Future oncology最新文献

{"title":"Plain language review: the safety of relugolix combination therapy for advanced prostate cancer.","authors":"Jose De La Cerda, Jared Thorley, Paul Sieber, Michael S Cookson, Scott C Flanders, Sergio C Gatoulis, Neal D Shore","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2409543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2024.2409543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>What is this summary about?: </strong>Advanced prostate cancer is a cancer that began in the prostate (a part of the male body) and has spread to other parts of the body. This is a review of two clinical research studies of patients with advanced prostate cancer who were treated with relugolix combination therapy. Relugolix is a medicine taken by mouth that lowers a male sex <b>hormone</b>, called testosterone. Relugolix is sometimes combined with other medicines such as novel hormonal therapies (NHTs) or chemotherapy to treat advanced prostate cancer. In one study, patients were treated with relugolix combined with an NHT (abiraterone or apalutamide). In a second study, patients were treated with relugolix combined with an NHT (enzalutamide) or chemotherapy (docetaxel). Researchers wanted to understand what possible <b>side effects</b> may happen due to taking these medicines together as prescribed. They also wanted to see if relugolix combination therapy worked to lower testosterone in the same way as relugolix taken alone.</p><p><strong>What are the key takeaways?: </strong>Researchers found that most of the side effects of relugolix combined with an NHT or chemotherapy were mild or moderate. Side effects of relugolix combination therapy were similar to the side effects of the medicines when taken alone. However, patients who received relugolix with enzalutamide or docetaxel were more likely to have a serious side effect compared with patients who received relugolix taken alone. Testosterone stayed below 50 nanograms per deciliter (known as castration levels) for patients who received relugolix with NHT or chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>What were the main conclusions reported by the researchers?: </strong>Patients who receive relugolix combination therapy generally experience mild or moderate side effects, rather than serious side effects. No new safety issues were found during these studies. Patients maintained low testosterone levels. Patients and their doctors should discuss the benefits and possible harms of relugolix combination therapy to treat advanced prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting CDK2 to combat drug resistance in cancer therapy.","authors":"Sara Kasirzadeh, Jimma Likisa Lenjisa, Shudong Wang","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2416382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2024.2416382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug resistance remains a major obstacle in cancer treatment, leading to treatment failures and high mortality rates. Despite advancements in therapies, overcoming resistance requires a deeper understanding of its mechanisms. This review highlights CDK2's pivotal role in both intrinsic and acquired resistance, and its potential as a therapeutic target. Cyclin E upregulation, which partners with CDK2, is linked to poor prognosis and resistance across various cancers. Specifically, amplifications of <i>CCNE1/CCNE2</i> are associated with resistance to targeted therapies, immunotherapy, endocrine therapies and chemo/radiotherapy. Given CDK2's involvement in resistance mechanisms, investigating its role presents promising opportunities for developing novel strategies to combat resistance and improve treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Part 2 - Highlights of the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2023.","authors":"John R Benson, Ismail Jatoi","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2418797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2024.2418797","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Part 1 - Highlights of the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2023.","authors":"John R Benson, Ismail Jatoi","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2418804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2024.2418804","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-line sunitinib treatment modification in patients with mRCC: nationwide analysis of the Swedish population.","authors":"Maria Jakobsson, Fredrik Nilsson, Angela Strambi, Johannes Arpegård, Johan Dalén","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2401309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2024.2401309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Assess first-line sunitinib dosing for treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Swedish clinical practice (2006-2019).<b>Materials & methods:</b> Retrospective analysis of three sunitinib dosing regimens: 2-weeks on, 1-week off (2:1 Start); standard 4-weeks on, 2-weeks off (4:2) and 4:2 start with switch to 2:1 (2:1 Switch).<b>Results:</b> Time-to-treatment discontinuation (95% CI) differed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001): 6.2 (5.6-7.2), 13.9 (8.1-20.6) and 4.6 (4.3-5.6) months for 2:1 Start (<i>n</i> = 320), 2:1 Switch (<i>n</i> = 71) and 4:2 (<i>n</i> = 704), respectively. Overall survival (95% CI) differed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001): 21.8 (18.1-26.1), 32.2 (25.1-48.3) and 13.5 (12.3-15.8) months for 2:1 Start (<i>n</i> = 320), 2:1 Switch (<i>n</i> = 71) and 4:2 (<i>n</i> = 704), respectively.