end.","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129669024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A system for automatic recognition of handwritten words","authors":"P. Mermelstein, Murray Eyden","doi":"10.1145/1464052.1464081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464052.1464081","url":null,"abstract":"The recognition of handwriting can be considered an important problem in the general pattern recognition area because the set of patterns, say individual words, possesses a degree of variability that far exceeds that of problems where relatively good solutions have been previously found. Whereas in the case of character recognition the number of pattern classes considered different usually does not exceed one hundred, the number of pattern classes with which one finds himself confronted here is only limited by the vocabulary of the language. Furthermore, the problem is reasonably well-defined, i.e., in most cases the correct categorization choice is known by comparison with human performance. In some cases such performance by different people may not result in complete agreement, but even then the number of alternative results is restricted to a small number. Experimental data are readily available and their variability, insofar as they depend on subject and context, can be easily controlled.","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116250992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Hargreaves, J. Joyce, G. Cole, Ernest D. Foss, Richard G. Gray, Elmer M. Sharp, R. Sippel, Thomas M. Spellman, R. A. Thorpe
{"title":"Image processing hardware for a man-machine graphical communication system","authors":"B. Hargreaves, J. Joyce, G. Cole, Ernest D. Foss, Richard G. Gray, Elmer M. Sharp, R. Sippel, Thomas M. Spellman, R. A. Thorpe","doi":"10.1145/1464052.1464084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464052.1464084","url":null,"abstract":"The General Motors Research Laboratories (GMR) obtained the IBM 7960 Special Image Processing System in order to provide a laboratory for the study of graphic data processing and related man-machine communication problems. The IBM 7960, designed and built by the IBM Data Systems Division to specifications provided by GMR, consists of:\u0000 a) A graphic console which includes a display tube, control buttons and lights, a card reader, an alphanumeric keyboard and a position indicating pencil.\u0000 b) An image processor which permits computer-controlled scanning of film images and computer-controlled recording on 35mm film.","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132568959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The time-sharing monitor system","authors":"H. A. Kinslow","doi":"10.1145/1464052.1464092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464052.1464092","url":null,"abstract":"The IBM Advanced Systems Development Division is currently operating the Time-Shared Monitor System (TSM), an experimental, general-purpose, time-sharing system based on the IBM 7090 Data Processing System. This system is capable of serving 24 remote users simultaneously. It requires a minimum of computing equipment, and gives the remotely located user a maximum amount of control over the 7090 itself; and over the content of his program files within it.","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124277080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The jet propulsion laboratory ephemeris tape system","authors":"E. G. Orozco","doi":"10.1109/AFIPS.1964.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFIPS.1964.100","url":null,"abstract":"Predictions of the motion of celestial bodies can be presented in tabular form. These tables, called ephemerides, list position as a function of time. Positions at any time point within the range of the table can be obtained by interpolation.","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124736211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A line scanning system controlled from an on-line console","authors":"Fred N. Krull, J. E. Foote","doi":"10.1145/1464052.1464086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464052.1464086","url":null,"abstract":"Direct graphical input is one of the newest and most exciting sources of digital computer input. Programming techniques and hardware are beginning to appear which are designed to automatically process graphic information. This paper describes an experimental system which has been designed to facilitate the digitizing of line images. The equipment which is used for this purpose is an IBM 7960 Special Image Processing System consisting of graphic console, image processor, and a modified data channel. The image processor (Figure 1) contains a programmable Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) scanner, a CRT recorder, a 35mm camera, and film processing equipment.","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122302554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Consequent procedures in conventional computers","authors":"D. R. Fitzwater, Earl J. Schweppe","doi":"10.1145/1464052.1464094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464052.1464094","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity of the tasks performed by computer systems has been expanding rapidly throughout the short history of these machines, but only in recent years has the basic feature of sequential control of operations been seriously violated. The large computing system of the future will have multiple processing capabilities and will be operated in a shared manner in order to obtain the potential efficiencies and expansions of application areas which are possible in such a system. A shared computer system will be heavily dependent on real time interactions with people and other machines. The effectiveness of such expansion in the application areas of shared systems depends upon advances in both hardward and software structures, and upon the feedback between them. In order to solve the language problems of such a system, it is not sufficient to try to find a more convenient language to describe conventional program structures. Brown has indicated the need for a new concept of programming in the environment and has discussed many of the necessary features including the ability to leave sequencing control in the hands of the system.","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128053334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A question-answering system for high school algebra word problems","authors":"D. Bobrow","doi":"10.1145/1464052.1464108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464052.1464108","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research reported here was to discover methods for building computer programs which can understand and communicate with people in a non-trivial subset of English. A computer program understands a subset of English if it accepts input sentences which are members of this subset, and answers questions based on information contained in the input. We describe in this paper a semantic theory of discourse, and utilize a first approximation to the analytical portion of this theory in the STUDENT question-answering system, a program which understands a subset of English in the sense defined above.","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122360423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Binary-compatible signed-digit arithmetic","authors":"A. Avizienis","doi":"10.1145/1464052.1464115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464052.1464115","url":null,"abstract":"Binary compatible signed digit number system characterized by variable length and significant arithmetic operations","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126032328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Associative memory system implementation and characteristics","authors":"J. McAteer, J. Capobianco, R. L. Koppel","doi":"10.1145/1464052.1464061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464052.1464061","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of a new system utilizing state-of-the-art technologies requires a careful engineering evaluation of all parameters affecting such a design. In particular, when new system concepts are needed and the available devices for mechanization have been designed for a different class of system, the problems become much more severe. Such is the case with Associative Memory (AM) systems where an entirely new system organizational concept places exacting requirements on the existing technology of information storage, as is evidenced by the many techniques which have been proposed for implementation.","PeriodicalId":126790,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123352280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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