Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience最新文献_第2页

Synaptic plasticity through a naturalistic lens 自然视角下的突触可塑性

IF 3.7 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1250753

Charlotte Piette, Nicolas Gervasi, Laurent Venance

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Editorial: Horizons in synaptic neuroscience. 社论:突触神经科学的视野。

IF 3.7 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-10-09 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1295640

Per Jesper Sjöström

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Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue. 人类细胞类型的独特生物物理特征：来自神经外科医生切除脑组织研究的见解。

IF 3.7 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-10-04 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1250834

Homeira Moradi Chameh, Madeleine Falby, Mandana Movahed, Keon Arbabi, Scott Rich, Liang Zhang, Jérémie Lefebvre, Shreejoy J Tripathy, Maurizio De Pittà, Taufik A Valiante

{"title":"Distinctive biophysical features of human cell-types: insights from studies of neurosurgically resected brain tissue.","authors":"Homeira Moradi Chameh, Madeleine Falby, Mandana Movahed, Keon Arbabi, Scott Rich, Liang Zhang, Jérémie Lefebvre, Shreejoy J Tripathy, Maurizio De Pittà, Taufik A Valiante","doi":"10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1250834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1250834","url":null,"abstract":"Electrophysiological characterization of live human tissue from epilepsy patients has been performed for many decades. Although initially these studies sought to understand the biophysical and synaptic changes associated with human epilepsy, recently, it has become the mainstay for exploring the distinctive biophysical and synaptic features of human cell-types. Both epochs of these human cellular electrophysiological explorations have faced criticism. Early studies revealed that cortical pyramidal neurons obtained from individuals with epilepsy appeared to function \"normally\" in comparison to neurons from non-epilepsy controls or neurons from other species and thus there was little to gain from the study of human neurons from epilepsy patients. On the other hand, contemporary studies are often questioned for the \"normalcy\" of the recorded neurons since they are derived from epilepsy patients. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the distinct biophysical features of human cortical neurons and glia obtained from tissue removed from patients with epilepsy and tumors. We then explore the concept of within cell-type diversity and its loss (i.e., \"neural homogenization\"). We introduce neural homogenization to help reconcile the epileptogenicity of seemingly \"normal\" human cortical cells and circuits. We propose that there should be continued efforts to study cortical tissue from epilepsy patients in the quest to understand what makes human cell-types \"human\".","PeriodicalId":12650,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10584155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49676709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modification of the synaptic cleft under excitatory conditions. 兴奋条件下突触间隙的改变。

IF 3.7 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-09-28 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1239098

Jung-Hwa Tao-Cheng, Sandra L Moreira, Christine A Winters, Thomas S Reese, Ayse Dosemeci

{"title":"Modification of the synaptic cleft under excitatory conditions.","authors":"Jung-Hwa Tao-Cheng, Sandra L Moreira, Christine A Winters, Thomas S Reese, Ayse Dosemeci","doi":"10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1239098","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1239098","url":null,"abstract":"The synaptic cleft is the extracellular part of the synapse, bridging the pre- and postsynaptic membranes. The geometry and molecular organization of the cleft is gaining increased attention as an important determinant of synaptic efficacy. The present study by electron microscopy focuses on short-term morphological changes at the synaptic cleft under excitatory conditions. Depolarization of cultured hippocampal neurons with high K+ results in an increased frequency of synaptic profiles with clefts widened at the periphery (open clefts), typically exhibiting patches of membranes lined by postsynaptic density, but lacking associated presynaptic membranes (18.0% open clefts in high K+ compared to 1.8% in controls). Similarly, higher frequencies of open clefts were observed in adult brain upon a delay of perfusion fixation to promote excitatory/ischemic conditions. Inhibition of basal activity in cultured neurons through the application of TTX results in the disappearance of open clefts whereas application of NMDA increases their frequency (19.0% in NMDA vs. 5.3% in control and 2.6% in APV). Depletion of extracellular Ca2+ with EGTA also promotes an increase in the frequency of open clefts (16.6% in EGTA vs. 4.0% in controls), comparable to that by depolarization or NMDA, implicating dissociation of Ca2+-dependent trans-synaptic bridges. Dissociation of transsynaptic bridges under excitatory conditions may allow perisynaptic mobile elements, such as AMPA receptors to enter the cleft. In addition, peripheral opening of the cleft would facilitate neurotransmitter clearance and thus may have a homeostatic and/or protective function.","PeriodicalId":12650,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10568020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41234577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Synaptopathies: from bench to bedside. 社论：Synaptopathies:从长椅到床边。

IF 3.7 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-09-27 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1291163