<b>Conclusion:</b> Alternative dosing does not compromise clinical efficacy and may provide advantages in terms of improved treatment outcomes. However, due to the changing treatment patterns during this long-term study, and the absence of patient risk category data, caution is required when interpreting the main outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plain language summary: an analysis of the safety of futibatinib treatment in people with different types of cancer.","authors":"Funda Meric-Bernstam, Antoine Hollebecque, Junji Furuse, Do-Youn Oh, John A Bridgewater, Bailey Anderson, Nanae Hangai, Volker Wacheck, Lipika Goyal","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2414593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2024.2414593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>What is this summary about?: </strong>Researchers combined information from three separate phase 1 and 2 clinical trials, including over 400 people who had one of 33 different cancer types and who all received futibatinib in their clinical trial. This type of study is called a pooled analysis. Futibatinib is taken orally (by mouth) as a tablet and works by reducing the activity of a group of proteins called fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs). FGFRs drive the growth of some cancers, especially cancer cells with changes in FGFR genes that make the proteins more active. Researchers wanted to look at how common some side effects were in people treated with futibatinib, how soon the side effects happened after taking futibatinib, and how they could be managed. Researchers also wanted to provide recommendations to other health care professionals on how to manage these side effects in people with cancer.</p><p><strong>What were the results?: </strong>In this analysis, the researchers focused on side effects that they had seen in previously completed trials of futibatinib. Overall, futibatinib was safe and tolerable. Most people (82%) had a high phosphate level in their blood (hyperphosphatemia), 27% had nail disorders, 27% had liver side effects (changes in liver-related laboratory tests), 19% had a sore mouth (stomatitis), 13% had hand-foot syndrome (palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome), 9% had a rash, 8% developed changes in the back of the eye (retinal disorders), and 4% of people developed cataracts. Most side effects were mild/moderate and reversible. The median time it took from starting treatment to experiencing a severe side effect ranged from 9 days (hyperphosphatemia) to 125 days (cataracts). Some side effects tended to occur early, while others developed later. Only 2% of people stopped taking futibatinib due to treatment-related side effects, and futibatinib caused no deaths.</p><p><strong>What do the results mean?: </strong>The side effects from taking futibatinib were manageable and similar in people with different types of cancer. To fully understand the safety of futibatinib, researchers will need to look at what side effects are reported in people taking futibatinib over a longer time in the real-world setting (outside of clinical trials).</p>","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plain language summary of quality of life in CheckMate 9ER: Cabozantinib plus nivolumab in advanced renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"David Cella, Robert J Motzer, Cristina Suarez, Steven I Blum, Flavia Ejzykowicz, Melissa Hamilton, Joel F Wallace, Burcin Simsek, Joshua Zhang, Cristina Ivanescu, Toni K Choueiri, Andrea B Apolo","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2415786","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2415786","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of immune checkpoint inhibitor use and factors linked to neurological adverse events in Korean lung cancer.","authors":"Sang Hee Kim, Seung Hyeun Lee, Hankil Lee","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2416378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2024.2416378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Studies on immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related potential neurological adverse events (pNAEs) in Korean lung cancer (LC) patients are scarce. We aimed to examine ICI prescription trends from 2018 to 2022, patient characteristics and factors associated with ICI prescription or concurrent pNAEs in LC.<b>Research design & methods:</b> This observational, cross-sectional study of Korean LC patients investigated four ICIs (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab and durvalumab). The annual ICI prescription rate was calculated by dividing the number of LC patients prescribed ICIs with the total annual number of LC patients. Factors associated with ICI prescriptions or concurrent pNAEs were assessed.<b>Results:</b> The annual ICI prescription rate increased from 3.29% to 9.74% (average: 6.20%). Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores were associated with more ICI prescriptions (odds ratio [OR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.08). Targeted therapy was associated with fewer prescriptions (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.41-0.49). The anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) prescription rate was higher in patients with concurrent pNAEs than those without pNAEs (53.09% vs. 50.84%), and this was associated with higher pNAEs prevalence (OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03-1.18).