Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991最新文献

{"title":"Reliability of real-time information systems for route choice decisions in a congested traffic network: Some simulation experiments","authors":"P. S. Chen, H. Mahmassani","doi":"10.4271/912833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912833","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the reliability of information on prevailing trip times on the links of a network as a basis for route choice decisions by individual drivers. It considers a type of information strategy where no attempt is made by some central controller or coordinating entity to predict what the travel times on each link would be by the time it is reached by a driver that is presently at a given location. A specially modified model combining traffic simulation and path assignment capabilities is used to analyze the reliability of the real-time information supplied to the drivers. This is accomplished by comparing the supplied travel times (at the link and path levels) to the actual trip times experienced in the network after the information has been given. Results of a series of simulation experiments under recurrent congestion conditions are discussed, illustrating the interactions between information reliability and user response.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127796929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driver information systems: What's next","authors":"C. Querée","doi":"10.4271/912856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912856","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides an overview of some of the key technological issues and market constraints affecting the growth of driver information and navigation systems in the short to medium term. It covers trends in relevant technologies, generic markets for driver information systems, technical constraints on product development, issues affecting user demand, directions of growth, and identifies some key aspects for further analysis. Two particular issues are raised. The first relates to the need to treat driver information systems as subscriber services, and the other notes the expected entry of hand-held navigation and communication products to the market.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124834357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety evaluation of TravTek","authors":"August L Burgett","doi":"10.4271/912830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912830","url":null,"abstract":"The Statement of National Transportation Policy issued by President Bush and Secretary Skinner last year points out that \"innovation and technological advances within the transportation field will be vital to ensure that the system can meet the Nation's transportation requirements for the 21st century.\" TravTek, a major Intelligent Vehicle/Highway System (IVHS) advanced motorist information demonstration program in the United States, provides an example of just such innovation. The TravTek program focuses on the navigation and route-guidance needs of out-of-town visitors and utilizes a fleet of specially equipped rental cars as the test bed for the advanced technologies to be evaluated. One of the goals of the TravTek program is to evaluate the potential for, and identify needed enhancements for, increased safety of advanced route-guidance projects. This paper discusses the tools that will be used and the methodologies that will be developed to provide the safety component of the evaluation of TravTek. The evaluation will include the development and application of methodologies for addressing driver/vehicle interaction considerations, collision experience, and the relationship between congestion and collisions.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125396844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on anticipatory route guidance","authors":"Kan Chen, S. Underwood","doi":"10.4271/912787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912787","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the industry-relevant basic research focus of the Michigan IVHS Program in the last two years, with an emphasis on the linkage among the various projects related to anticipatory route guidance. Future direction of this research focus will also be discussed. The critical test for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) is whether an individual driver with an appropriately equipped vehicle will get intelligent and safe advice on traffic diversion from his originally chosen route after a congestion-causing incident is detected and verified. Such advice should take into account not only current traffic conditions but also anticipated delay that may occur before the driver reaches his destination. Therefore, the Michigan IVHS research on traffic modeling and route optimization has focused on anticipatory route guidance. The anticipatory guidance system routes the vehicles by minimizing time-dependent link costs incurred by the driver. A novel dynamic programming approach has been used to take advantage of the time-dependent characteristics of the minimal travel-time solution to reduce computation load. The computation of routes is accomplished in the vehicle so that the driver will have complete and private control of not only the objective function, but also the constraints, in the computation for his optimum route. The information to be provided from the infrastructure is a set of anticipated link costs, updated periodically, to reflect current system demand and unexpected traffic incidents. Preliminary analysis has suggested that, to minimize communication load, under certain conditions, all link costs (not just exceptional ones) should be transmitted and appropriate data compression techniques should be used. Since diversion recommendations are generated within the vehicle, no matter where the vehicle happens to be, these recommendations may arise after the driver has passed the location for safe maneuver to divert. Human factors research has been conducted to assess the safe distance before the junction for recommended diversion that should be allowed for safe diversion. This safe distance would depend on the driver characteristics, as well as on the vehicle and road characteristics (including the lane location). The guidance system should be designed so that only safe diversion advice will be given to the driver. Extension of research on anticipatory route guidance includes 1) the projection of link costs through traffic modeling and simulation, 2) inclusion of multiple transportation modes, and 3) coordination with traffic light controls. The research strategy is to generate practical guidelines for ATIS product development, which can be upgraded incrementally as additional research results become available, and as component costs change.