Clive R Bramham, Volkmar Lessmann, Anthony J Hannan, Changhe Wang, Alberto Catanese, Tobias Maria Boeckers, Hongyu Zhang

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Brain dopaminergic mechanisms. 社论：大脑多巴胺能机制。

IF 3.7 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-09-27 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1292511

Ben Yang, Roman A Romanov, Jinbin Xu, Jean-Pierre Mothet

引用次数: 0

Editorial: New insights into synaptic plasticity in fear conditioning. 社论：对恐惧条件反射中突触可塑性的新见解。

IF 3.7 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-09-13 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1270701

Ana P Crestani, Ana Cicvaric, Adelaide P Yiu

引用次数: 0

Shared and divergent principles of synaptic transmission between cortical excitatory neurons in rodent and human brain. 啮齿类动物和人脑皮层兴奋性神经元突触传递的共同和不同原理。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-09-05 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1274383

Christiaan P J de Kock, Dirk Feldmeyer

{"title":"Shared and divergent principles of synaptic transmission between cortical excitatory neurons in rodent and human brain.","authors":"Christiaan P J de Kock, Dirk Feldmeyer","doi":"10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1274383","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1274383","url":null,"abstract":"Information transfer between principal neurons in neocortex occurs through (glutamatergic) synaptic transmission. In this focussed review, we provide a detailed overview on the strength of synaptic neurotransmission between pairs of excitatory neurons in human and laboratory animals with a specific focus on data obtained using patch clamp electrophysiology. We reach two major conclusions: (1) the synaptic strength, measured as unitary excitatory postsynaptic potential (or uEPSP), is remarkably consistent across species, cortical regions, layers and/or cell-types (median 0.5 mV, interquartile range 0.4-1.0 mV) with most variability associated with the cell-type specific connection studied (min 0.1-max 1.4 mV), (2) synaptic function cannot be generalized across human and rodent, which we exemplify by discussing the differences in anatomical and functional properties of pyramidal-to-pyramidal connections within human and rodent cortical layers 2 and 3. With only a handful of studies available on synaptic transmission in human, it is obvious that much remains unknown to date. Uncovering the shared and divergent principles of synaptic transmission across species however, will almost certainly be a pivotal step toward understanding human cognitive ability and brain function in health and disease.","PeriodicalId":12650,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10508294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41178547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rethinking the network determinants of motor disability in Parkinson's disease. 重新思考帕金森病运动障碍的网络决定因素。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-06-28 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1186484

Dalton James Surmeier, Shenyu Zhai, Qiaoling Cui, DeNard V Simmons

引用次数: 0

Visualizing the triheteromeric N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit composition. 可视化 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体亚基的三单体组成。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-05-24 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1156777

Stephen Beesley, Akash Gunjan, Sanjay S Kumar

{"title":"Visualizing the triheteromeric N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit composition.","authors":"Stephen Beesley, Akash Gunjan, Sanjay S Kumar","doi":"10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1156777","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1156777","url":null,"abstract":"N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are one of three ligand-gated ionotropic channels that transduce the effects of neurotransmitter glutamate at excitatory synapses within the central nervous system. Their ability to influx Ca2+ into cells, unlike mature AMPA or kainate receptors, implicates them in a variety of processes ranging from synaptic plasticity to cell death. Many of the receptor's capabilities, including binding glutamate and regulating Ca2+ influx, have been attributed to their subunit composition, determined putatively using cell biology, electrophysiology and/or pharmacology. Here, we show that subunit composition of synaptic NMDARs can also be readily visualized in acute brain slices (rat) using highly specific antibodies directed against extracellular epitopes of the subunit proteins and high-resolution confocal microscopy. This has helped confirm the expression of triheteromeric t-NMDARs (containing GluN1, GluN2, and GluN3 subunits) at synapses for the first time and reconcile functional differences with diheteromeric d-NMDARs (containing GluN1 and GluN2 subunits) described previously. Even though structural information about individual receptors is still diffraction limited, fluorescently tagged receptor subunit puncta coalesce with precision at various magnifications and/or with the postsynaptic density (PSD-95) but not the presynaptic active zone marker Bassoon. These data are particularly relevant for identifying GluN3A-containing t-NMDARs that are highly Ca2+ permeable and whose expression at excitatory synapses renders neurons vulnerable to excitotoxicity and cell death. Imaging NMDAR subunit proteins at synapses not only offers firsthand insights into subunit composition to correlate function but may also help identify zones of vulnerability within brain structures underlying neurodegenerative diseases like Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.","PeriodicalId":12650,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10244591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9600936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0