<b>Conclusion:</b> ICI prescription for LC has increased in Korea, CCI and anti-PD-1 increased pNAEs prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A plain language summary of the final analysis of the GRIFFIN study of daratumumab plus lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone for people with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.","authors":"Peter M Voorhees, Douglas W Sborov, Jacob Laubach, Jonathan L Kaufman, Brandi Reeves, Cesar Rodriguez, Rebecca Silbermann, Luciano J Costa, Larry D Anderson, Nitya Nathwani, Nina Shah, Naresh Bumma, Yvonne A Efebera, Sarah A Holstein, Caitlin Costello, Andrzej Jakubowiak, Tanya M Wildes, Robert Z Orlowski, Kenneth H Shain, Andrew J Cowan, Shira Dinner, Katharine S Gries, Huiling Pei, Annelore Cortoos, Sharmila Patel, Thomas S Lin, Saad Z Usmani, Paul G Richardson","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2408909","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2408909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>What is this summary about?: </strong>This summary describes the final analysis of the GRIFFIN study. In this study, participants were newly diagnosed with a type of blood and bone marrow cancer called multiple myeloma, had never received any treatment, and were able to undergo an autologous stem cell transplant. The GRIFFIN study looked at adding the drug daratumumab (D) to a combination of standard treatments called RVd (lenalidomide [R], bortezomib [V], and dexamethasone [d]) during the treatment phases induction and consolidation, followed by daratumumab and lenalidomide (D-R) maintenance. Participants also received an autologous stem cell transplant to further help reduce multiple myeloma. The GRIFFIN study looked at whether D-RVd followed by D-R maintenance was better at killing multiple myeloma cells compared with RVd on its own followed by R maintenance on its own, and if treatments were safe. This summary also describes results from 2 other GRIFFIN publications: one that looked at participants with certain multiple myeloma characteristics or demographic factors that are associated with worse outcomes, and another that looked at how treatments impacted the participants' quality of life.</p><p><strong>What were the results?: </strong>At the time of the final analysis of GRIFFIN, participants who were treated with D-RVd followed by D-R maintenance had very low (undetectable) levels of multiple myeloma cells and multiple myeloma markers (biological signs) and were more likely to be alive without the multiple myeloma getting worse or coming back compared with participants who received standard RVd treatment followed by R maintenance. There was also a pattern of similar benefits achieved by participants who were at risk for worse outcomes. Additionally, participants who received D-RVd treatment followed by D-R maintenance reported less pain, less fatigue (extreme tiredness), and greater improvements in their ability to conduct daily physical activities. While some side effects (unwanted or unexpected effects of treatment) were higher with D-RVd, side effects in both groups were as expected, and adding daratumumab did not reduce a participant's ability to handle treatment.</p><p><strong>What do the results of the study mean?: </strong>Results of the GRIFFIN study showed that D-RVd treatment followed by D-R maintenance was better at treating multiple myeloma than the standard treatment of RVd followed by R maintenance in adults with a new diagnosis of multiple myeloma who were able to receive an autologous stem cell transplant, with no unexpected side effects of treatment.<b>Clinical Trial Registration:</b> NCT02874742 (GRIFFIN) (ClinicalTrials.gov).</p>","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorectal cancer research priorities in Uganda: perspectives from local key experts and stakeholders.","authors":"Nicholas Matovu, Noleb Mugume Mugisha, Alfred Jatho, Charlene M McShane","doi":"10.1080/14796694.2024.2416885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2024.2416885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in Uganda but there is limited local research to guide policy and programming for CRC prevention and control. A stakeholder engagement workshop took place in Kampala on 19 March 2024 to identify challenges and opportunities for CRC prevention and control in Uganda. A total of 30 stakeholders with expertise in CRC primary and secondary prevention, diagnosis, treatment, palliative care as well as cancer survivors participated in the workshop. Key challenges for primary prevention included low knowledge/awareness of CRC among the general population and health workers, and rising prevalence of CRC related risk factors. Limited CRC screening, diagnostic facilities and specialists were identified as barriers to diagnosis. Treatment related challenges included limited accessibility to surgical services and drugs, late-stage presentation leading to poor treatment response, treatment abandonment and drug related toxicity. Lack of universal health coverage policies, limited community-based cancer awareness programs, and lack of national cancer registries were cited as policy and economics challenges. Opportunities to address these challenges were discussed. Our findings highlight areas for further research and prioritization to address Uganda's growing CRC burden and may be applicable to other low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12672,"journal":{"name":"Future oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142498891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}