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121647069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging requirements for digital maps for in-vehicle pathfinding and other traveller assistance","authors":"M. White","doi":"10.4271/912751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912751","url":null,"abstract":"As Advanced Traveller Information Systems (ATIS) technology matures, new in-vehicle applications are arising: pathfinding, business listings (\"Yellow Pages\"), cartographically attractive displays, integration with Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, and communications with real-time traffic information services. Each of these impose new demands on digital maps supporting ATIS. We present examples of each and describe the nature of supporting map data. For pathfinding the following data are used: a topological database, driving restrictions, including complex multi-link turn restrictions, and street classifications used in computing impedance. More advanced and attractive graphics displays, e.g., color LCD and CRT screens, permit color fill for such areas as water bodies and parks. As a result, purely cartographic information, useful primarily for making the map display more attractive and recognizable, may become a significant portion of the map data. GPS is now widely available, and many manufacturers are including GPS receivers in their designs and prototypes. This requires, in most cases, a change in coordinate systems, for example in the US from NAD27 to WGS84. Finally, identifying particular links for communication with real-time traffic information services imposes requirements for cooperation among developers. Operating examples of these new requirements in use are presented together with a brief review of earlier requirements, including positional accuracy, street classification and geocoding support. These are needed for display, map matching navigation, as well as new applications, such as business listings searches.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116301540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of dynamic route guidance systems as part of a future oriented city traffic management system","authors":"J. Sparmann","doi":"10.4271/912832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912832","url":null,"abstract":"In order to better cope with the future needs of traffic management systems an advanced route guidance and information system called LISB has been introduced and tested in the City of Berlin (West) (1). Infrared transmitters and receivers (beacons) are located at intersections of the main road network transmitting route recommendations to specially equipped vehicles. These vehicles measure their travel times per road section and transmit them via beacons to a central route guidance computer. Based on actual travel times, the central computer calculates the quickest routes in the network. These routes are indicated visually and audibly to the drivers, guiding them to their destinations, taking into account the actual and short-term predicted traffic situation. Within a large-scale field experiment the system's performance, acceptance by the drivers, and benefits for the users as well as for the municipality have been investigated (2). The final results and a way of incorporating individual traffic control systems into traffic management systems will be presented in the following paper.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127957791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new route optimization algorithm for rapid decision support","authors":"J. Bander, C. White","doi":"10.4271/912818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912818","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a new heuristic search algorithm, Interruptible A (IA), that we have implemented in a real-world decision aid for use of public transit. IA is appropriate for shortest path problems where there is value to a suboptimal path returned quickly. We offer an example in which IA returns an optimal path in single iteration, and another where the algorithm finds a suboptimal path quickly before converging to the optimal path. Two admissibility condition are presented, along with empirical results indicating that IA is effective in both admissible and inadmissible cases.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130787589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A report on the TRB IVHS communication standards workshop","authors":"R. French, E. Case, P. Tarnoff, M. Chung","doi":"10.4271/912841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912841","url":null,"abstract":"A major impediment to the widespread implementation of Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) is the absence of communications standards, particularly for mobile applications. The Communications Committee of the Transportation Research Board (TRB) sponsored a Communications Workshop in June 1990 to address this problem. The Workshop was attended by representatives from all levels of government, consultants, universities and industry from the United States, Canada, Europe, and Japan. Working groups were established to address specific issues, including research requirements, international compatibility, commonality and interoperability, content and format, and processes for developing standards. Problem statements generated by the working groups formed the basis for recommended action. This paper presents a report on the workshop by the editors of TRB Transportation Research Circular \"Recommendations for Establishing Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) Communications Standards\" to be published in the near future which contains a comprehensive record of the entire proceedings.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116614491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and implementation of ADVANCE: The Illinois dynamic navigation and route guidance demonstration program","authors":"David E. Boyce, A. Kirson, J. Schofer","doi":"10.4271/912786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912786","url":null,"abstract":"A demonstration program to design, implement and evaluate an in-vehicle navigation and route guidance system with dynamically updated travel time information is being undertaken on a suburban arterial road system in Northeast Illinois. In July, 1991, the Illinois Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Motorola, Inc., and Illinois Universities Transportation Research Consortium agreed to proceed with the design and test phase of the demonstration program. This phase will design the route guidance system demonstration, implement the software design for the Traffic Information Center and conduct a system test. Detailed plans for monitoring and assessing the system's performance will also be prepared. These designs will guide the studies to be performed during the implementation phase of the demonstration program expected to commence in 1993.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"265 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124472376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of different in-vehicle route information displays on driver behaviour","authors":"Andrew M. Parkes, M. C. Ashby, Steve H. Fairclough","doi":"10.4271/912734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/912734","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reports two experiments conducted within the Driver Behaviour and Traffic Safety research strand of the European DRIVE programme. Each experiment was conducted using members of the general public, driving specially adapted road vehicles, in real urban environments. The first experiment, conducted in Loughborough can be seen as a validation of a multi-level evaluation methodology developed within the project as applied to two modes of route information presentation: paper map or text display on LCD screen. The second experiment used similar data collection techniques, but was conducted in Berlin with two real route information systems (LISB and Bosch Travelpilot). Assessing the results of these two experiments shows that there is a greater degree of visual workload associated with drawing information off a map display. This is the result of analysing a combination of measures, including vehicle control data, physiological stress indices, visual attention data and a variety of subjective response measures. This form of information presentation may be less than compatible with the task of navigating a vehicle whilst interacting with the road infrastructures of today.","PeriodicalId":126255,"journal":{"name":"Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, 1991","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129309275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}